Science. 2010 Aug 24.
Deep-Sea Oil Plume Enriches Indigenous Oil-Degrading
Bacteria.
Hazen TC, Dubinsky EA, Desantis TZ, Andersen GL, Piceno YM,
Singh N, Jansson JK, Probst A, Borglin SE, Fortney JL, Stringfellow WT, Bill M,
Conrad MS, Tom LM, Chavarria KL, Alusi TR, Lamendella R, Joyner DC, Spier C,
Baelum J, Auer M, Zemla ML, Chakraborty R, Sonnenthal EL, D'haeseleer P, Holman
HY, Osman S, Lu Z, Van Nostrand JD, Deng Y, Zhou J, Mason OU.
MS 70A-3317, One Cyclotron Road, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Abstract
The biological effects and expected fate of the vast amount of
oil in the Gulf of Mexico from the Deepwater Horizon blowout are unknown due to
the depth and magnitude of this event. Here, we report that the dispersed
hydrocarbon plume stimulated deep-sea indigenous gamma-proteobacteria that are
closely related to known petroleum-degraders. Hydrocarbon-degrading genes
coincided with the concentration of various oil contaminants. Changes in
hydrocarbon composition with distance from the source and incubation experiments
with environmental isolates demonstrate faster-than-expected hydrocarbon
biodegradation rates at 5 degrees C. Based on these results, the potential
exists for intrinsic bioremediation of the oil plume in the deep-water column
without substantial oxygen drawdown.
深海喷油丰富了周围的石油降解细菌
Abstract
墨西哥湾Deepwater
Horizon喷发出来大量石油。因为这次事件的深度和广度，其造成的生物学效应和预期结局现在还未可知。在这里，我们报告了分散的碳氢化合物刺激了深海γ-变形菌，它们与已知的石油降解菌亲缘关系很近。碳氢化合物降解基因和多种石油污染物的浓度相吻合。碳氢化合物成分和据污染源的距离的变化以及和从环境中分离到的菌株的培养实验证实了比预期快5度C的碳氢化合物生物降解率。基于这些结果，可以推测在深水缺氧环境下喷发的石油有被自然生物修复的潜力。
