13.080.20 土壤的物理特性 标准查询与下载

ASTM D6572-13e2 通过碎块试验测定粘土分散性的标准试验方法

5.1 The crumb test provides a simple, quick method for field or laboratory identification of a dispersive clayey soil. The internal erosion failures of a number of homogeneous earth dams, erosion along channel or canal banks, and rainfall erosion of earthen structures have been attributed to colloidal erosion along cracks or other flow channels formed in masses of dispersive clay (5). 5.2 The crumb test, as originally developed by Emerson (6), was called the aggregate coherence test and had seven different categories of soil-water reactions. Sherard (5) later simplified the test by combining some soil-water reactions so that only four categories, or grades, of soil dispersion are observed during the test. The crumb test is a relatively accurate positive indicator of the presence of dispersive properties in a soil. The crumb test, however, is not a completely reliable negative indicator that soils are not dispersive. The crumb test can seldom be relied upon as a sole test method for determining the presence of dispersive clays. The double-hydrometer test (Test Method D4221) and pinhole test (Test Method D4647) are test methods that provide valuable additional insight into the probable dispersive behavior of clay soils. Note 2: The quality of the result produced by these test methods is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing. Users of these test methods are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself ensure reliable results. Reliable results depends on several factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors. 1.1 Two test methods are provided to give a qualitative indication of the natural dispersive characteristics of clayey soils: Method A and Method B. 1.1.1 Method A—Procedure for Natural Soil Crumbs described in 10.2. 1.1.2 Method B—Procedure for Remolded Soil Crumbs described in 10.3. 1.2 The crumb test, while a good, quick indication of dispersive soil, should usually be run in conjunction with a pinhole test and a double hydrometer test, Test Methods D4647 and D4221, respectively. 1.3 The crumb test has some limitations in its usefulness as an indicator of dispersive soil. A dispersive soil may some......

Standard Test Methods for Determining Dispersive Characteristics of Clayey Soils by the Crumb Test

SL 568-2012 土壤墒情评价指标

为科学确定土壤墒情评价指标，指导土壤墒情监测、评价、分析工作，提高农田灌溉用水效率，为农业生产服务，制定本标准。 本标准适用于土壤墒情评价指标确定及对作物影响的评价。

Evaluation index of soil moisture condition

ASTM D6780/D6780M-12 根据时域反射法 (TDR) 对原位土壤水含量和密度的标准试验方法

5. Significance and UseTop Bottom 5.1 This test method can be used to determine the density and water content of naturally occurring soils and of soils placed during the construction of earth embankments, road fills, and structural backfills. 5.2 Time domain reflectometry (TDR) measures the apparent dielectric constant (Procedure A) and the apparent dielectric constant, first voltage drop and long term voltage (V1 and Vf) (Procedure B) of soil. The apparent dielectric constant is affected significantly by the water content and density of soil, and to a lesser extent by the chemical composition of soil and pore water, and by temperature. The first voltage drop and long term voltage (V1 and Vf) are affected significantly by the water content, density, and the chemical composition of the in situ pore water, and to a lesser extent the chemical composition of the soil solids. This test method measures the gravimetric water content and makes use of a different relationship between the electrical properties and water content from Test Method D6565 which measures the volumetric water content. 5.3 Soil and pore water characteristics are accounted for in Procedure A with two calibration constants and for Procedure B with five calibration constants. The two soil constants for Procedure A are determined for a given soil by performing compaction tests in a special mold as described in Annex A2. The five soil constants for Procedure B are determined in conjunction with compaction testing in accordance with specified compaction procedures, for example, Test Method D698 as described in Annex A3. Both Procedures A and B use Test Method D2216 to determine the water contents. 5.4 When following Procedure A, the water content is the average value over the length of the cylindrical mold and the density is the average value over the length of the multiple-rod probe embedded in the soil. When following Procedure B, the water content and density is the average values over the length of the multiple-rod embedded in the soil.Note 1?span class="note">The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. User............

Standard Test Method for Water Content and Density of Soil In situ by Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR)

ASTM D5778-12 土壤中的电子摩擦锥运行和压电锥穿透试验的标准试验方法

Tests performed using this test method provide a detailed record of cone resistance which is useful for evaluation of site stratigraphy, homogeneity and depth to firm layers, voids or cavities, and other discontinuities. The use of a friction sleeve and porewater pressure element can provide an estimate of soil classification, and correlations with engineering properties of soils. When properly performed at suitable sites, the test provides a rapid means for determining subsurface conditions. This test method provides data used for estimating engineering properties of soil intended to help with the design and construction of earthworks, the foundations for structures, and the behavior of soils under static and dynamic loads. This method tests the soil in-situ and soil samples are not obtained. The interpretation of the results from this test method provides estimates of the types of soil penetrated. Engineers may obtain soil samples from parallel borings for correlation purposes but prior information or experience may preclude the need for borings. Note 38212;The quality of the results produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personal performing the test, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors and Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the point resistance during penetration of a conical-shaped penetrometer as it is advanced into subsurface soils at a steady rate. 1.2 This test method is also used to determine the frictional resistance of a cylindrical sleeve located behind the conical point as it is advanced through subsurface soils at a steady rate. 1.3 This test method applies to friction-cone penetrometers of the electric and electronic type. Field tests using mechanical-type penetrometers are covered elsewhere by Test Method D3441. 1.4 This test method can be used to determine porewater pressures developed during the penetration, thus termed piezocone. Porewater pressure dissipation, after a push, can also be monitored for correlation to time rate of consolidation and permeability. 1.5 Additional sensors, such as inclinometer, seismic geophones (Test Methods D7400), resistivity, electrical conductivity, dielectric, and temperature sensors, may be included in the penetrometer to provide useful information. The use of an inclinometer is highly recommended since it will provide information on potentially damaging situations during the sounding process. 1.6 Cone penetration test data can be used to interpret subsurface stratigraphy, and through use of site specific correlations, they can provide data on engineering properties of soils intended for use in design and construction of earthworks and foundations for structures. 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Within Section 13 on Calculations, SI units are considered the standard. Other commonly used units such as the inch-pound system are shown in br......

Standard Test Method for Electronic Friction Cone and Piezocone Penetration Testing of Soils

GOST 19912-2012 土壤.现场试验方法:针入度实验和动态探测

Soils. Field test methods: cone penetration test and dynamic probing

LST EN ISO 23470:2011 土壤质量 使用三氯化六氨合钴溶液测定有效阳离子交换容量（CEC）和可交换阳离子（ISO 23470:2007）

Soil quality - Determination of effective cation exchange capacity (CEC) and exchangeable cations using a hexamminecobalt trichloride solution (ISO 23470:2007)

DIN EN ISO 23470:2011 土壤质量.有效阳离子交换量(CEC)和可交换阳离子含量的测定.三氯化六氨合高钴溶液测定法(ISO 23470-2007);德文版本EN ISO 23470-2011

Soil quality - Determination of effective cation exchange capacity (CEC) and exchangeable cations using a hexamminecobalt trichloride solution (ISO 23470:2007); German version EN ISO 23470:2011

NF X31-440:2011 利用三氯六氨络钴溶液测定有效阳离子交换量(CEC)和可交换阳离子,判定土壤质量.

Soil quality - Determination of effective cation exchange capacity (CEC) and exchangeable cations using a hexamminecobalt trichloride solution.

BS EN ISO 23470:2011 土壤质量.用三氯六氨基钴溶液测定有效阳离子交换量(CEC)和可交换阳离子

This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) and the content of exchangeable cations (Al3+, Ca2+, Fe2+, K+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Na+) in soils using a hexamminecobalt trichloride solution as extractant. NOTE As the pH of a soil suspension in the hexamminecobalt trichloride solution is close to the pH of the suspension in water, this method is considered to give the effective CEC, i.e. the CEC at the soil pH. This International Standard is applicable to all types of air-dried soil samples which have been prepared in accordance with ISO 11464. References and results of the comparison with other methods (barium chloride, ammonium acetate) are given in Annex A.

Soil quality. Determination of effective cation exchange capacity (CEC) and exchangeable cations using a hexamminecobalt trichloride solution

EN ISO 23470:2011 土壤质量.有效阳离子交换量(CEC)和可交换阳离子含量的测定.三氯化六氨合高钴溶液测定法

This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the cation exchange capacity (CEC)and the content of exchangeable cations (Al3+, Ca2+, Fe2+, K+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Na+) in soils using ahexamminecobalt trichloride solution as extractant.

Soil quality - Determination of effective cation exchange capacity (CEC) and exchangeable cations using a hexamminecobalt trichloride solution (ISO 23470:2007)

ASTM D7698-11 与复数阻抗法相互关联的土壤和nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;骨料的密度和含水量原地估算的标准试验方法

The test method is a procedure for estimating in-place values of density and water content of soils and soil-aggregate based on electrical measurements. The test method may be used for quality control and acceptance testing of compacted soil and soil aggregate mixtures as used in construction and also for research and development. The minimal disturbance nature of the methodology allows repetitive measurements in a single test location and statistical analysis of the results. Limitations: This test method provides an overview of the CIMI measurement procedure, using a controlling console, connected to a soil sensor unit which applies 3.0 MHz radio frequency to an in-place soil in which metallic probes are driven at a prescribed distance apart. This test method does not discuss the details of the CIMI electronics, computer, or software that utilized on-board algorithms for estimating the soil density and water content It is difficult to address an infinite variety of soils in this standard. This test method does not address the various types of soils on which the CIMI method may or may not be applicable. However, data presented in 12.1.1 provides a list of soil types that are applicable for the CIMI use. The procedures used to specify how data are collected, recorded, or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures prescribed in this standard do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design.1.1 Purpose and Application 1.1.1 This test method describes the procedure, equipment, and interpretation methods for estimating in-place soil dry density and water content using a Complex-Impedance Measuring Instrument (CIMI). 1.1.2 CIMI measurements as described in this Standard Test Method are applicable to measurements of compacted soils intended for roads and foundations. 1.1.3 This test method describes the procedure for estimating in-place density and water content of soils and soil-aggregates by use of a CIMI. The electrical properties of soil are measured using a radio frequency voltage applied to soil electrical probes driven into the soils and soil-aggregates to be tested, in a prescribed pattern and depth. Certain algorithms of these properties are related to wet density and water content. This correlation between electrical measurements, and density and water content is accomplished using a calibration methodology. In the calibration methodology, density and water content are determined by other ASTM Test Standards that measure soil density and water content, thereafter correlating the corresponding measured electrical properties to the soil physical properties. 1.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are mathematical conversions which are provided for information purposes only and are not considered standard. 1.1.5 All observed and calculated values shall confirm to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026 unless superseded by this standard. 1.2 Generalized Theory

Standard Test Method for In-Place Estimation of Density and Water Content of Soil and    Aggregate by Correlation with Complex Impedance Method

GOST R ISO 11465-2011 土质. 采用重量法对土质干物质和水含量的测定

Soil quality. Determination of dry matter and water content on a mass by gravimetric method

ASTM D7698-11a 通过复阻抗法系数对土壤和集料的密度及含水量进行现场估计的标准试验方法

The test method is a procedure for estimating in-place values of density and water content of soils and soil-aggregates based on electrical measurements. The test method may be used for quality control and acceptance testing of compacted soil and soil aggregate mixtures as used in construction and also for research and development. The minimal disturbance nature of the methodology allows repetitive measurements in a single test location and statistical analysis of the results. Limitations: This test method provides an overview of the CIMI measurement procedure using a controlling console connected to a soil sensor unit which applies 3.0 MHz radio frequency to an in-place soil via metallic probes are driven at a prescribed distance apart. This test method does not discuss the details of the CIMI electronics, computer, or software that utilize on-board algorithms for estimating the soil density and water content It is difficult to address an infinite variety of soils in this standard. This test method does not address the various types of soils on which the CIMI method may or may not be applicable. However, data presented in X3.1 provides a list of soil types that are applicable for the CIMI use. The procedures used to specify how data are collected, recorded, or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures prescribed in this standard do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design.1.1 Purpose and Application 1.1.1 This test method describes the procedure, equipment, and interpretation methods for estimating in-place soil dry density and water content using a Complex-Impedance Measuring Instrument (CIMI). 1.1.2 CIMI measurements as described in this Standard Test Method are applicable to measurements of compacted soils intended for roads and foundations. 1.1.3 This test method describes the procedure for estimating in-place density and water content of soils and soil-aggregates by use of a CIMI. The electrical properties of soil are measured using a radio frequency voltage applied to soil electrical probes driven into the soils and soil-aggregates to be tested, in a prescribed pattern and depth. Certain algorithms of these properties are related to wet density and water content. This correlation between electrical measurements, and density and water content is accomplished using a calibration methodology. In the calibration methodology, density and water content are determined by other ASTM Test Standards that measure soil density and water content, thereafter correlating the corresponding measured electrical properties to the soil physical properties. 1.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are mathematical conversions which are provided for information purposes only and are not considered standard. 1.1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026 unless superseded by this standard. 1.2 Generalized Theory

Standard Test Method for In-Place Estimation of Density and Water Content of Soil and Aggregate by Correlation with Complex Impedance Method

BS ISO 11277:2009 土质.矿质土材料中粒度分布的测定.筛分法和沉降法

Soil quality - Determination of particle size distribution in mineral soil material - Method by sieving and sedimentation

BS ISO 11277:2010 土质 矿质土材料中粒度分布的测定 筛分法和沉降法

Soil quality. Determination of particle size distribution in mineral soil material. Method by sieving and sedimentation

ASTM D6067-10 环境厂址表征用电子锥形透度计的标准使用指南

Environmental site characterization projects almost always require information regarding subsurface soil stratigraphy and hydraulic parameters related to ground water flow rate and direction. Soil stratigraphy often is determined by various drilling procedures and interpreting the data collected on borehole logs. The electronic piezocone penetrometer test is another means of determining soil stratigraphy that may be faster, less expensive, and provide greater resolution of the soil units than conventional drilling and sampling methods. For environmental site characterization applications, the electronic piezocone also has the additional advantage of not generating contaminated cuttings that may present other disposal problems (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 15). Investigators may obtain soil samples from adjacent borings for correlation purposes, but prior information or experience in the same area may preclude the need for borings (1). Most cone penetrometer rigs are equipped with direct push soil samplers (Guide D6282) that can be used to confirm soil types. The electronic piezocone penetration test is an in situ investigation method involving: Pushing an electronically instrumented probe into the ground (see Fig. 1 for a diagram of a typical cone penetrometer). The position of the pore pressure element may vary but is typically located in the u2 position (Test Method D5778). Recording force resistances, such as tip resistance, local friction, and pore water pressure. Data interpretation. The most common use of the interpreted data is stratigraphy based on soil behavior types. Several charts are available. A typical CPT soil behavior type classification chart is shown in Figs. 2 and 3 (9). The first step in determining the extent and motion of contaminants is to determine the subsurface stratigraphy. Since the contaminants will migrate with ground water flowing through the more permeable strata, it is impossible to characterize an environmental site without valid stratigraphy. Cone penetrometer data has been used as a stratigraphic tool for many years. The pore pressure channel of the cone can be used to determine the depth to the water table or to locate perched water zones. Hydraulic conductivity can be estimated based on soil behavior type (Figs. 4 and 5). These estimates span two to three orders of magnitude. Alternately, pore pressure data (4.5) can be used for refined estimates of hydraulic conductivity. When attempting to retrieve a soil gas or water sample, it is advantageous to know where the bearing zones (permeable zones) are located. Although soil gas and water can be retrieved from on-bearing zones such as clays, the length of time required usually makes it impractical. Soil gas and water samples can be retrieved much faster from permeable zones, such as sands. The cone penetrometer tip and friction data generally can identify and locate the bearing zones and nonbearing zones less than a foot thick very accurately. The electronic cone penetrometer test is used in a variety of soil types. Lightweight equipment with reaction weights of less than 10 tons generally are limited to soils with relatively small grain sizes. Typical depths obtained are 20 to 40 m, but depths to over 70 m with heavier equipment weighing 20 tons or more are not uncommon. Since penetration is a direct result of vertical forces and does not include rotation or drilling, it cannot be utilized in rock or heavily cemented soils. Depth capabilities are a function of many factors including:1.1 The electronic cone penetrometer test often is used to determine subsurface stratigr......

Standard Practice for Using the Electronic Piezocone Penetrometer Tests for Environmental Site Characterization

ASTM D7608-10 用扭矩环剪切试验法测定无预先存在的剪切面的斜坡上的粘性土壤(使用正常捣实的试样)的排水充分软化后的抗剪强度和非线性强度包线的标准试验方法

The ring shear apparatus maintains the cross-sectional area of the shear surface constant during shear and shears the specimen continuously in one rotational direction for any magnitude of displacement and along entire cross-sectional area. The ring shear apparatus allows a reconstituted specimen to be consolidated at the desired normal stress prior to drained shearing. This simulates the field conditions under which the fully softened strength develops in overconsolidated clays, claystones, mudstones, and shales because the fully softened strength corresponds to the peak shear strength of a normally consolidated clay. The ring shear test is suited to the relatively rapid determination of drained fully softened shear strength because of the short drainage path through the thin specimen and failure occurring near the top porous stone. The ring shear test minimizes the effect of initial disturbance that may result from adjusting/creating a gap before starting shearing, especially in the direct shear device. The test results are primarily applicable to assess the shear strength of overconsolidated soils for drained analysis in slopes that do not have a pre-existing shear surface, sheared bedding planes, joints, or faults. Note 18212;Notwithstanding the statements on precision and bias contained in this test method: The precision of this test method is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent testing. Users of this test method are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not ensure reliable testing. Reliable testing depends on several factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 This test method provides a procedure for performing a torsional ring shear test under a drained condition to determine the fully softened shear strength and nonlinear strength envelope of cohesive soils. The fully softened strength is used to evaluate the stability of slopes that do not have a preexisting shear surface. In addition, the fully softened shear strength corresponds to the peak shear strength of a normally consolidated specimen. This test method focuses on the use of a reconstituted specimen to measure the fully softened strength. This test method is performed by shearing a normally consolidated, reconstituted specimen at a controlled displacement rate until the peak shear resistance has been obtained. Generally, the drained fully softened failure envelope is determined at three or more effective normal stresses. A separate test specimen must be used for each normal stress to measure the fully softened strength otherwise a post-peak or even residual strength will be measured if the same specimen is used because of the existence of a shear surface. 1.2 The ring shear apparatus allows a reconstituted specimen to be normally consolidated at the desired normal stress prior to drained shearing. This simulates the field conditions under which the fully softened strength develops in overconsolidated clays, claystones, mudstones, and shales. 1.3 A shear stress-displacement relationship may be obtained from this test method. However, a shear stress-strain relationship or any associated quantity, such as modulus, cannot be determined from this test method because possible soil extrusion and volume change prevents defining the height needed in the shear strain calculations. As a result, shear strain cannot be calculated but s......

Standard Test Method for Torsional Ring Shear Test to Determine Drained Fully Softened Shear Strength and Nonlinear Strength Envelope of Cohesive Soils (Using Normally Consolidated Specimen) for Slopes with No Preexisting Shear Surfaces

ASTM D6938-10 核方法(浅深度)测定土壤和土集料的现场密度和含水率的标准试验方法

The test method described is useful as a rapid, nondestructive technique for in-place measurements of wet density and water content of soil and soil-aggregate and the determination of dry density. The test method is used for quality control and acceptance testing of compacted soil and soil-aggregate mixtures as used in construction and also for research and development. The nondestructive nature allows repetitive measurements at a single test location and statistical analysis of the results. Density8212;The fundamental assumptions inherent in the methods are that Compton scattering is the dominant interaction and that the material is homogeneous. Water Content8212;The fundamental assumptions inherent in the test method are that the hydrogen ions present in the soil or soil-aggregate are in the form of water as defined by the water content derived from Test Methods D2216, and that the material is homogeneous. (See 5.2) Note 18212;The quality of the result produced by this standard test method is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection, and the like. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors. 1.1 This test method describes the procedures for measuring in-place density and moisture of soil and soil-aggregate by use of nuclear equipment. The density of the material may be measured by direct transmission, backscatter, or backscatter/air-gap ratio methods. Measurements for water (moisture) content are taken at the surface in backscatter mode regardless of the mode being used for density. It is the intent of this subcommittee that this standard replace D2922 and D3017. 1.1.1 For limitations see Section 5 on Interferences. 1.2 The total or wet density of soil and soil-aggregate is measured by the attenuation of gamma radiation where, in direct transmission, the source is placed at a known depth up to 300 mm (12 in.) and the detector (s) remains on the surface (some gauges may reverse this orientation); or in backscatter or backscatter/air-gap the source and detector(s) both remain on the surface. 1.2.1 The density of the test sample in mass per unit volume is calculated by comparing the detected rate of gamma radiation with previously established calibration data. 1.2.2 The dry density of the test sample is obtained by subtracting the water mass per unit volume from the test sample wet density (Section 11). Most gauges display this value directly. 1.3 The gauge is calibrated to read the water mass per unit volume of soil or soil-aggregate. When divided by the density of water and then multiplied by 100, the water mass per unit volume is equivalent to the volumetric water content. The water mass per unit volume is determined by the thermalizing or slowing of fast neutrons by hydrogen, a component of water. The neutron source and the thermal neutron detector are both located at the surface of the material being tested. The wate......

Standard Test Method for In-Place Density and Water Content of Soil and Soil-Aggregate by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth)

DS/ISO 11277:2009 土壤质量 矿质土壤材料中粒度分布的测定 筛分和沉降法

This International Standard specifies a basic method of determining the particle size distribution applicable to a wide range of mineral soil materials, including the mineral fraction of organic soils. It also offers procedures to deal with the less common soils mentioned in the introduction. This International Standard has been developed largely for use in the field of environmental science, and its use in geotechnical investigations is something for which professional advice might be required.A major objective of this International Standard is the determination of enough size fractions to enable the construction of a reliable particle-size-distribution cu

Soil quality - Determination of particle size distribution in mineral soil material - Method by sieving and sedimentation

ISO 11277:2009 土壤质量.矿质土壤物质粒度分布的测定.筛分法和沉降法

This International Standard specifies a basic method of determining the particle size distribution applicable to a Wide range of mineral soil materials, including the mineral fraction of organic soils. lt also offers procedures to deal with the less common soils mentioned in the introduction. This International Standard has been developed largely for use in the field of environmental science, and its use in geotechnical investigations is something for which professional advice might be required. Amajor objective of this International Standard is the determination of enough size fractions to enable the construction of a reliable particle-size-distribution curve. This International Standard does not apply to the determination of the particle size distribution of the organic components of soil, ij.e. the more orless fragile, partially decomposed, remains of plants and animals. lt is also realized that the chemical pretreatments and mechanical handling stages in this International Standard could cause disintegration of weakly cohesive particles that, from field inspection,，might be regarded as primary particles, even though such primary particles could be better described as aggregates. f such disintegration is undesirable, then this International Standard is not used for the determination of the particle Size distribution of Such weakly cohesive materials.

Soil quality - Determination of particle size distribution in mineral soil material - Method by sieving and sedimentation