83.040.20 (Rubber compounding ingredients) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D5377-93(2012) 橡胶配料的标准分类.底煤

Ground coal is commonly used as an inexpensive filler in rubber compounds as a direct or partial replacement for carbon black or as a diluent in the compound. Ground coal is very compatible with most rubbers and is very easily mixed into the compound.1.1 This classification covers the compounding material known as ground coal. It is generally used in rubber compounds as a filler. 1.2 There are three grades of ground coal based on particle size, ash, and moisture. The selected values for these properties are suitable for use in a rubber compound.

Standard Classification for Rubber Compounding Materialsmdash;Ground Coal

ASTM D1799-93(1997) 炭黑抽样包装装运的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers the sampling of bagged, cartoned, or otherwise packaged shipments of carbon blacks. Note 1-The tests to be made on the samples obtained by this practice shall be determined by the producer and the consumer. The specific details of each test method are described in appropriate ASTM methods used for testing carbon black. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Carbon Black-Sampling Packaged Shipments

ASTM D5377-93(2002) 橡胶配料的标准分类.底煤

1.1 This classification covers the compounding material known as ground coal. It is generally used in rubber compounds as a filler. 1.2 There are three grades of ground coal based on particle size, ash, and moisture. The selected values for these properties are suitable for use in a rubber compound.

Standard Classification for Rubber Compounding Materials8212;Ground Coal

ASTM D5377-93(2007) 橡胶配料的标准分类.底煤

Ground coal is commonly used as an inexpensive filler in rubber compounds as a direct or partial replacement for carbon black or as a diluent in the compound. Ground coal is very compatible with most rubbers and is very easily mixed into the compound.1.1 This classification covers the compounding material known as ground coal. It is generally used in rubber compounds as a filler. 1.2 There are three grades of ground coal based on particle size, ash, and moisture. The selected values for these properties are suitable for use in a rubber compound.

Standard Classification for Rubber Compounding Materialsx2014;Ground Coal

ASTM D5376-93(2002) 橡胶化学品的标准试验方法.橡胶抗氧剂中氮含量的测定:聚合TMQ

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the nitrogen content of polymerized 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline (TMQ). It is based on a potentiometric titration of an acetone solution of TMQ with perchloric acid in acetic acid.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 9.

Standard Test Method for Rubber Chemicals8212;Determination of the Percent Nitrogen in Rubber Antioxidant : Polymerized TMQ

ASTM D1992-91(2013) 橡胶用合成增塑剂试验的标准指南

3.1 Synthetic plasticizers are primarily esters and they are used with the more polar elastomers such as CR or NBR to improve processing, adjust hardness, and improve low temperature properties. These esters may be either monomeric or polymeric and are derived from many different organic acids. 3.2 These test methods may be used in establishing and confirming quality control standards for the synthetic plasticizers used in rubber compounding. It is not implied that the test methods in this guide are the only ones of significance, but these test methods list the properties most commonly specified for ester plasticizers. Other parameters may be needed for specific application of these materials. 1.1 This guide covers test methods for synthetic plasticizers that are used in rubber applications. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Testing Synthetic Plasticizers Used in Rubber

ASTM D1992-91(2006) 橡胶用合成增塑剂试验

Synthetic plasticizers are primarily esters and they are used with the more polar elastomers such as CR or NBR to improve processing, adjust hardness, and improve low temperature properties. These esters may be either monomeric or polymeric and are derived from many different organic acids. These test methods may be used in establishing and confirming quality control standards for the synthetic plasticizers used in rubber compounding. It is not implied that the test methods in this guide are the only ones of significance, but these test methods list the properties most commonly specified for ester plasticizers. Other parameters may be needed for specific application of these materials.1.1 This guide covers test methods for synthetic plasticizers that are used in rubber applications.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Testing Synthetic Plasticizers Used in Rubber

ASTM D1992-91(2012) 橡胶用合成增塑剂试验的标准指南

Synthetic plasticizers are primarily esters and they are used with the more polar elastomers such as CR or NBR to improve processing, adjust hardness, and improve low temperature properties. These esters may be either monomeric or polymeric and are derived from many different organic acids. These test methods may be used in establishing and confirming quality control standards for the synthetic plasticizers used in rubber compounding. It is not implied that the test methods in this guide are the only ones of significance, but these test methods list the properties most commonly specified for ester plasticizers. Other parameters may be needed for specific application of these materials.1.1 This guide covers test methods for synthetic plasticizers that are used in rubber applications. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Testing Synthetic Plasticizers Used in Rubber

ASTM D1992-91(2001) 橡胶用合成增塑剂试验

1.1 This guide covers test methods for synthetic plasticizers that are used in rubber applications. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Testing Synthetic Plasticizers Used in Rubber

ASTM D4295-89(2012) 橡胶配料-氧化锌的标准分类

Zinc oxide is an important rubber compounding material. It is used to activate the organic accelerators to increase the rate of vulcanization and to enhance physical properties. It is also a vulcanizing agent for halogen-containing elastomers.1.1 This classification system covers the compounding material commercially known as zinc oxide. The types of zinc oxide used in the rubber industry are related to the production process used. Typical chemical and physical properties are included.

Standard Classification for Rubber Compounding Materialsmdash;Zinc Oxide

ASTM D4818-89(2005) 橡胶化合材料的分类.硫化加速剂

1.1 This classification covers vulcanization accelerators and defines their important chemical and physical characteristics. The properties outlined herein are useful for quality control; they can frequently be directly or indirectly related to the performance characteristics in rubber compounds.1.2 Test Methods D 1519, D 4571, D 4572 and D 4574, for measurement of these properties, are not yet adapted for the vulcanization accelerators. Draft methods are being developed and will be submitted through Subcommittee D11.11 for processing and approval. A discussion of the reasons for determining these properties is contained in Section .6

Standard Classification for Rubber Compounding Materials-Vulcanization Accelerators

ASTM D4818-89(2012) 橡胶配料的标准分类.硫化加速剂

Class 1, Sulfenamides: As a group, the 2-benzothiazyl sulfenamides are the principle sulfur vulcanization accelerators used in the rubber industry today. The role of these materials in vulcanization is dual. They provide scorch time (delay period) in the crosslinking or vulcanization operation at processing temperatures. The delay avoids premature crosslinking during the processing, for example, mixing, extrusion, etc. Once the mixed rubber is at the curing temperature, these materials promote a rapid rate of curing (crosslinking, vulcanization). The presence of certain impurities in this class of materials can affect their performance characteristics. The 2-benzothiazyl sulfenamides are subject to degradation on extended storage. Significance degradation can affect their performance characteristics. In particular, the quality of the material is a function of storage time, temperature, relative humidity, and the impurity profile of the material; for example, free amines, salts of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, etc. Since sulfenamide degradation in storage is an autocatalytic process (degradation products accelerate further degradation), significant degradation may only occur after a long induction period. Class 2, Thiazoles8212;Thiazole derivatives are versatile vulcanization accelerators that are widely used in the rubber industry either alone or in combination with other accelerators. Class 3, Guanidines8212;The guanidines have little importance as primary vulcanization accelerators, except for thick-sectioned goods, because of a typically slow vulcanization rate. As secondary accelerators they are used with other accelerators of the thiazole class. These resulting combinations vulcanize faster and give higher levels of vulcanization than do their individual constituents when used separately. The thiazole-guanidine combinations are frequently used for technical rubber goods. Class 4, Dithiocarbamates8212;Vulcanization with dithiocarbamates is faster than with thiurams. Dithiocarbamates are used as ultra accelerators with normal sulfur levels. They are also employed as secondaries or activators for other accelerators. Class 5, Thiurams (disulfides)8212;Thiuram disulfide accelerators are used for vulcanization without elemental sulfur to produce rubber compounds that show essentially no reversion and that have low compression set and good aging characteristics. For low sulfur vulcanization, thiurams are normally used in combination with sulfenamides. With a normal amount of sulfur, thiurams act as ultra accelerators. Class 6, Thiurams (other than disulfides)8212;This class contains other thiuram types that are not disulfides. They are used as ultra accelerators with normal amounts of sulfur. Di, tetra, and hexasulfides can be employed without sulfur or with low sulfur levels to obtain rubber compounds with much reduced reversion tendencies. The chemical or physical characteristics, or both, of these materials may affect their use as vulcanization accelerators.1.1 This classification covers vulcanization accelerators and defines their important chemical and physical characteristics. The properties outlined herein are useful for quality control; they can frequently be directly or indirectly related to the performance characteristics in rubber compounds. 1.2 Test Methods D1519, D4571,

Standard Classification for Rubber Compounding Materialsmdash;Vulcanization Accelerators

ASTM D4295-89(1999) 橡胶复合材料的标准分类氧化锌

1.1 This classification system covers the compounding material commercially known as zinc oxide. The types of zinc oxide used in the rubber industry are related to the production process used. Typical chemical and physical properties are included.

Standard Classification for Rubber Compounding Materials-Zinc Oxide

ASTM D4578-89(2002) 橡胶化学品的标准试验方法.用溶剂萃取法测定不溶性硫的百分比

1.1 These test methods provide for the determination of solvent insoluble materials in a sulfur sample. The two test methods available are: (1) Test Method A, Extraction by Carbon Disulfide, and (2) Test Method B, Extraction by Toluene. If there are no other solvent insoluble materials present in the sulfur, these test methods determine the insoluble sulfur content directly. If other materials are also present, additional testing is necessary to identify what portion of the insolubles is insoluble sulfur.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see 5.1.

Standard Test Methods for Rubber Chemicals8212;Determination of Percent Insoluble Sulfur by Solvent Extraction

ASTM D4569-89(1998) 橡胶复合材料的标准试验方法硫中酸度的测定

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the acid material, which disassociates in distilled water, that is present in sulfur. The acidity is determined by an electrometric or visual titration. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Rubber Chemicals-Determination of Acidity in Sulfur

ASTM D4817-88(1999) 硬脂酸橡胶复合材料的标准分类

1.1 This classification covers the compounding materials commercially known as stearic acid. 1.2 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Classification for Rubber Compounding Materials-Stearic Acid

ASTM D4528-88(2007) 橡胶配料的标准分类:硫

Sulfur is one of the principal rubber vulcanizing agents. It is a critical additive. When chemically combined with rubber, sulfur develops basic performance properties in the vulcanized compound such as: tensile strength, elongation, modulus, and hardness. In soft or elastic rubber compounds, sulfur is an essential but minor additive. In semi-hard rubber and ebonite, sulfur becomes a major compounding material while retaining its role as a vulcanizing agent. The most stable molecular form of sulfur at ambient conditions is a ring structure containing eight sulfur atoms. Depending on conditions these molecules orient into one of two crystalline structures. At room temperature the crystals are rhombic and above 95°C they rearrange to monoclinic. Less than 1.5 % of either crystalline structure of sulfur is soluble in any rubber at room temperature. The second common molecular form of sulfur is polymeric sulfur, made up of unbranched chains of sulfur atoms. It is commonly referred to in the rubber industry as insoluble sulfur. When this material is created by rapid heating to above 160°C and quenching to room temperature, the sulfur is amorphous. If formed under other conditions, the polymer chains may develop regions of pseudo crystallinity. Insoluble sulfur is an important form of sulfur used only in the rubber industry. It is not soluble in any type of rubber hydrocarbon. When it is mixed in rubber, it disperses but remains undissolved in the rubber. The use of insoluble sulfur prevents the development of a supersaturated solution of sulfur in rubber that occurs when rhombic sulfur is used. No sulfur bloom will develop on the surface of uncured rubber pieces when the rubber cools after mixing or processing; therefore, building tack is preserved. At curing temperatures, insoluble sulfur rapidly transforms to a soluble species, dissolves in the rubber, and enters into the vulcanization process.1.1 This classification covers the variety of sulfur grades used in the rubber industry. Typical chemical and physical properties for sulfur are shown. Sulfur is principally used in unsaturated rubbers as a vulcanizing agent.

Standard Classification for Rubber Compounding Materialsx2014;Sulfur

ASTM D4528-88(2012) 橡胶配料的标准分类.硫

Sulfur is one of the principal rubber vulcanizing agents. It is a critical additive. When chemically combined with rubber, sulfur develops basic performance properties in the vulcanized compound such as: tensile strength, elongation, modulus, and hardness. In soft or elastic rubber compounds, sulfur is an essential but minor additive. In semi-hard rubber and ebonite, sulfur becomes a major compounding material while retaining its role as a vulcanizing agent. The most stable molecular form of sulfur at ambient conditions is a ring structure containing eight sulfur atoms. Depending on conditions these molecules orient into one of two crystalline structures. At room temperature the crystals are rhombic and above 95°C they rearrange to monoclinic. Less than 1.5 % of either crystalline structure of sulfur is soluble in any rubber at room temperature. The second common molecular form of sulfur is polymeric sulfur, made up of unbranched chains of sulfur atoms. It is commonly referred to in the rubber industry as insoluble sulfur. When this material is created by rapid heating to above 160°C and quenching to room temperature, the sulfur is amorphous. If formed under other conditions, the polymer chains may develop regions of pseudo crystallinity. Insoluble sulfur is an important form of sulfur used only in the rubber industry. It is not soluble in any type of rubber hydrocarbon. When it is mixed in rubber, it disperses but remains undissolved in the rubber. The use of insoluble sulfur prevents the development of a supersaturated solution of sulfur in rubber that occurs when rhombic sulfur is used. No sulfur bloom will develop on the surface of uncured rubber pieces when the rubber cools after mixing or processing; therefore, building tack is preserved. At curing temperatures, insoluble sulfur rapidly transforms to a soluble species, dissolves in the rubber, and enters into the vulcanization process.1.1 This classification covers the variety of sulfur grades used in the rubber industry. Typical chemical and physical properties for sulfur are shown. Sulfur is principally used in unsaturated rubbers as a vulcanizing agent.

Standard Classification for Rubber Compounding Materialsmdash;Sulfur

ASTM D4817-88(2012) 橡胶配料的标准分类.硬脂酸

Stearic acid is important in the rubber vulcanization process. It is believed that the stearic acid reacts with zinc-oxide or other metallic oxides, during vulcanization, to form a rubber soluble salt or soap, that reacts with the accelerator enabling it to exert its full effect. Stearic acid of commerce is generally a mixture of palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids usually derived from tallow base stock but can be derived from other fats and oils of animal or vegetable origins.1.1 This classification covers the compounding materials commercially known as stearic acid. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Classification for Rubber Compounding Materialsmdash;Stearic Acid

ASTM D4817-88(2005) 橡胶化合材料的分类.硬质酸

Stearic acid is important in the rubber vulcanization process. It is believed that the stearic acid reacts with zinc-oxide or other metallic oxides, during vulcanization, to form a rubber soluble salt or soap, that reacts with the accelerator enabling it to exert its full effect. Stearic acid of commerce is generally a mixture of palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids usually derived from tallow base stock but can be derived from other fats and oils of animal or vegetable origins.1.1 This classification covers the compounding materials commercially known as stearic acid.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Classification for Rubber Compounding Materials-Stearic Acid