粒子测速仪LaVisionFlowMaster-Micro 高速抛射体穿透沙层的实验研究

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The dynamics associated with a long rod projectile, travelling at high velocity, penetrating a
heterogeneous target has long been an active research area. Historically both analytic and
numeric models have assumed a continuous target medium in order to predict the performance of the penetrator-target system, even in cases where the target is composed of concrete, foam or a granular porous medium such as sand. Continuum models fail to capture the complicated grain level response within the heterogeneous target which can result in asymmetric loading of the projectile leading to variations in projectile performance. In this work a series of experiments were conducted in order to investigate the penetration dynamics of loose sand, specifically with a goal of building a better understanding of the grain level dynamics. High speed photography coupled with a particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique were used to capture both the grain level and bulk response of the penetration event. Experiments were conducted over a velocity range of 30 to 100 m/s using both cylindrical and spherical projectiles. The results indicate that variations in the projectile size and shape effect cavity formation and that cavity formation occurs nearly 25 times slower than the projectile velocity.

     FlowMaster 显微PIV系统设计用来测量微米级空间分辨率下示踪颗粒速度场。它利用粒子成像测速原理，将常规 PIV 应用拓展到微尺度范围。
     系统采用双脉冲Nd:YAG激光作为光源，通过大数值孔径光圈荧光显微镜聚焦到微流动模型上。微流动采用荧光颗粒作为示踪物，通过显微镜采集到的颗粒散射光的波长比入射光波长要长。由于波长不同，这个光波信号通过一个滤波透镜与入射光分离开，并由FlowMaster系列相机拍摄下来。双曝光产生的颗粒图像，经过高级精密的PIV算法处理后获得微尺度流场的速度场结果。
 系统主要参数指标：
 1. 速度场测试范围：100微米至宏观尺度
 2. 典型应用所需显微物镜放大倍率：5X至40X
 3. 显微物镜类型：平场长工作距离荧光物镜。
 4. 标配CCD相机灵敏度：65 % @ 500 nm
 5. 标配CCD相机分辨率：1376 x1040 像素
 6. 典型情况下的测量速度上限：采用5X显微物镜，双帧时间间隔为500纳秒，则测量速度上限约为20米/秒。
 7. 显微镜主体可选正置和倒置两种型号。
 8. 速度场分析精度：可达0.1像素。
 
 
       

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