ROCK1基因编码的功能和结构描述

该基因编码一种蛋白丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶，当与GTP结合的Rho结合时激活。小gtpase rho通过穿梭于活性gtp结合型和非活性gdp结合型之间，调节成纤维细胞局部粘附和应力纤维的形成，以及血小板和淋巴细胞的粘附和聚集。rho在胞质分裂中也是必需的，并且在血清应答因子的转录激活中起作用。这种蛋白是rho的下游效应物，它磷酸化并激活lim激酶，lim激酶反过来磷酸化cofilin，抑制其肌动蛋白解聚活性。与此基因相关的假基因也位于18号染色体上。

This gene encodes a protein serine/threonine kinase that is activated when bound to the GTP-bound form of Rho. The small GTPase Rho regulates formation of focal adhesions and stress fibers of fibroblasts, as well as adhesion and aggregation of platelets and lymphocytes by shuttling between the inactive GDP-bound form and the active GTP-bound form. Rho is also essential in cytokinesis and plays a role in transcriptional activation by serum response factor. This protein, a downstream effector of Rho, phosphorylates and activates LIM kinase, which in turn, phosphorylates cofilin, inhibiting its actin-depolymerizing activity. A pseudogene, related to this gene, is also located on chromosome 18.