This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the gross calorific value of sludge at
constant volume and at the reference temperature 25 ~C in a bomb calorimeter calibrated by combustion of
certified benzoic acid.
The result obtained is the gross calorific value of the sample at constant volume with both the water of the
combustion products and the moisture of the sludge as liquid water. In practice, sludges are burned at
constant (atmospheric) pressure and the water is not condensed but is removed as vapour with the flue
gases. Under these conditions, the operative heat of combustion to be used is the net calorific value of the
fuel at constant pressure. In this European Standard the net calorific value at constant volume is described as
it requires less additional determinations.
This method is applicable to all kinds of sludges.