07.100.99 有关微生物学的其他标准 标准查询与下载

ASTM D8068-18 用惯性撞击系统在琼脂板上收集可培养的气载真菌或细菌的标准实施规程

Standard Practice for Collection of Culturable Airborne Fungi or Bacteria on Agar Plates by Inertial Impaction Systems

ASTM E2839-18 生产和储存C孢子的标准实施规程 难辨药用于抗菌药物疗效评估

Standard Practice for Production and Storage of Spores of C. difficile for Use in Efficacy Evaluation of Antimicrobial Agents

ASTM E2564-18 用直接显微镜计数法（DMC）计数金属加工液中分枝杆菌的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice describes a direct microscopic counting method (DMC) for the enumeration of the acid-fast stained mycobacteria population in metalworking fluids. It can be used to detect levels of total mycobacteria population, including culturable as well as non-culturable (possibly dead or moribund) bacterial cells. This practice is recommended for all water-based metalworking fluids (Classification D2881). 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For additional safety information, see Laboratory Safety: Principle and Practices, 4th Edition.2 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Practice for Enumeration of Mycobacteria in Metalworking Fluids by Direct Microscopic Counting (DMC) Method

ASTM E2800-11(2017) 用于参考材料的芽孢杆菌悬浮液的表征的标准实践

1.1 This practice is focused on two basic measurements to characterize Bacillus reference materials, the enumeration of spores using growth of colonies on nutrient media and using phase contrast microscopy to determine spore quality and homogeneity. Additional information on advanced methods for characterization is provided in Appendix X1. 1.2 This document will provide the user with recommendations for measurement methods, and the details and conditions that should be employed to ensure reliable and high-quality data are obtained. The practice will help ensure that results obtained from the characterization are reported in a uniform manner. This will allow others to replicate the measurements and facilitate the comparison of different lots of Bacillus spore suspensions used as reference materials. It is important to note that the Bacillus species are a heterogeneous group and their specific requirements for growth and sporulation may vary. Users of this practice are encouraged to consult the literature for specific information on the species of Bacillus bacteria they are using (1).2 1.3 This standard practice does not provide guidance for the identification of unknown species of bacteria. The identification of Bacillus species has been traditionally based on colony morphology, growth on selective media, and biochemical tests, but more recently nucleic acid technologies have enabled the phylogenetic analysis of this group based on 16S DNA sequence similarities (1). 1.4 Some Bacillus spp. are pathogenic to humans and animals and the user is advised to adhere to safe laboratory procedures and practices for handling spores from these species (2). This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use (2). 1.5 This practice assumes a basic knowledge of microbiology and molecular biology and access to the cited references. 1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E54 on Homeland Security Applications and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E54.01 on CBRNE Sensors and Detectors. Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2017. Published October 2017. Originally approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as E2800 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/E2800-11R17. 2 The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of this standard. Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 1 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Practice for Characterization of Bacillus Spore Suspensions for Reference Materials

ASTM E2897-12(2017) 使用离体猪皮肤评价手部卫生防护用品的有效性的标准指南

1.1 This guide is designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of hand hygiene topical antimicrobial products using pigskin as a surrogate model. 1.2 Knowledge of microbiological techniques is required for these procedures. 1.3 This standard guide can be used to evaluate topical antimicrobial handwash or handrub formulations. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Guide for Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Hand Hygiene Topical Antimicrobial Products using ex vivo Porcine Skin

ASTM D7391-17 通过光学显微镜对惯性冲击样品中的空载真菌结构进行分类和定量的标准测试方法

Standard Test Method for Categorization and Quantification of Airborne Fungal Structures in an Inertial Impaction Sample by Optical Microscopy

ASTM D7391-17e1 通过光学显微镜对惯性冲击样品中的空载真菌结构进行分类和定量的标准测试方法

1.1 This test method is a procedure that uses direct microscopy to analyze the deposit on an inertial impaction sample. 1.2 This test method describes procedures for categorizing and enumerating fungal structures by morphological type. Typically, categories may be as small as genus (for example, Cladosporium) or as large as phylum (for example, basidiospores). 1.3 This test method contains two procedures for enumerating fungal structures: one for slit impaction samples and one for circular impaction samples. This test method is applicable for impaction air samples, for which a known volume of air (at a rate as recommended by the manufacturer) has been drawn, and is also applicable for blank impaction samples. 1.4 Enumeration results are presented in fungal structures/ sample (fs/sample) and fungal structures/m3 (fs/m3 ). 1.5 The range of enumeration results that can be determined with this test method depends on the size of the spores on the sample trace, the amount of particulate matter on the sample trace, the percentage of the sample trace counted, and the volume of air sampled. 1.6 This test method addresses only the analysis of samples. The sampling process and interpretation of results is outside the scope of this test method. 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Categorization and Quantification of Airborne Fungal Structures in an Inertial Impaction Sample by Optical Microscopy

ASTM D7658-17 从胶带直接显微镜观察真菌结构的标准测试方法

1.1 This test method uses optical microscopy for the detection, semi-quantification, and identification of fungal structures in tape lift preparations. 1.2 This test method describes the preparation techniques for tape-lift matrices, the procedure for confirming the presence of fungal structures, and the reporting of observed fungal structures 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Direct Microscopy of Fungal Structures from Tape

ASTM E2471-05(2016) 使用种子 - 琼脂筛选评估地毯中抗菌活性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method is designed to evaluate (qualitatively) the presence of antimicrobial activity in or on carpets. Use this test method to qualitatively evaluate both antibacterial and antifungal activity. 1.2 Use half strength (nutrient and agar) tryptic soy agar as the inoculum vehicle for bacteria and half strength potato dextrose agar as the inoculum vehicle for mold conidia. Use of half strength agars may reduce undue neutralization of an antimicrobial due to excessive organic load. 1.3 This test method simultaneously evaluates (both visual and stereo-microscopic) antimicrobial activity both at the fiber layer and at the primary backing layer of carpet. 1.4 Use this test method to assess the durability of the antimicrobial treatments on new carpets, and on those repeatedly shampooed or exposed to in-use conditions. 1.5 Knowledge of microbiological techniques is required for the practice of this test method. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Using Seeded-Agar for the Screening Assessment of Antimicrobial Activity In Carpets

ASTM D7463-16 燃料, 燃料/水混合物和燃料相关水中微生物三磷酸腺苷 (ATP) 含量的标准试验方法

5.1 This test method measures the concentration of ATP present in the sample. ATP is a constituent of all living cells including bacteria and fungi. Consequently, the presence of ATP is a reliable indicator of microbial contamination in fuel systems. ATP is not associated with matter of non-biological origin. 5.2 This test method differs from Test Method D4012 as follows: 5.2.1 By providing for the rapid determination of ATP present in a fuel (petroleum) sample, a fuel and water mixture sample, fuel-associated bottom water sample, and extracellular ATP freely available in the fuel or aqueous sample matrix; 5.2.2 By providing for a method to capture, extract, and quantify ATP using self-contained test device and luminometer; 5.2.3 By providing a method of quantifying ATP present in fuel or water matrices in generally less than 10 min; and 5.2.4 By providing for the rapid separation of the ATP from chemical interferences that have previously prevented the use of ATP determinations in complex fluids containing hydrocarbons and other organic molecules. 5.3 This test method does not require the use of hazardous materials and does not generate biohazard waste. 5.4 This test method can be used to estimate viable microbial biomass, to evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial pesticides, and to monitor microbial contamination in fuel storage and distribution systems. 1.1 This test method provides a protocol for capturing, concentrating, and testing the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) present in a fuel system sub-sample (that is, test specimen) associated with: 1.1.1 Microorganisms and hydrophilic particles found in liquid fuels as described in Table X6.1, or 1.1.2 Microorganisms and hydrophilic particles found in mixture of fuel and associated bottom water or just associated bottom water. 1.1.3 ATP detected by this bioluminescence test can be derived from cellular ATP, extra-cellular ATP, or some combination of both. 1.1.4 Cellular and extra-cellular ATP utilized to perform ATP bioluminescence are captured and concentrated from a fuel system sample into an aqueous test specimen (that is, sub-sample) for testing. For example, for a fuel system sample that does not contain any visible fuel associated bottom water, the aqueous test specimen is the capture solution itself described in 8.2.1.1. For fuel system samples that are a mixture of fuel and associated bottom water (that is, free water), the test specimen is an aliquant of the capture solution and associated bottom water.

Standard Test Method for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content of Microorganisms in Fuel, Fuel/Water Mixtures, and Fuel Associated Water

GSO ISO 10718:2015 软木塞 计算能够在酒精培养基中生长的酵母、真菌和细菌的菌落形成单位

  Scope is not provided for this standard

Cork stoppers -- Enumeration of colony-forming units of yeasts, moulds and bacteria capable of growth in an alcoholic medium

GSO ISO 17516:2015 化妆品 微生物学 微生物学前沿

ISO 17516:2014 is applicable for all cosmetics and assists interested parties in the assessment of the microbiological quality of the products. Microbiological testing does not need to be performed on those products considered to be microbiologically low risk.

Cosmetics -- Microbiology -- Microbiological limits

ASTM D7463-15 燃料、燃料/水混合物和燃料相关水中微生物三磷酸腺苷（ATP）含量的标准试验方法

5.1 This test method measures the concentration of ATP present in the sample. ATP is a constituent of all living cells including bacteria and fungi. Consequently, the presence of ATP is a reliable indicator of microbial contamination in fuel systems. ATP is not associated with matter of non-biological origin. 5.2 This test method differs from Test Method D4012 as follows: 5.2.1 By providing for the rapid determination of ATP present in a fuel (petroleum) sample, a fuel and water mixture sample, fuel-associated bottom water sample, and extracellular ATP freely available in the fuel or aqueous sample matrix; 5.2.2 By providing for a method to capture, extract, and quantify ATP using self-contained test device and luminometer; 5.2.3 By providing a method of quantifying ATP present in fuel or water matrices in generally less than 10 min; and 5.2.4 By providing for the rapid separation of the ATP from chemical interferences that have previously prevented the use of ATP determinations in complex fluids containing hydrocarbons and other organic molecules. 5.3 This test method does not require the use of hazardous materials and does not generate biohazard waste. 5.4 This test method can be used to estimate viable microbial biomass, to evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial pesticides, and to monitor microbial contamination in fuel storage and distribution systems. 1.1 This test method provides a protocol for capturing, concentrating, and testing the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) present in a fuel system sub-sample (that is, test specimen) associated with: 1.1.1 Microorganisms and hydrophilic particles found in liquid fuels as described in Table X6.1, or 1.1.2 Microorganisms and hydrophilic particles found in mixture of fuel and associated bottom water or just associated bottom water. 1.1.3 ATP detected by this bioluminescence test can be derived from cellular ATP, extra-cellular ATP, or some combination of both. 1.1.4 Cellular and extra-cellular ATP utilized to perform ATP bioluminescence are captured and concentrated from a fuel system sample into an aqueous test specimen (that is, sub-sample) for testing. For example, for a fuel system sample that does not contain any visible fuel associated bottom water, the aqueous test specimen is the capture solution itself described in 8.2.1.1. For fuel system samples that are a mixture of fuel and associated bottom water (that is, free water), the test specimen is an aliquant of the capture solution and associated bottom water.

Standard Test Method for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content of Microorganisms in Fuel, Fuel/Water Mixtures, and Fuel Associated Water

GSO ISO 846:2015 塑料 微生物作用的评价

This International Standard specifies methods for determining the deterioration of plastics due to the action of fungi and bacteria and soil microorganisms. The aim is not to determine the biodegradability of plastics. The type and extent of deterioration may be determined by a) visual examination and/or b) changes in mass and/or c) changes in other physical properties. The tests are applicable to all articles made of plastic that have an even surface and that can thus be easily cleaned. The exceptions are porous materials, such as plastic foams. This International Standard uses the same test fungi as IEC 68-2-10. The IEC method, which uses so-called "assembled specimens", calls for inoculation of the specimens with a spore suspension, incubation of the inoculated specimens and assessment of the fungal growth as well as any physical attack on the specimens. The volume of testing and the test strains used will depend on the application envisaged for the plastic. These parameters should therefore be agreed upon before the tests and should be stated in the test report.

Plastics -- Evaluation of the action of microorganisms

GSO ISO 8784-1:2015 纸、纸板和纸浆微生物学检验 第1部分：基于崩解法的细菌和细菌芽孢总数计数

This part of ISO 8784 specifies a method for determining the total number of colony-forming units of bacteria and bacterial spores in dry market pulp, paper, and paperboard after disintegration. The enumeration relates to specific media.

Pulp, paper and board -- Microbiological examination -- Part 1: Enumeration of bacteria and bacterial spores based on disintegration

ASTM D6329-98(2015) 开发用于评估室内材料使用静态环境室支持微生物生长能力的方法的标准指南

1.1 Many different types of microorganisms (for example, bacteria, fungi, viruses, algae) can occupy indoor spaces. Materials that support microbial growth are potential indoor sources of biocontaminants (for example, spores and toxins) that can become airborne indoor biopollutants. This guide describes a simple, relatively cost effective approach to evaluating the ability of a variety of materials to support microbial growth using a small chamber method. 1.2 This guide is intended to assist groups in the development of specific test methods for a definite material or groups of materials. 1.3 Static chambers have certain limitations. Usually, only small samples of indoor materials can be evaluated. Care must be taken that these samples are representative of the materials being tested so that a true evaluation of the material is performed. 1.4 Static chambers provide controlled laboratory microenvironment conditions. These chambers are not intended to duplicate room conditions, and care must be taken when interpreting the results. Static chambers are not a substitute for dynamic chambers or field studies. 1.5 A variety of microorganisms, specifically bacteria and fungi, can be evaluated using these chambers. This guide is not intended to provide human health effect data. However, organisms of clinical interest, such as those described as potentially allergenic, may be studied using this approach. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Developing Methodology for Evaluating the Ability of Indoor Materials to Support Microbial Growth Using Static Environmental Chambers

ASTM E1428-15a 评价聚合物固体中或聚合物固体上抗微生物性能的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method is intended to assess susceptibility of flat two dimensional vinyl films and other solid polymer products as well as products that may directly contact vinyl to pink-staining by the actinomycete bacteria Streptomyces species. This test method may not be suitable for highly textured or porous substrates. 1.2 This test method is not suitable for evaluating darkpigmented test samples. 1.3 A knowledge of microbiological techniques is recommended for these procedures. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Performance of Antimicrobials in or on Polymeric Solids Against Staining by Streptomyce species (A Pink Stain Organism)

ASTM E2967-15 使用刮水器评估预润湿毛巾去除和转移硬 非多孔环境表面细菌污染的能力的标准测试方法

5.1 Microbial decontamination of environmental surfaces by wiping is subject to many variables (4), and failure to standardize them properly during testing of towelettes may give inconsistent test data. (See Practice E2362 and Test Method E2896.) In particular, precise control of the pressure applied during wiping, the normally brief wiping times of a few seconds as well as the style and number of wiping strokes are difficult without a programmable mechanical device. The Wiperator has been designed and tested with these crucial factors in mind. The method described here is to assess the role of wiping in ridding non-porous environmental surfaces of bacterial contamination using prewetted towelettes, and also to determine if the used towelette can transfer viable contamination to clean surfaces on contact. 1.1 This standard is designed for use with a mechanized device (the Wiperator; Appendix X1) to test pre-wetted towelettes. 1.2 Two species of vegetative bacteria, one Gram-positive coccus (Staphylococcus aureus) and one Gram-negative bacillus (Acinetobacter baumannii), representing important nosocomial pathogens, are used to separately contaminate disks of magnetized and brushed stainless steel in order to test the towelettes for their relative ability to: 1.2.1 Decontaminate non-porous environmental surfaces experimentally-contaminated with vegetative bacteria; and 1.2.2 Transfer any acquired bacterial contamination on the towelettes to clean surfaces. 1.3 This test method is not meant for use with towelettes for decontamination of skin. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses, if any, are for information only. 1.5 This test method should be performed by persons with training in microbiology in facilities designed and equipped for work with infectious agents at the appropriate biosafety level. 1.6 It is the responsibility of the investigator to determine whether Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) regulations are required and to follow them where appropriate. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Assessing the Ability of Pre-wetted Towelettes to Remove and Transfer Bacterial Contamination on Hard, Non-Porous Environmental Surfaces Using the Wiperator

KS M ISO 846:2014 塑料 微生物作用评估

Plastics — Evaluation of the action of microorganisms

ASTM D7463-14a 三磷酸腺苷40的标准试验方法；ATP和#41；燃料、燃料/水混合物和燃料相关水中的微生物含量

Standard Test Method for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content of Microorganisms in Fuel, Fuel/Water Mixtures, and Fuel Associated Water