17.180.01 光学和光学测量综合 标准查询与下载

ASTM F1165-10 测定透明部件中的多重图像的角位移的标准试验方法

With the advent of thick, highly angled aircraft transparencies, multiple imaging has been more frequently cited as an optical problem by pilots. Secondary images (of outside lights), often varying in intensity and displacement across the windscreen, can give the pilot deceptive optical cues of his altitude, velocity, and approach angle, increasing his visual workload. Current specifications for multiple imaging in transparencies are vague and not quantitative. Typical specifications state “multiple imaging shall not be objectionable.” The angular separation of the secondary and primary images has been shown to relate to the pilot's acceptability of the windscreen. This procedure provides a way to quantify angular separation so a more objective evaluation of the transparency can be made. It may be used for research of multiple imaging, quantifying aircrew complaints, or as the basis for windscreen specifications. It should be noted that the basic multiple imaging characteristics of a windscreen are determined early in the design phase and are virtually impossible to change after the windscreen has been manufactured. In fact, a perfectly manufactured windscreen has some multiple imaging. For a particular windscreen, caution should be taken in the selection of specification criteria for multiple imaging, as the inherent multiple imaging characteristics may vary significantly depending upon windscreen thickness, material, or installation angle. Any tolerances that might be established should allow for inherent multiple imaging characteristics.1.1 This test method covers measuring the angular separation of secondary images from their respective primary images as viewed from the design eye position of an aircraft transparency. Angular separation is measured at 49 points within a 20 by 20° field of view. This procedure may be performed on any aircraft transparency in a laboratory or in the field. However, the procedure is limited to a dark environment. Laboratory measurements are done in a darkened room and field measurements are done at night. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.2.1 Exception8212;The values in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measuring Angular Displacement of Multiple Images in Transparent Parts

GOST R 8.721-2010 国家测量一致性体系.医用biofotometrs.验证方法

State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Medical biofotometrs. Verification procedure

LST EN ISO 7944:2000/AC:2009 光学和光学仪器 参考波长（ISO 7944:1998/Cor 1:2009）

Optics and optical instruments - Reference wavelengths (ISO 7944:1998/Cor 1:2009)

EN ISO 7944:1998/AC:2009 光学和光学仪器.基准波长 包含修改件AC,2009

Optics and optical instruments - Reference wavelengths (ISO 7944:1998/Cor 1:2009)

ISO/CD 7944 光学和光学仪器 参考波长

Optics and optical instruments — Reference wavelengths

DIN V 5031-100:2009 光辐射物理学和照明工程.第100部分:人类视觉光线的非视觉影响.数量、符号和行动范围

Optical radiation physics and illuminating engineering - Part 100: Non-visual effects of ocular light on human beings - Quantities, symbols and action spectra

GOST R 53340-2009 大地测量仪器.总规范

Geodetic instruments. General specifications

ASTM F1316-90(2008) 测量透明部件透射率的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes an apparatus and procedure that is suitable for measuring the transmissivity of large, thick, or curved transparent parts including parts already installed. This test method is limited to transparencies that are relatively neutral with respect to wavelength (not highly colored). 1.2 Since the transmissivity (transmission coefficient) is a ratio of two luminance values, it has no units. The units of luminance recorded in the intermediate steps of this test method are not critical; any recognized units of luminance (for example, foot-lamberts or candelas per square metre) may be used, as long as use is consistent. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measuring the Transmissivity of Transparent Parts

GSO ISO 12858-1:2007 光学和光学装置 地面测量和尺寸测量装置的附加装置 第1部分：调平过程中使用的殷钢柱

This part of ISO 12858 specifies the most important requirements of Invar levelling staffs used in geodesy and industry for precise measurement of heights in combination with either an optical-mechanical level equipped with a parallel plate micrometer, or a digital level of comparable precision. This part of ISO 12858 is not applicable to the detailed design and construction of Invar levelling staffs (e.g. materials, handles, fixing points for the struts, fixing of the Invar strip and of the circular level), which may be selected by the manufacturer as appropriate.

Optics and optical instruments- Ancillary devices for geodetic instruments – Part 1: Invar levelling staffs

GSO ISO 7944:2007 光学和光学仪器 参考波长

This International Standard specifies two reference wavelengths to be used for the characterization of optical materials, optical systems and instruments, as well as ophthalmic lenses. It defines the associated principal refractive indices and principal dispersions, as well as the Abbe numbers with regard to these reference wavelengths and principal dispersions.

Optics and optical instruments - Reference wavelengths

GSO ISO 12858-2:2007 光学和光学仪器 地面测量和尺寸的附加方法 第2部分：三脚架

This part of ISO 12858 specifies the most important requirements of telescopic tripods for surveying instruments and the connection between instrument and tripod. The requirements in this part of ISO 12858 enable instruments and tripods of different manufacturers to be joined to one another, without prejudicing their performance and their usefulness. This part of ISO 12858 is applicable to tripods which are used for levels, theodolites, tacheometers, GPS equipment, EDM instruments and in combination with targets, reflectors, antennae, etc.

Optics and optical instruments- Ancillary devices for geodetic instruments – Part 2: Tripods

ISO 15529:2007 光学和光子学.光学转移函数.取样成像系统的调制传递函数(MTF)的测量原理

This International Standard specifies the principal MTFs associated with a sampled imaging system, together with related terms and outlines a number of suitable techniques for measuring these MTFs. It also defines a measure for the “aliasing” related to imaging with such systems. This International Standard is particularly relevant to electronic imaging devices such as digital still and video cameras and the detector arrays they embody. Although a number of MTF measurement techniques are described, the intention is not to exclude other techniques, provided they measure the correct parameter and satisfy the general definitions and guidelines for MTF measurement as set out in ISO 9334 and ISO 9335. The use of a measurement of the edge spread function, rather than the line spread function (LSF), is noted in particular as an alternative starting point for determining the OTF/MTF of an imaging system.

Optics and photonics - Optical transfer function - Principles of measurement of modulation transfer function (MTF) of sampled imaging systems

ISO 9334:2007 光学和光子学.光的传递函数.定义和数学关系

This International Standard defines terms relating to the optical transfer function and indicates, where pertinent, the mathematical relationships between those terms. It also defines important parameters that should be specified in connection with optical transfer function testing. Table 1 lists the notation and units for the major parameters considered in this International Standard and to be used in ISO 9335 and ISO 9336. The terms and parameters defined in this International Standard apply to all measurements of the optical transfer function for optical, electro-optical and other imaging systems.

Optics and photonics - Optical transfer function - Definitions and mathematical relationships

GOST 8.557-2007 确保测量统一性的国家系统.用以确保0.2-50.0μm波长范围内(散射和常规)的光谱,整合式和降低常规透光度和光密度的国家鉴定规程

State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. State verification schedule for means measuring the spectral, integral and reduced regular transmittance and optical density within the wavelength range from 0,2 to 50,0 um, diffused and regular re

KS B ISO 15368-2006(2016) 光学和光学仪器 - 测量平面的反射率和平面平行元件的透射率

Optics and optical instruments — Measurement of reflectance of plane surfaces and transmittance of plane parallel elements

KS B ISO 15368:2006 光学和光学仪器.平面表面反射率和平面平行元件投射率的测量

이 규격은 분광 대역이 190 nm∼25 mm인 분광 광도계를 사용하여 평면의 분광 반사율

Optics and optical instruments-Measurement of reflectance of plane surfaces and transmittance of plane parallel elements

KS B ISO 15368-2006(2021) 光学和光学仪器.平面表面反射率和平面平行元件透射率的测量

Optics and optical instruments — Measurement of reflectance of plane surfaces and transmittance of plane parallel elements

BS ISO 23539:2006 光度测量法.物理光度测量法的CIE系统

ISO 23539:2005 specifies the characteristics of the system of physical photometry established by the CIE and accepted as the basis for the measurement of light. It defines the photometric quantities, units and standards that make up the CIE system of physical photometry and that have been officially accepted by the Comité International des Poids et Mesures (CIPM).

Photometry - The CIE system of physical photometry

ISO 23539:2005 光度测量法.物理光度测量法的CIE系统

This international Standard specifies the characteristics of the system of physical photometry established by the CIE and accepted as the basis for the measurement of light. It defines the photometric quantities, units and standards that make up the CIE system of physical photometry and that have been officially accepted by the Comite International des Poids et Mesures (CIPM). They comprise: - the definition of photometric quantities and units, - the definition of CIE standard spectral luminous efficiency functions for photopic and scotopic vision, - the definition of a CIE standard photometric observer that conforms to these functions, - the definition of maximum luminous efficacies for photopic and scotopic vision. An informative annex provides a vocabulary of related terms.

Photometry - The CIE system of physical photometry

NF S10-049:2003 光学和光学仪器.平面反射和平面平行元件透光率的测量

Optics and optical instruments - Measurement of reflectance of plane surfaces and transmittance of plane parallel elements.