19.060 (Mechanical testing) 标准查询与下载

ASTM G132-96(2013) 销钉磨蚀试验用标准试验方法

5.1 The amount of wear in any system will, in general, depend upon a number of system factors such as the applied load, machine characteristics, sliding speed, sliding distance, the environment, and material properties. The primary value of this wear test method lies in predicting the relative ranking of materials. This test method imposes conditions that cause measurable mass losses and it is intended to rank materials for applications in which moderate to severe abrasion occurs. Test materials should be reasonably resistant to such abrasion. Since this abrasion test does not attempt to duplicate all of the conditions that may be experienced in service (for example, abrasive particle size, shape, hardness, speed, load, and presence of a corrosive environment), there is no assurance that this test method will predict the wear rate of a given material under conditions differing from those in this test method. 1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for determining the wear resistance of a material when relative motion is caused between an abrasive cloth, paper, or plastic film and a contacting pin of the test material. The principal factors and conditions requiring attention when using this type of apparatus to measure wear are discussed. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Pin Abrasion Testing

ASTM G134-95(2001)e1 用气蚀喷液法测试固体材料腐蚀性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers a test that can be used to compare the cavitation erosion resistance of solid materials. A submerged cavitating jet, issuing from a nozzle, impinges on a test specimen placed in its path so that cavities collapse on it, thereby causing erosion. The test is carried out under specified conditions in a specified liquid, usually water. This test method can also be used to compare the cavitation erosion capability of various liquids.1.2 This test method specifies the nozzle and nozzle holder shape and size, the specimen size and its method of mounting, and the minimum test chamber size. Procedures are described for selecting the standoff distance and one of several standard test conditions. Deviation from some of these conditions is permitted where appropriate and if properly documented. Guidance is given on setting up a suitable apparatus, test and reporting procedures, and the precautions to be taken. Standard reference materials are specified; these must be used to verify the operation of the facility and to define the normalized erosion resistance of other materials.1.3 Two types of tests are encompassed, one using test liquids which can be run to waste, for example, tap water, and the other using liquids which must be recirculated, for example, reagent water or various oils. Slightly different test circuits are required for each type.1.4 This test method provides an alternative to Test Method G32. In that method, cavitation is induced by vibrating a submerged specimen at high frequency (20 kHz) with a specified amplitude. In the present method, cavitation is generated in a flowing system so that both the jet velocity and the downstream pressure (which causes the bubble collapse) can be varied independently.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Erosion of Solid Materials by a Cavitating Liquid Jet

ASTM G133-95(2002)e1 平面上线性反弹球滑动磨损的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes laboratory procedures for determining the sliding wear of ceramics, metals, and other candidate wear-resistant materials using a linear, reciprocating ball-on-flat plane geometry. The direction of the relative motion between sliding surfaces reverses in a periodic fashion such that the sliding occurs back and forth and in a straight line. The principal quantities of interest are the wear volumes of the contacting ball and flat specimen materials; however, the coefficient of kinetic friction may also be measured using the method described. This test method encompasses both unlubricated and lubricated testing procedures. The scope of this test method does not include testing in corrosive or chemically aggressive environments.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Linearly Reciprocating Ball-on-Flat Sliding Wear

ASTM D5748-95(2012) 弹性膜抗突出穿破的标准试验方法

Puncture resistance is very important in end-use performance of stretch wrap film used in consumer and industrial product applications. Puncture resistance is a measure of the energy-absorbing ability of a stretch wrap film in resisting a protrusion. The test method is designed to provide the user with a means of measuring the stretch wrap film's puncture resistance performance under essentially biaxial deformation conditions. A biaxial stress is representative of the type of stress encountered by stretch wrap products in many end-use applications. Although this test method cannot be expected to duplicate all field experiences, since the rate of speed, weight, and configuration of such destructive forces vary widely, a generally reliable comparison of samples may be made from the data obtained.1.1 This test method determines the resistance of a stretch wrap film to the penetration of a probe at a standard low rate, a single test velocity. Performed at standard conditions, the test method imparts a biaxial stress that is representative of the type of stress encountered in many product end-use applications. The maximum force, force at break, penetration distance, and energy to break are determined. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Protrusion Puncture Resistance of Stretch Wrap Film

ASTM D5856-95(2002)e1 使用刚性壁压缩模式磁导率计测量多孔性材料液压导电率的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers laboratory measurement of the hydraulic conductivity (also referred to as

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Hydraulic Conductivity of Porous Material Using a Rigid-Wall, Compaction-Mold Permeameter

ASTM D5748-95(2001) 拉紧包裹薄膜抗突起物穿破的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method determines the resistance of a stretch wrap film to the penetration of a probe at a standard low rate, a single test velocity. Performed at standard conditions, the test method imparts a biaxial stress that is representative of the type of stress encountered in many product end-use applications. The maximum force, force at break, penetration distance, and energy to break are determined. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Protrusion Puncture Resistance of Stretch Wrap Film

ASTM D5748-95(2007) 拉紧包裹薄膜抗突起物穿破的标准试验方法

Puncture resistance is very important in end-use performance of stretch wrap film used in consumer and industrial product applications. Puncture resistance is a measure of the energy-absorbing ability of a stretch wrap film in resisting a protrusion. The test method is designed to provide the user with a means of measuring the stretch wrap filmrsquo;puncture resistance performance under essentially biaxial deformation conditions. A biaxial stress is representative of the type of stress encountered by stretch wrap products in many end-use applications. Although this test method cannot be expected to duplicate all field experiences, since the rate of speed, weight, and configuration of such destructive forces vary widely, a generally reliable comparison of samples may be made from the data obtained.1.1 This test method determines the resistance of a stretch wrap film to the penetration of a probe at a standard low rate, a single test velocity. Performed at standard conditions, the test method imparts a biaxial stress that is representative of the type of stress encountered in many product end-use applications. The maximum force, force at break, penetration distance, and energy to break are determined.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Protrusion Puncture Resistance of Stretch Wrap Film

ASTM D3580-95(1999) 产品振动（垂直直线运动）试验标准试验方法

1.1 These test methods cover the determination of resonances of unpackaged products and components of unpackaged products by means of vertical linear motion at the surface on which the product is mounted for test. Two alternate test methods are presented: 1.2 This information may be used to examine the response of products to vibration for product design purposes, or for the design of a container or interior package that will minimize transportation vibration inputs at these critical frequencies, when these products resonances are within the expected transportation environment frequency range. Since vibration damage is most likely to occur at product resonant frequencies, these resonances may be thought of as potential product fragility points. 1.3 Information obtained from the optional dwell test methods may be used to assess the fatigue characteristics of the resonating components and for product modification. This may become necessary if the response of a product would require design of an impractical or excessively costly shipping container. 1.4 These test methods do not necessarily simulate the vibration effects that the product will encounter in its operational or in-use environment. Other, more suitable test procedures should be used for this purpose. 1.5 Test levels given in these test methods represent the correlation of the best information currently available from research investigation and from experience in the use of these test methods. If more applicable or accurate data are available, they should be substituted. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 6 for specific precautionary statements.

Standard Test Methods for Vibration (Vertical Linear Motion) Test of Products

ASTM D3580-95(2004) 产品振动试验的标准试验方法(垂直直线运动)

Products are exposed to complex dynamic stresses in the transportation environment. The determination of the resonant frequencies of the product may aid the packaging designer in determining the proper packaging system to provide adequate protection for the product, as well as providing an understanding of the complex interactions between the components of the product as they relate to expected transportation vibration inputs.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of resonances of unpackaged products and components of unpackaged products by means of vertical linear motion at the surface on which the product is mounted for test. Two alternate test methods are presented:Test Method A-Resonance Search Using Sinusoidal Vibration, andTest Method B-Resonance Search Using Random Vibration. Note 1 The two test methods are not necessarily equivalent and may not produce the same results. It is possible that tests using random vibration may be more representative of the transport environment and may be conducted more quickly than sine tests.1.2 This information may be used to examine the response of products to vibration for product design purposes, or for the design of a container or interior package that will minimize transportation vibration inputs at these critical frequencies, when these products resonances are within the expected transportation environment frequency range. Since vibration damage is most likely to occur at product resonant frequencies, these resonances may be thought of as potential product fragility points.1.3 Information obtained from the optional dwell test methods may be used to assess the fatigue characteristics of the resonating components and for product modification. This may become necessary if the response of a product would require design of an impractical or excessively costly shipping container.1.4 These test methods do not necessarily simulate the vibration effects that the product will encounter in its operational or in-use environment. Other, more suitable test procedures should be used for this purpose.1.5 Test levels given in these test methods represent the correlation of the best information currently available from research investigation and from experience in the use of these test methods. If more applicable or accurate data are available, they should be substituted.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 6 for specific precautionary statements.

Standard Test Methods for Vibration (Vertical Linear Motion) Test of Products

ASTM D5856-95(2007) 使用刚性壁压缩模式磁导率计测量多孔性材料液压导电率的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers laboratory measurement of the hydraulic conductivity (also referred to as coefficient of permeability) of laboratory-compacted materials with a rigid-wall, compaction-mold permeameter.1.2 This test method may be used with laboratory-compacted specimens that have a hydraulic conductivity less than or equal to 1 x 10 -5 m/s. The hydraulic conductivity of compacted materials that have hydraulic conductivities greater than 1 x 10 -5 m/s may be determined by Test Method D 2434.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard, unless other units are specifically given. By tradition in U.S. practice, hydraulic conductivity is reported in centimetres per second, although the common SI units for hydraulic conductivity are metres per second.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Hydraulic Conductivity of Porous Material Using a Rigid-Wall, Compaction-Mold Permeameter

ASTM G134-95(2006) 用气蚀喷液法测试固体材料腐蚀的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers a test that can be used to compare the cavitation erosion resistance of solid materials. A submerged cavitating jet, issuing from a nozzle, impinges on a test specimen placed in its path so that cavities collapse on it, thereby causing erosion. The test is carried out under specified conditions in a specified liquid, usually water. This test method can also be used to compare the cavitation erosion capability of various liquids.1.2 This test method specifies the nozzle and nozzle holder shape and size, the specimen size and its method of mounting, and the minimum test chamber size. Procedures are described for selecting the standoff distance and one of several standard test conditions. Deviation from some of these conditions is permitted where appropriate and if properly documented. Guidance is given on setting up a suitable apparatus, test and reporting procedures, and the precautions to be taken. Standard reference materials are specified; these must be used to verify the operation of the facility and to define the normalized erosion resistance of other materials.1.3 Two types of tests are encompassed, one using test liquids which can be run to waste, for example, tap water, and the other using liquids which must be recirculated, for example, reagent water or various oils. Slightly different test circuits are required for each type.1.4 This test method provides an alternative to Test Method G 32. In that method, cavitation is induced by vibrating a submerged specimen at high frequency (20 kHz) with a specified amplitude. In the present method, cavitation is generated in a flowing system so that both the jet velocity and the downstream pressure (which causes the bubble collapse) can be varied independently.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Erosion of Solid Materials by a Cavitating Liquid Jet

ASTM D2714-94(2014) 环块摩擦试验机和磨损试验机校准和操作的标准试验方法

4.1 This test method is used for the calibration of a block-on-ring testing machine by measuring the friction and wear properties of a calibration fluid under the prescribed test conditions. 4.2 The user of this test method should determine to his or her own satisfaction whether results of this test procedure correlate with field performance or other bench test machines. If the test conditions are changed, wear values can change and relative ratings of fluids can be different. 1.1 This test method covers the calibration and operation of a block-on-ring friction and wear testing machine. 1.2 The values in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Calibration and Operation of the Falex Block-on-Ring Friction and Wear Testing Machine

ASTM D2714-94(2003) 法列克司环块磨擦试验机和磨损试验机的校准和操作标准试验方法

This test method is used for the calibration of a block-on-ring testing machine by measuring the friction and wear properties of a calibration fluid under the prescribed test conditions. The user of this test method should determine to his or her own satisfaction whether results of this test procedure correlate with field performance or other bench test machines. If the test conditions are changed, wear values can change and relative ratings of fluids can be different.1.1 This test method covers the calibration and operation of a block-on-ring friction and wear testing machine. 1.2 The values stated in either SI (metric) units or inch-pound units to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values of the two systems may result in noncomformance with the standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Calibration and Operation of the Falex Block-on-Ring Friction and Wear Testing Machine

ASTM D3702-94(2004) 用止推垫圈试验机测定自润滑磨擦接触中材料磨损速率和摩擦系数的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of wear rate and coefficient of friction for self-lubricated materials in rubbing contact by a testing machine178; that utilizes a thrust washer specimen configuration.Note 18212;This machine may also be used to measure coefficient of friction.1.2 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. In cases where materials, products, or equipment are available only in inch-pound units, SI values in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Wear Rate and Coefficient of Friction of Materials in Self-Lubricated Rubbing Contact Using a Thrust Washer Testing Machine

ASTM D2714-94(1998) Falex Block-on-Ring摩擦磨损试验机的标定和操作标准测试方法

1.1 This test method covers the calibration and operation of a block-on-ring friction and wear testing machine. 1.2 The values stated in either SI (metric) units or inch-pound units to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values of the two systems may result in noncomformance with the standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Calibration and Operation of the Falex Block-on-Ring Friction and Wear Testing Machine

ASTM D3702-94(1999) 使用推力垫圈试验机自润滑接触的材料摩擦磨损率和摩擦系数的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of wear rate and coefficient of friction for self-lubricated materials in rubbing contact by a testing machine that utilizes a thrust washer specimen configuration. Note 1-This machine may also be used to measure coefficient of friction. 1.2 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. In cases where materials, products, or equipment are available only in inch-pound units, SI values in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Wear Rate and Coefficient of Friction of Materials in Self-Lubricated Rubbing Contact Using a Thrust Washer Testing Machine

ASTM D2714-94(2009) 法列克司环块磨擦试验机和磨损试验机的校准和操作标准试验方法

This test method is used for the calibration of a block-on-ring testing machine by measuring the friction and wear properties of a calibration fluid under the prescribed test conditions. The user of this test method should determine to his or her own satisfaction whether results of this test procedure correlate with field performance or other bench test machines. If the test conditions are changed, wear values can change and relative ratings of fluids can be different.1.1 This test method covers the calibration and operation of a block-on-ring friction and wear testing machine. 1.2 The values in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Calibration and Operation of the Falex Block-on-Ring Friction and Wear Testing Machine

ASTM D3702-94(2014) 用止推垫圈试验机测定自润滑磨擦接触中材料磨损速率和摩擦系数的标准试验方法

4.1 This test method is used to determine the equilibrium rate of wear and coefficient of friction of materials in rubbing contact under useful operating conditions, that is, combinations of pressure and velocity that fall below the PV (pressure8201;×8201;velocity) limit of the test material. The user of this test method should determine to his own satisfaction whether the results of this test procedure correlate with field performance or other bench test machines. If the test conditions are changed, the wear rates may change and the relative value of one material with respect to another may also change. 4.2 Test conditions may be selected from Table 1. TABLE 1 Test ConditionsA Rotational speed, rpm Rubbing Velocity, ft/min (m/min) Load, lb (kg), to Obtain PV, psi8201;×8201;ft/min (kg/cm 28201;×8201;m/min) at Selected Speeds PV1 1250 (26.8) PV2 2500 (53.6) PV3 5000 (107.1)

Standard Test Method for Wear Rate and Coefficient of Friction of Materials in Self-Lubricated Rubbing Contact Using a Thrust Washer Testing Machine

ASTM E1237-93(2003) 安装耦合电阻应变仪

Methods and procedures used in installing bonded resistance strain gages can have significant effects upon the performance of those sensors. Optimum and reproducible detection of surface deformation requires appropriate and consistent surface preparation, mounting procedures, and verification techniques.1.1 This document provides guidelines for installing bonded resistance strain gages. It is not intended to be used for bulk or diffused semiconductor gages. This document pertains only to adhesively bonded strain gages. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Installing Bonded Resistance Strain Gages

ASTM E1237-93(2009) 安装耦合电阻应变仪的标准指南

Methods and procedures used in installing bonded resistance strain gages can have significant effects upon the performance of those sensors. Optimum and reproducible detection of surface deformation requires appropriate and consistent surface preparation, mounting procedures, and verification techniques.1.1 This guide provides guidelines for installing bonded resistance strain gages. It is not intended to be used for bulk or diffused semiconductor gages. This document pertains only to adhesively bonded strain gages. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Installing Bonded Resistance Strain Gages