27.190 标准查询与下载

EN ISO 20675:2021 沼气 - 沼气生产 调节 升级和利用 - 术语 定义和分类方案

ISO 20675:2018 defines terms and describes classifications related to biogas production by anaerobic digestion, gasification from biomass and power to gas from biomass sources, biogas conditioning, biogas upgrading and biogas utilization from a safety, environmental, performance and functionality perspective, during the design, manufacturing, installation, construction, testing, commissioning, acceptance, operation, regular inspection and maintenance phases. Biogas installations are, among others, applied at industrial plants like food and beverage industries, waste water treatment plants, waste plants, landfill sites, small scale plants next to agricultural companies and small scale household installations. The following topics are excluded from this document: - boilers, burners, furnaces and lightening, in case these are not specifically applied for locally produced biogas; - gas-fuelled engines for vehicles and ships; - the public gas grid; - specifications to determine biomethane quality; - transportation of compressed or liquefied biogas; - transportation of biomass or digestate; - assessment and determination whether biomass is sourced sustainably or not. ISO 20675:2018 describes the following for information purposes as well: - the parameters to determine the size (e.g. small, medium-sized, or large scale); - the parameters to determine the type of installation (e.g. domestic, industrial); - the parameters to describe the type of technique; - terms and processes in order to develop health, safety and environmental protection guidelines for biogas installations. NOTE For an explanation of the Scope, see Annex A.

Biogas - Biogas production, conditioning, upgrading and utilization - Terms, definitions and classification scheme (ISO 20675:2018)

GSO ISO 18122:2021 固体生物燃料灰分含量的测定

ISO 18122:2015 specifies a method for the determination of ash content of all solid biofuels.

Solid biofuels — Determination of ash content

GSO ISO 17831-1:2021 固体生物燃料 颗粒和煤块机械耐久性的测定 第1部分：颗粒

ISO 17831-1:2015 defines a determination method for testing the mechanical durability of pellets. The mechanical durability is a measure of the resistance of compressed fuels towards shocks and/or abrasion as a consequence of handling and transportation.

Solid biofuels — Determination of mechanical durability of pellets and briquettes — Part 1: Pellets

GSO ISO 17831-2:2021 固体生物燃料 颗粒和煤块机械耐久性的测定 第2部分：煤块

ISO 17831-2:2015 defines a method for determining the mechanical durability of briquettes. The mechanical durability is a measure of the resistance of compressed fuels towards shocks and/or abrasion as a consequence of handling and transportation.

Solid biofuels — Determination of mechanical durability of pellets and briquettes — Part 2: Briquettes

GSO ISO 17829:2021 固体生物燃料 颗粒长度和直径的测定

ISO 17829:2015 specifies the methods for the determination of diameter and length of pellets. Concerning the pellet length methods for both determination of the proportion of oversized pellets and for determination of the average length are included.

Solid Biofuels — Determination of length and diameter of pellets

GSO ISO/TS 16996:2021 固体生物燃料 X 射线荧光法测定元素成分

ISO/TS 16996:2015 specifies the procedure for a determination of major and minor element concentrations in biomass material by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry or wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometry using a calibration with biomass reference materials. A semi-quantitative determination may be carried out using matrix independent standards. ISO/TS 16996:2015 is applicable for the following elements: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Br, Mo, Cd, Sb, and Pb. Concentrations from approximately 0,000 1 % and above can be determined depending on the element, the calibration materials used and the instrument used.

Solid biofuels — Determination of elemental composition by X-ray fluorescence

GSO ISO 18134-1:2021 固体生物燃料 水分含量的测定 烘干法 第1部分：总水分 参考方法

ISO 18134-1:2015 describes the method of determining the total moisture content of a test sample of solid biofuels by drying in an oven and may be used when high precision of the determination of moisture content is necessary. The method described in this International Standard is applicable to all solid biofuels. The moisture content of solid biofuels (as received) is always reported based on the total mass of the test sample (wet basis). NOTE The term moisture content, when used with biomass materials, can be misleading since untreated biomass frequently contains varying amounts of volatile compounds (extractives) which might evaporate when determining moisture content by oven drying (see References [2] and [3]).

Solid biofuels — Determination of moisture content — Oven dry method — Part 1: Total moisture — Reference method

GSO ISO 17827-1:2021 固体生物燃料 未压缩燃料颗粒尺寸分布的测定 第1部分：使用孔径为3.15毫米及以上的筛子的振荡筛法

ISO 17827-1:2016 specifies a method for the determination of the size distribution of particulate biofuels by the horizontally oscillating screen method. It applies to particulate uncompressed fuels with a nominal top size of 3,15 mm and above, e.g. wood chips, hog fuel, olive stones, etc. The method is intended to characterize material up to a particle size class of P63. For larger P-classes, the characterization is mainly done by hand sorting.

Solid biofuels — Determination of particle size distribution for uncompressed fuels — Part 1: Oscillating screen method using sieves with apertures of 3,15 mm and above

GSO ISO/TS 17225-8:2021 固体生物燃料 燃料规格和类别 第8部分：分级热处理和致密生物质燃料

ISO/TS 17225-8:2016 determines the fuel quality classes and specifications of graded densified solid biofuels produced from thermally treated biomass for non-industrial and industrial use. This document covers pellets and briquettes produced from the following raw materials (see ISO 17225‑1:2014, Table 1): - 1.1 Forest, plantation and other virgin wood; - 1.2 By-products and residues from wood processing industry; - 1.3.1 Chemically untreated used wood; - 2. Herbaceous biomass; - 3. Fruit biomass; - 4. Aquatic biomass. Subcategories of the above stated raw materials are included. ISO/TS 17225-8:2016 does not consider products, which are marketed as charcoal or as charcoal products. For these products, ISO 17225‑1:2014, Table 14 shall apply. NOTE 1 For thermally treated powder, ISO 17225‑1:2014, Table 15 or Table 16 may be used for specification. NOTE 2 Health, safety and environmental issues for solid biofuels are important and need special attention; however, they are outside the scope of this document.

Solid biofuels — Fuel specifications and classes — Part 8: Graded thermally treated and densified biomass fuels

GSO ISO 17828:2021 固体生物燃料 堆积密度的测定

ISO 17828:2015 defines a method of determining bulk density of solid biofuels by the use of a standard measuring container. This method is applicable to all pourable solid biofuels with a nominal top size of maximum 100 mm. Bulk density is not an absolute value; therefore, conditions for its determination have to be standardized in order to gain comparative measuring results. NOTE Bulk density of solid biofuels is subject to variation due to several factors such as vibration, shock, pressure, biodegradation, drying, and wetting. Measured bulk density can therefore deviate from actual conditions during transportation, storage, or transhipment.

Solid biofuels — Determination of bulk density

GSO ISO 18847:2021 固体生物燃料 颗粒和煤块颗粒密度的测定

ISO 18847:2016 specifies the method for determining the particle density of compressed fuels such as pellets or briquettes. Particle density is not an absolute value and conditions for its determination have to be standardized to enable comparative determinations to be made.

Solid biofuels — Determination of particle density of pellets and briquettes

GSO ISO 17827-2:2021 固体生物燃料 未压缩燃料颗粒尺寸分布的测定 第2部分：使用孔径为3.15毫米及以下的筛子的振动筛法

ISO 17827-2:2016 specifies a method for the determination of the size distribution of particulate biofuels by the vibrating screen method. The method described is meant for particulate biofuels only, namely, materials that either have been reduced in size, such as most wood fuels, or are physically in a particulate form. This part of ISO 17827 applies to particulate uncompressed fuels with a nominal top size of 3,15 mm and below (e.g. sawdust).

Solid biofuels — Determination of particle size distribution for uncompressed fuels — Part 2: Vibrating screen method using sieves with aperture of 3,15 mm and below

GSO ISO 18123:2021 固体生物燃料 挥发物含量的测定

ISO 18123:2015 aims to define the requirements and method used to determine the volatile matter content of solid biofuels. It is intended for persons and organisations that manufacture, plan, sell, erect or use machinery, equipment, tools, and entire plants related to solid biofuels, and to all persons and organisations involved in producing, purchasing, selling, and utilizing solid biofuels. The volatile matter content is determined as the loss in mass, less that due to moisture, when solid biofuel is subject to partial pyrolysis under standardized conditions.

Solid biofuels — Determination of the content of volatile matter

GSO ISO 18134-3:2021 固体生物燃料 水分含量的测定 烘干法 第3部分：一般分析样品中的水分

ISO 18134-3:2015 describes the method of determining the moisture in the analysis test sample by drying in an oven. It is intended to be used for general analysis samples in accordance with EN 14780. The method described in this part of ISO 18134-3:2015 is applicable to all solid biofuels. The moisture content of solid biofuels (as received) is always reported based on the total mass of the test sample (wet basis). Since biofuels in small particle size are very hygroscopic, their moisture content will change with humidity in the atmosphere and therefore, the moisture of the test portion is determined simultaneously with determination of for example calorific value, carbon content, and nitrogen content. NOTE The term moisture content when used with biomass materials can be misleading since untreated biomass frequently contains varying amounts of volatile compounds (extractives) which can evaporate when determining the moisture content by oven drying (see References [1] and [2]).

Solid biofuels — Determination of moisture content — Oven dry method — Part 3: Moisture in general analysis sample

GSO ISO 18846:2021 固体生物燃料 颗粒数量中细粉含量的测定

ISO 18846:2016 specifies a method for determining the amount of material passing through a sieve with 3,15 mm diameter round hole.

Solid biofuels — Determination of fines content in quantities of pellets

GSO ISO 17830:2021 固体生物燃料 粉碎颗粒的粒度分布

ISO 17830:2016 aims to define the requirements and method used to determine particle size distribution of disintegrated pellets. It is applicable for pellets that fully disintegrate in hot water.

Solid biofuels — Particle size distribution of disintegrated pellets

CEN/TS 16214-2:2020 用于能源应用的生物燃料和生物液体生产的可持续性标准 原则、标准、指标和验证者 第2部分：包括产销监管链和质量平衡在内的合格评定

This document specifies a set of rules and procedures as a framework for conformity assessment describing biofuels and bioliquids as the objects of conformity assessment, identifying the applicable specified requirements and providing the methodology for performing conformity assessment. It (this set of rules and procedures) defines requirements for provision by economic operators of the required evidence that biofuels and bioliquids fulfil the sustainability criteria as defined in the Renewable Energy Directive [1] and in Directive 2015/1513 [3]. This document is applicable to the initial biomass production or to the point of collection for waste and residue and to each stage within the chain of custody. It also defines requirements on conformity assessment bodies when checking compliance with the present standard. NOTE 1 This edition of the standard does not cover the requirements in Directive 2018/EU/2001, the recast of the Renewable Energy Directive (referred to as RED II). NOTE 2 An example of supply chain of biofuels and bioliquids to be covered by the chain of custody is given in Figure 1. This supply chain is a simple representation, actual supply chains are typically more complex. Figure 1 - Example of a supply chain of biofuels and bioliquids

Sustainability criteria for the production of biofuels and bioliquids for energy applications - Principles, criteria, indicators and verifiers - Part 2: Conformity assessment including chain of custody and mass balance

EN ISO 20049-1:2020 固体生物燃料.颗粒生物燃料自加热的测定.第1部分:等温量热法

This document: a) specifies a general test procedure for quantification of the spontaneous heat generation from solid biofuel pellets using isothermal calorimetry; b) specifies a screening test procedure for wood pellets using an instrument temperature of 60 °C; c) establishes procedures for sampling and sample handling of solid biofuel pellets prior to the analysis of spontaneous heat generation; and d) gives guidance on the applicability and use of isothermal calorimetry for calculation of the net reaction rate of the heat producing reactions of solid biofuel pellets. The test procedure given in this document quantifies the thermal power (heat flow) of the sample during the test, it does not identify the source of self-heating in the test portion analysed. Data on spontaneous heat generation determined using this document is only associated with the specific quality and age of the sample material. The results are product specific. This document is applicable to solid biofuel pellets only. The information derived using this document is for use in quality control and in hazard and risk assessments related to the procedures given in ISO 20024:2020.

Solid biofuels - Determination of self-heating of pelletized biofuels - Part 1: Isothermal calorimetry (ISO 20049-1:2020)

EN ISO 20024:2020 固体生物燃料 - 在商业和工业应用中安全处理和储存固体生物燃料颗粒

This document provides principles and requirements for safe handling and storage of solid biofuels pellets in commercial and industrial applications. This document is using a risk-based approach to determine what safety measures should be considered. Facilities with a storage capacity

Solid biofuels - Safe handling and storage of solid biofuel pellets in commercial and industrial applications (ISO 20024:2020)

EN ISO 21945:2020 固体生物燃料.小规模应用的简化取样方法

This document describes simplified methods for taking samples of solid biofuels in small scale applications and storages including preparation of sampling plans and reports. The main focus is on storages with a size of ≤100 t. This document is applicable to the following solid biofuels: 1) fine (up to about 10 mm nominal top size) and regularly-shaped particulate materials that can be sampled using a scoop or pipe, e.g. sawdust, olive stones and wood pellets; 2) coarse or irregularly-shaped particulate materials (up to 200 mm nominal top size) that can be sampled using a fork or shovel, e.g. wood chips, hog fuel and nut shells; 3) large pieces (above 200 mm nominal top size) which are picked manually (e.g. firewood and briquettes). This document can also be used for other solid biofuels not listed above if the procedures described in this document are applicable. This document specifies methods to be used, for example, when a sample is to be tested for moisture content, ash content, calorific value, bulk density, mechanical durability, particle size distribution, ash melting behaviour and chemical composition. Additionally, it describes a method for the reduction of sample size and defines requirements on handling and storage of samples. NOTE 1 If higher precision of analytical results is needed or when in doubt if this document is applicable ISO 18135 can be used. Using the number of increments given in this document the resulting precision for analytical results can be estimated with the formulas given in ISO 18135. NOTE 2 Pellets can generate CO and CO2 off gasses by nature. If pellets are sampled, check for CO and CO2 and O2 levels prior and during the sample taking process in a confined space like a container, silo or shed and have another person standby at the entrance.

Solid biofuels - Simplified sampling method for small scale applications (ISO 21945:2020)