49.035 (Components for aerospace construction) 标准查询与下载

ASTM E2662-15 航空航天应用中平板复合材料和夹层芯材的射线照相检验

5.1 Radiographic examination may be used during product and process design optimization, on line process control, after manufacture inspection, and in service inspection. In addition to verifying structural placement, radiographic examination can be used in the case of honeycomb core materials to detect node bonds, core-to-core splices, and core-to-structure splices. Radiographic examination is especially well suited for detecting sub-surface flaws. The general types of defects detected by radiographic examination include blown core, core corrosion, damaged filaments, density variation, entrapped fluid, fiber debonding, fiber misalignment, foreign material, fractures, inclusions, micro-cracks, node bond failure, porosity/voids, and thickness variation. 5.2 Factors that influence image formation and X-ray attenuation in radiographic examination, and which are relevant to interpreting the images for the conditions of interest, should be included in the examination request. Examples include, but not limited to, the following: laminate (matrix and fiber) material, lay-up geometry, fiber volume fraction (flat panels); facing material, core material, facing stack sequence, core geometry (cell size); core density, facing void content, adhesive void content, and facing volume percent reinforcement (sandwich core materials); overall thickness, specimen alignment, and specimen geometry relative to the beam (flat panels and sandwich core materials). 5.3 Information regarding discontinuities that are detectable using radiographic examination methods can be found in Guide E2533. 1.1 This practice is intended to be used as a supplement to Practices E1742, E1255, E2033, and E2698. 1.2 This practice describes procedures for radiographic examination of flat panel composites and sandwich core materials made entirely or in part from fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites. Radiographic examination is: a) Film Radiography (RT), b) Computed Radiography (CR) with Imaging Plate, c) Digital Radiography (DR) with Digital Detector Array’s (DDA), and d) Radioscopic (RTR) Real Time Radiography with a detection system such as an Image Intensifier. The composite materials under consideration typically contain continuous high modulus fibers (> 20 GPa), such as those listed in 1.4. 1.3 This practice describes established radiographic examination methods that are currently used by industry that have demonstrated utility in quality assurance of flat panel composites and sandwich core materials during product process design and optimization, process control, after manufacture inspection, in service examination, and health monitoring. Additional guidance can be found in E2533, Guide for Nondestructive Testing of Polymer Matrix Composites Used in Aerospace.

Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination of Flat Panel Composites and Sandwich Core Materials Used in Aerospace Applications

ASTM F331-13 从航空航天部件中提取的卤化溶剂的不挥发残渣的标准试验方法 (使用闪蒸器)

1.1 This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile matter, that is, residue on evaporation, in solvent extract from aerospace components, using a rotary flash evaporator. 1.2 The procedure for extraction from components is described in practices such as Practice F303. Before subjecting the extract to the following method, it should be processed to remove the insoluble particulate in accordance with Practice F311 (Note 1). Particle count analysis of the removed particulate may then be performed in accordance with Test Method F312. If particulate is not removed from the extract prior to performing this method, this should be noted on the test report.Note 1—Membrane filters with a maximum extractable content of 0.5 weight % should be used on samples to be processed by this test method. Conventional membranes contain 5 to 108201;% extractables. For obtaining very low background levels, consideration should be given to using membranes without grid marks. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Nonvolatile Residue of Solvent Extract from Aerospace Components (Using Flash Evaporator)

ASTM E2580-12 航空航天用平板复合材料和夹层芯材的超声波测试用标准实施规程

This practice is intended primarily for the testing of flat panel composites and sandwich core panels to an acceptance criteria most typically specified in a purchase order or other contractual document. Basis of Application8212;There are areas in this practice that require agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization.1.1 This practice establishes two procedures for ultrasonic testing (UT) of flat panel composites and flat sandwich core panels (parallel surfaces). Typical as-fabricated lay-ups include uniaxial, cross ply and angle ply laminates; as well as honeycomb sandwich core materials. These procedures can be used throughout the life cycle of the materials; product and process design optimization, on line process control, after manufacture inspection, and in service inspection. Contact methods such as angle-beam techniques using shear waves, or surface-beam techniques using Lamb waves, are not discussed. 1.2 Ultrasonic testing is a common sub surface method for detection of laminar oriented discontinuities. Two techniques can be considered based on panel surface accessibility; pulse echo for one sided and through transmission (bubblers/squirters) for two sided. As used in this practice, both require the use of a pulsed straight-beam ultrasonic longitudinal wave followed by observing indications of either the reflected (pulse-echo) or received (through transmission) wave. The general types of anomalies detected by both techniques include foreign materials, delamination, disbond/un-bond, fiber de-bonding, inclusions, porosity, and voids. 1.3 This practice provides two ultrasonic test procedures. Each has its own merits and requirements for inspection and shall be selected as agreed upon in a contractual document. 1.3.1 Test Procedure A, Pulse Echo (non-contacting and contacting), is at a minimum a single transducer transmitting and receiving a longitudinal wave in the range of 0.5 to 20 MHz (see Fig. 1). This procedure requires access to only one side of the specimen. This procedure can be conducted by automated or manual means. Automated and manual test results may be imaged or recorded. 1.3.2 Test Procedure B, Through Transmission, is a combination of two transducers. One transmits a longitudinal wave and the other receives the longitudinal wave in the range of 0.5 MHz to 20 MHz (see Fig. 2). This procedure requires access to both sides of the specimen. This procedure is automated and the examination results are recorded. 1.4 This practice does not specify accept-reject criteria. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. FIG. 1 Test Procedure A, Pulse Echo Apparatus Set-up FIG. 2 Test Procedure B, Through Transmission Apparatus Set-up

Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Flat Panel Composites and Sandwich Core Materials Used in Aerospace Applications

ASTM E2669-11 钛铸件标准数字参考图像

These digital reference images are intended for reference only, but are designed such that acceptance standards, which may be developed for particular requirements, can be specified in terms of these digital reference images. The illustrations are digital images of castings that were produced under conditions designed to develop the discontinuities. Applicability of Thickness Designations: Clustered holes, scattered gas holes, scattered shrinkage cavity, centerline shrinkage (1) The images of the ¼-in. (6.4-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range up to and including 3/8-in. (9.5-mm). The images of the ½ -in. (12.7-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range of over 3/8-in. (9.5-mm), up to and including 5/8-in. (15.9-mm). The images of the ¾-in. (19.1-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range of over 5/8-in. (15.9-mm), up to and including 1-in. (25.4-mm). Shrinkage Cavity: (1) The images of the ½-in. (12.7-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range up to and including 5/8-in. (15.9-mm). The images of the ¾ -in. (19.1-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range over 5/8-in. (15.9-mm) to 1-in. (25.4-mm). Gas hole; foreign material, less dense; foreign material, more dense (1) The images are intended to be used in the thickness range up to and including 1-in. (25.4-mm). Image Deterioration8212;Many conditions can affect the appearance and functionality of digital reference images. For example, electrical interference, hardware incompatibilities, and corrupted files and drivers may affect their appearance. The Practice E2002 line pair gauges located in each digital reference image can be used as an aid to detect image deterioration by comparing the measured resolution using the gauges to the resolution stated on the digital reference image. Do not use the digital reference images if their appearance has been adversely affected such that the interpretation and use of the images could be influenced. Agreement should be reached between cognizant engineering organization and the supplier that the system used by the supplier is capable of detecting and classifying the required discontinuities.1.1 The digital reference images provided in the adjunct to this standard illustrate various types and degrees of discontinuities occurring in titanium castings. Use of this standard for the specification or grading of castings requires procurement of the adjunct digital reference images, which illustrate the discontinuity types and severity levels. They are intended to provide the following: 1.1.1 A guide enabling recognition of titanium casting discontinuities and their differentiation both as to type and degree through digital radiographic examination. 1.1.2 Example digital radiographic illustrations of discontinuities and a nomenclature for reference in acceptance standards, specifications and drawings. 1.2 The digital reference images consist of seventeen digital files each illustrating eight grades of increasing severity. The files illustrate seven......

Standard Digital Reference Images for Titanium Castings

ASTM E2660-11 航天设备的铸钢精铸件标准数字参考图像

These digital reference images are intended for reference only, but are designed such that acceptance standards, which may be developed for particular requirements, can be specified in terms of these digital reference images. The illustrations are digital images of castings that were produced under conditions designed to develop the discontinuities. Graded Discontinuities: Gas holes, sponge shrinkage, dendritic shrinkage, less dense foreign material (1) The images of the 1/8-in (3.2-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range up to and including ¼-in (6.3-mm). The images of the 3/8-in (9.5-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range of over ¼-in (6.4-mm), up to and including ½-in (12.7-mm). The images of the ¾ -in (19.1-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range of over ½-in (12.7-mm), up to and including 1-in. (25.4-mm). Cavity Shrinkage, Filamentary Shrinkage: (1) The images of the ¾-in (19.1-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range up to and including 1-in. (25.4-mm). Ungraded Discontinuities: The images of the 3/8-in (9.5-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range up to and including 1-in. (25.4-mm). Image Deterioration8212;Many conditions can affect the appearance and functionality of digital reference images. For example, electrical interference, hardware incompatibilities, and corrupted files and drivers may affect their appearance. The Practice E2002 line pair gauges located in each digital reference image can be used as an aid to detect image deterioration by comparing the measured resolution using the gauges to the resolution stated on the digital reference image. Do not use the digital reference images if their appearance has been adversely affected such that the interpretation and use of the images could be influenced. Agreement should be reached between cognizant engineering organization and the supplier that the system used by the supplier is capable of detecting and classifying the required discontinuities.1.1 The digital reference images provided in the adjunct to this standard illustrate various types and degrees of discontinuities occurring in thin-wall steel investment castings. Use of this standard for the specification or grading of castings requires procurement of the adjunct digital reference images which illustrate the discontinuity types and severity levels. They are intended to provide the following: 1.1.1 A guide enabling recognition of thin-wall steel casting discontinuities and their differentiation both as to type and degree through digital radiographic examination. 1.1.2 Example digital radiographic illustrations of discontinuities and a nomenclature for reference in acceptance standards, specifications and drawings. 1.2 Two illustration categories are covered as follows: 1.2.1 Graded8212;Six common discontinuity types each illustrated in eight degrees of progressively increasing severity. 1.2.2 Ungraded

Standard Digital Reference Images for Investment Steel Castings for Aerospace Applications

ASTM E2660-10 航空航天用熔模钢铸件用标准数字参考图像

These digital reference images are intended for reference only, but are designed such that acceptance standards, which may be developed for particular requirements, can be specified in terms of these digital reference images. The illustrations are digital images of castings that were produced under conditions designed to develop the discontinuities. Graded Discontinuities: Gas holes, sponge shrinkage, dendritic shrinkage, less dense foreign material (1) The images of the 1/8-in (3.2-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range up to and including ¼-in (6.3-mm). The images of the 3/8-in (9.5-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range of over ¼-in (6.4-mm), up to and including ½-in (12.7-mm). The images of the ¾ -in (19.1-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range of over ½-in (12.7-mm), up to and including 1-in. (25.4-mm). Cavity Shrinkage, Filamentary Shrinkage: (1) The images of the ¾-in (19.1-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range up to and including 1-in. (25.4-mm). Ungraded Discontinuities: The images of the 3/8-in (9.5-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range up to and including 1-in. (25.4-mm). Image Deterioration8212;Many conditions can affect the appearance and functionality of digital reference images. For example, electrical interference, hardware incompatibilities, and corrupted files and drivers may affect their appearance. The Practice E2002 line pair gauges located in each digital reference image can be used as an aid to detect image deterioration by comparing the measured resolution using the gauges to the resolution stated on the digital reference image. Do not use the digital reference images if their appearance has been adversely affected such that the interpretation and use of the images could be influenced. Agreement should be reached between cognizant engineering organization and the supplier that the system used by the supplier is capable of detecting and classifying the required discontinuities.1.1 The digital reference images provided in the adjunct to this standard illustrate various types and degrees of discontinuities occurring in thin-wall steel investment castings. Use of this standard for the specification or grading of castings requires procurement of the adjunct digital reference images which illustrate the discontinuity types and severity levels. They are intended to provide the following: 1.1.1 A guide enabling recognition of thin-wall steel casting discontinuities and their differentiation both as to type and degree through digital radiographic examination. 1.1.2 Example digital radiographic illustrations of discontinuities and a nomenclature for reference in acceptance standards, specifications and drawings. 1.2 Two illustration categories are covered as follows: 1.2.1 Graded8212;Six common discontinuity types each illustrated in eight degrees of progressively increasing severity. 1.2.2 Ungraded

Standard Digital Reference Images for Investment Steel Castings for Aerospace Applications

ASTM F733-09 用双曝光法测定透明部件的光学畸变和偏差的标准实施规范

Transparent parts, such as aircraft windshields and windows, can be inspected using this practice, and the amount of optical distortion or deviation can be measured. The measurement can be checked for acceptability against the specification for the part. The photograph (digital file, print or negative) can be maintained as a permanent record of the optical quality of the part.1.1 This photographic practice determines the optical distortion and deviation of a line of sight through a simple transparent part, such as a commercial aircraft windshield or a cabin window. This practice applies to essentially flat or nearly flat parts and may not be suitable for highly curved materials. 1.2 Test Method F 801 addresses optical deviation (angluar deviation) and Test Method F 2156 addresses optical distortion using grid line slope. These test methods should be used instead of Practice F 733 whenever practical. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Optical Distortion and Deviation of Transparent Parts Using the Double-Exposure Method

ASTM E2662-09 用于航空航天器的平板复合材料和夹层芯材X线检查的标准实施规程

Radiologic examination may be used during product and process design optimization, on line process control, after manufacture inspection, and in service inspection. In addition to verifying structural placement, radiologic examination can be used in the case of honeycomb core materials to detect node bonds, core-to-core splices, and core-to-structure splices. Radiologic examination is especially well suited for detecting sub-surface flaws. The general types of defects detected by radiologic examination include blown core, core corrosion, damaged filaments, density variation, entrapped fluid, fiber debonding, fiber misalignment, foreign material, fractures, inclusions, microcracks, node bond failure, porosity/voids, and thickness variation. Factors that influence image formation and X-ray attenuation in radiologic examination , and which are relevant to interpreting the images for the conditions of interest, should be included in the examination request. Examples are, but not limited to, the following: laminate (matrix and fiber) material, lay-up geometry, fiber volume fraction (flat panels); facing material, core material, facing stack sequence, core geometry (cell size); core density, facing void content, adhesive void content, and facing volume percent reinforcement (sandwich core materials); overall thickness, specimen alignment, specimen geometry relative to the beam (flat panels and sandwich core materials).1.1 This practice is intended to be used as a supplement to Practices E 1742, E 1255, and E 2033. 1.2 This practice describes procedures for radiologic examination of flat panel composites and sandwich core materials made entirely or in part from fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites. Radiologic examination is: a) radiographic (RT) with film, b) Computed Radiography (CR) with Imaging Plate, c) Digital Radiology (DR) with Digital Detector Array’s (DDA), and d) Radioscopic (RTR) Real Time Radiology with a detection system such as an Image Intensifier. The composite materials under consideration typically contain continuous high modulus fibers (> 20 GPa), such as those listed in 1.4. 1.3 This practice describes established radiological examination methods that are currently used by industry that have demonstrated utility in quality assurance of flat panel composites and sandwich core materials during product process design and optimization, process control, after manufacture inspection, in service examination, and health monitoring. 1.4 This practice has utility for examination of flat panel composites and sandwich constructions containing but not limited to bismaleimide, epoxy, phenolic, poly(amide imide), polybenzimidazole, polyester (thermosetting and thermoplastic), poly(ether ether ketone), poly(ether imide), polyimide (thermosetting and thermoplastic), poly(phenylene sulfide), or polysulfone matrices; and alumina, aramid, boron, carbon, glass, quartz, or silicon carbide fibers. Typical as-fabricated geometries include uniaxial, cross ply and angle ply laminates; as well as honeycomb core sandwich constructions. 1.5 This practice does not specify accept-reject criteria and is not intended to be used as a means for approving flat panel composites or sandwich core materials for service. 1.6 To ensure proper use of the referenced standards, there are recognized nondestructive testing (NDT) specialists that are certified according to industry and company NDT specifications. It is recommended that a NDT specialist be a part of any composite component design, quality assurance, in service maintenance or damage examination. 1.7 Thi......

Standard Practice for Radiologic Examination of Flat Panel Composites and Sandwich Core Materials Used in Aerospace Applications

ASTM F311-08 用膜滤器进行粒状污染物分析用航空航天流体样品的处理

This practice provides for the processing of liquid samples obtained in accordance with Practice F 302 and Practices F 303. It will provide the optimum sample processing for visual contamination methods such as Method F 312, and Test Method F 314.1.1 This practice covers the processing of liquids in preparation for particulate contamination analysis using membrane filters and is limited only by the liquid-to-membrane filter compatibility. 1.2 The practice covers the procedure for filtering a measured volume of liquid through a membrane filter. When this practice is used, the particulate matter will be randomly distributed on the filter surface for subsequent contamination analysis methods. 1.3 The practice describes procedures to allow handling particles in the size range between 2 and 1000 μm with minimum losses during handling. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

Standard Practice for Processing Aerospace Liquid Samples for Particulate Contamination Analysis Using Membrane Filters

ASTM F311-08(2013) 用膜过滤器对颗粒污染物分析用航空航天液态试样进行处理的标准实施规程

4.1 This practice provides for the processing of liquid samples obtained in accordance with Practice F302 and Practices F303. It will provide the optimum sample processing for visual contamination methods such as Method F312, and Test Method F314. 1.1 This practice covers the processing of liquids in preparation for particulate contamination analysis using membrane filters and is limited only by the liquid-to-membrane filter compatibility. 1.2 The practice covers the procedure for filtering a measured volume of liquid through a membrane filter. When this practice is used, the particulate matter will be randomly distributed on the filter surface for subsequent contamination analysis methods. 1.3 The practice describes procedures to allow handling particles in the size range between 2 and 1000 μm with minimum losses during handling. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

Standard Practice for Processing Aerospace Liquid Samples for Particulate Contamination Analysis Using Membrane Filters

ASTM E2582-07 航空航天用合成板条和检修片红外闪热成像法的标准实施规程

FT is typically used to identify flaws that occur in the manufacture of composite structures, or to track flaw development during service. Flaws detected with FT include delamination, disbonds, voids, inclusions, foreign object debris, porosity or the presence of water that is in contact with the back surface. With dedicated signal processing and the use of representative test samples, characterization of flaw depth and size, or measurement of component thickness and thermal diffusivity may be performed. Since FT is based on the diffusion of thermal energy from the inspection surface of the specimen to the opposing surface (or the depth plane of interest), the practice requires that data acquisition allows sufficient time for this process to occur, and that at the completion of the acquisition process, the radiated surface temperature signal collected by the IR camera is strong enough to be distinguished from spurious IR contributions from background sources or system noise. This method is based on accurate detection of changes in the emitted IR energy emanating from the inspection surface during the cooling process. As the emissivity of the inspection surface deviates from ideal blackbody behavior (emissivity = 1), the signal detected by the IR camera may include components that are reflected from the inspection surface. Most composite materials can be examined without special surface preparation. However, it may be necessary to coat low-emissivity, optically translucent inspection surfaces with an optically opaque, high-emissivity water-washable paint. This practice applies to the detection of flaws with aspect ratio greater than one. This practice is based on the thermal response of a specimen to a light pulse that is uniformly distributed over the plane of the inspection surface. To ensure that 1- dimensional heat flow from the surface into the sample is the primary cooling mechanism during the data acquisition period, the height and width dimensions of the heated area should be significantly greater than the thickness of the specimen, or the depth plane of interest. This practice applies to flat panels, or to curved panels where the local surface normal is less than 30 degrees from the IR camera optical axis1.1 This practice describes a procedure for detecting subsurface flaws in composite panels and repair patches using Flash Thermography (FT), in which an infrared (IR) camera is used to detect anomalous cooling behavior of a sample surface after it has been heated with a spatially uniform light pulse from a flash lamp array.1.2 This practice describes established FT test methods that are currently used by industry, and have demonstrated utility in quality assurance of composite structures during post-manufacturing and in-service examinations.1.3 This practice has utility for testing of polymer composite panels and repair patches containing, but not limited to, bismaleimide, epoxy, phenolic, poly(amide imide), polybenzimidazole, polyester (thermosetting and thermoplastic), poly(ether ether ketone), poly(ether imide), polyimide (thermosetting and thermoplastic), poly(phenylene sulfide), or polysulfone matrices; and alumina, aramid, boron, carbon, glass, quartz, or silicon carbide fibers. Typical as-fabricated geometries include uniaxial, cross ply and angle ply laminates; as well as honeycomb core sandwich core materials.1.4 This practice has utility for testing of ceramic matrix composite panels containing, but not limited to, silicon carbide, silicon nitride and carbon matrix and fibers.1.5 This practice applies to polymer or ceramic matrix composite structures with inspection surfaces that are sufficiently optically opaque to absorb incident light, and that have sufficient emissivity to allow monitoring of the surface temperature with an IR camera. Excessively thick ......

Standard Practice for Infrared Flash Thermography of Composite Panels and Repair Patches Used in Aerospace Applications

ASTM E2580-07 航空航天用平板复合材料和夹层芯材的超声波测试用标准实施规程

This practice is intended primarily for the testing of flat panel composites and sandwich core panels to an acceptance criteria most typically specified in a purchase order or other contractual document. Basis of Application8212;There are areas in this practice that require agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization.1.1 This practice establishes two procedures for ultrasonic testing (UT) of flat panel composites and flat sandwich core panels (parallel surfaces). Typical as-fabricated lay-ups include uniaxial, cross ply and angle ply laminates; as well as honeycomb sandwich core materials. These procedures can be used throughout the life cycle of the materials; product and process design optimization, on line process control, after manufacture inspection, and in service inspection. Contact methods such as angle-beam techniques using shear waves, or surface-beam techniques using Lamb waves, are not discussed.1.2 Ultrasonic testing is a common sub surface method for detection of laminar oriented discontinuities. Two techniques can be considered based on panel surface accessibility; pulse echo for one sided and through transmission (bubblers/squirters) for two sided. As used in this practice, both require the use of a pulsed straight-beam ultrasonic longitudinal wave followed by observing indications of either the reflected (pulse-echo) or received (through transmission) wave. The general types of anomalies detected by both techniques include foreign materials, delamination, disbond/un-bond, fiber de-bonding, inclusions, porosity, and voids.1.3 This practice provides two ultrasonic test procedures. Each has its own merits and requirements for inspection and shall be selected as agreed upon in a contractual document.1.3.1 Test Procedure A, Pulse Echo (non-contacting and contacting) is at a minimum a single transducer transmitting and receiving a longitudinal wave in the range of 0.5 to 20 MHz (see Fig. 1). This procedure requires access to only one side of the specimen. This procedure can be conducted by automated or manual means. Automated and manual test results may be imaged or recorded.1.3.2 Test Procedure B, Through Transmission is a combination of two transducers. One transmits a longitudinal wave and the other receives the longitudinal wave in the range of 0.5 MHz to 20 MHz (see Fig. 2). This procedure requires access to both sides of the specimen. This procedure is automated and the examination results are recorded.1.4 This practice does not specify accept-reject criteria.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Flat Panel Composites and Sandwich Core Materials Used in Aerospace Applications

ASTM F2563-06 娱乐用主要预期飞行器工具组件用法说明的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers the instructions a kit producer must provide to a consumer in order to assemble and safely flight-test a recreational aircraft to ensure compliance with applicable ASTM standards.1.2 The instructions prescribe the necessary mechanical skills or training, or both, required for successful completion of the kit, as well as necessary tooling, fixtures, inspections, measurements, and other pertinent items required for successful completion of the kit. Proof of compliance with these instructions may be vital for obtaining flight authorizations from the applicable CAA.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Kit Assembly Instructions of Aircraft Intended Primarily for Recreation

ASTM F331-05 从航空航天部件中提取的卤化溶剂的不挥发残渣的标准试验方法(使用旋转瞬间蒸发器)

1.1 This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile matter, that is, residue on evaporation, in solvent extract from aerospace components, using a rotary flash evaporator.1.2 The procedure for extraction from components is described in practices such as Practice F 303. In cases in which analysis of particulate contamination is also required, before subjecting the extract to the following method, it should be processed in accordance with Practice F 311 (Note 0). Particle count analysis should then be performed in accordance with Test Methods F 312.Note 0Membrane filters with a maximum extractable content of 0.5 weight % should be used on samples to be processed by this test method. Conventional membranes contain 5 to 10 % extractables. For obtaining very low background levels, consideration should be given to using membranes without grid marks.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Nonvolatile Residue of Solvent Extract from Aerospace Components (Using Flash Evaporator)

ASTM F331-00 液化天然气（LNG）燃料船上现场安装低温管道和设备绝缘系统的选择和应用

1.1 This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile matter, that is, residue on evaporation, in solvent extract from aerospace components, using a rotary flash evaporator. 1.2 The procedure for extraction from components is described in practices such as PracticesF303 and Practice F305. In cases where analysis of particulate contamination is also required, prior to subjecting the extract to the following method, it should be processed in accordance with Practice F311 (Note 1). Particle count analysis should then be performed in accordance with Method F312. Identification of particulate material, if required, may be performed by Test Method F314. Note 1--Membrane filters with a maximum extractable content of 0.5 weight% should be used on samples to be processed by this test method. Conventional membranes contain 5 to 10% extractables. For obtaining very low background levels, consideration should be given to using membranes without grid marks. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Nonvolatile Residue of Solvent Extract from Aerospace Components (Using Flash Evaporator)

ASTM F311-97(2002) 用膜滤器进行粒状污染物分析用航空航天流体样品的处理

This practice provides for the processing of liquid samples obtained in accordance with Practice F 302 and Practices F 303. It will provide the optimum sample processing for visual contamination methods such as Method F 312, and Test Method F 314.1.1 This practice covers the processing of liquids in preparation for particulate contamination analysis using membrane filters and is limited only by the liquid-to-membrane filter compatibility.1.2 The practice covers the procedure for filtering a measured volume of liquid through a membrane filter. When this practice is used, the particulate matter will be randomly distributed on the filter surface for subsequent contamination analysis methods.1.3 The practice describes procedures to allow handling particles in the size range between 2 and 50 m with minimum losses during handling.

Standard Practice for Processing Aerospace Liquid Samples for Particulate Contamination Analysis Using Membrane Filters

ASTM F801-96(2002) 透明部件光学角度偏差测量的标准试验方法

One of the measures of optical quality of a transparent part is its angular deviation. Excessive angular deviation, or variations in angular deviation throughout the part, result in visible distortion of scenes viewed through the part. Angular deviation, its detection, and quantification are of extreme importance in the area of certain aircraft transparency applications, that is, aircraft equipped with Heads-up Displays (HUD). HUDs may require stringent control over the optics of the portion of the transparency (windscreen or canopy) which lies between the HUD combining glass and the external environment. Military aircraft equipped with HUDs or similar devices require precise knowledge of the effects of the windscreen or canopy on image position in order to maintain weapons aiming accuracy. Two optical parameters have the effect of changing image position. The first, lateral displacement, is inherent in any transparency which is tilted with respect to the line of sight. The effect of lateral displacement is constant over distance, and seldom exceeds a fraction of an inch. The second parameter, angular deviation, is usually caused by a wedginess or nonparallelism of the transparency surfaces. The effect of angular deviation is related to the tangent of the angle of deviation, thus the magnitude of the image position displacement increases as does the distance between image and transparency. The quantification of angular deviation is then the more critical of the two parameters.1.1 This test method covers measuring the angular deviation of a light ray imposed by transparent parts such as aircraft windscreens and canopies. The results are uncontaminated by the effects of lateral displacement, and the procedure may be performed in a relatively short optical path length. This is not intended as a referee standard. It is one convenient method for measuring angular deviations through transparent windows.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measuring Optical Angular Deviation of Transparent Parts

ASTM F733-90(1997)e1 用双曝光法测定透明部件的光学畸变和偏差的标准实施规范

1.1 This photographic practice determines the optical distortion and deviation of a line of sight through a simple transparent part, such as a commercial aircraft windshield or a cabin window. This practice applies to essentially flat or nearly flat parts and may not be suitable for highly curved materials. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Optical Distortion and Deviation of Transparent Parts Using the Double-Exposure Method

ASTM F733-90(2003) 用双曝光法测定透明部件的光学畸变和偏差的标准实施规范

Transparent parts, such as aircraft windshields and windows, can be inspected using this practice, and the amount of optical distortion or deviation can be measured. The measurement can be checked for acceptability against the specification for the part. The photograph (print or negative) can be maintained as a permanent record of the optical quality of the part.1.1 This photographic practice determines the optical distortion and deviation of a line of sight through a simple transparent part, such as a commercial aircraft windshield or a cabin window. This practice applies to essentially flat or nearly flat parts and may not be suitable for highly curved materials.1.2 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Optical Distortion and Deviation of Transparent Parts Using the Double-Exposure Method