59.080.30 (Textile fabrics) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D3774-18 纺织品宽度的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the width of woven or knitted fabrics, usable width, or both. The method is applicable to full rolls, bolts of fabric, and short specimens removed from a roll or bolt. Unless otherwise specified, measurements shall include the selvages when present. 1.2 The method offers two options: 1.2.1 Option A—Full Roll or Bolt. 1.2.2 Option B—Short Specimen Removed from Full Roll or Bolt. 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or U.S. customary units are to be regarded as standard. The U.S. customary units may be approximate. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Methods for Width of Textile Fabric

ASTM D5587-14 使用梯形方法的织物撕破强度的标准试验方法

5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments because current estimates of between-laboratory precision are acceptable, and this test method is used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing. 5.2 If there are differences of practical significance between test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative test should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, use the samples for such a comparative test that are as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results during initial testing. Randomly assign the samples in equal numbers to each laboratory. The test results from the laboratories involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias. 5.3 The trapezoid tear produces tension along a reasonably defined course such that the tear propagates across the width of the specimen. It is useful for estimating the relative tear resistance of different fabrics or different directions in the same fabric. 5.4 Depending on the nature of the specimen, the data recording devices will show the tearing force in the form of a peak or peaks. The highest peaks appear to reflect the strength of the yarn components, individually or in combination, needed to stop a tear in fabrics of the same construction. The valleys recorded between the peaks have no specific significance. The minimum tearing force, however, is indicated to be above the lowest valleys. 5.5 Most textile fabrics can be tested by this test method. Some modification of clamping techniques may be necessary for a given fabric, depending upon its structure. Strong fabrics or fabrics made from glass fibers require special adaptation to prevent them from slipping in the clamps or being damaged as a result of being gripped in the clamps. In some cases, due to fabric constructions, individual yarns may not rupture but show a high peak and yarn distortion within the test specimen. Wherever possible, this shall be prevented. If you have tried all of these steps and yarn distortion still occurs, this must be included in the report. 5.6 The CRE-type is the preferred tensile testing machine. This test method allows the use of the CRT-type tensile machine when agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier. There may be no overall correlation, however, between the results obtained with the CRT-type machine and the CRE-type machine. Consequently, these two tensile testers cannot be used interchangeably unless the degree of quantitative correlation has been established between the purchaser and the supplier. In any event, the CRE-type machine shall prevail. 1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the tearing strength of textile fabrics by the trapezoid procedure using a recording constant-rate-of-extension-type (CRE) tensile testing machine. 1.1.1 The CRE-type tensile testing machine has become the preferred test apparatus for determining trapezoid tearing strength. It is recognized that some constant-rate-of-traverse-type (CRT) tensile testing machines continue to be used. Consequently, these test instruments may be used when agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier......

Standard Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by Trapezoid Procedure

ASTM D4114-14 妇女和女孩衣服用机织平面衬里织物的标准性能规格

5.1 Upon agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, fabrics intended for this end use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1 of this performance specification. 5.2 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics the ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics may find acceptable fabrics that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of the requirements listed in Table 1 may be modified upon agreement between the purchaser and the supplier. 5.2.1 In such cases, any references to the specification shall specify that: “This fabric meets ASTM Specification D4114 except for the following characteristic(s).” 5.3 Where no prepurchase agreement has been reached between the purchaser and the supplier, and in case of controversy, the requirements listed in Table 1 are intended to be used as a guide only. As noted in 5.2, ultimate consumer demands dictate varying performance parameters for any particular style of fabric. 5.4 The uses and significance of particular properties and methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified test methods. 1.1 This performance specification covers woven flat fabrics comprised of any textile fiber or mixture of fibers to be used as linings for women's and girls' apparel. 1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to woven pile, woven fusible, fire-bonded fusible, sliver-knit pile, and sheepskin lining fabrics. 1.3 These requirements apply to the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent. 1.4 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this performance specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Performance Specification for Woven Flat Lining Fabrics for Womenrsquo;s and Girlsrsquo; Apparel

ASTM D1388-14 织物硬挺性的标准试验方法

5.1 Both test options in this test method are considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments since current estimates of between-laboratory precision are acceptable and the method is used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing. 5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. Test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using the appropriate statistical analysis and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results with consideration to the known bias. 5.2 In general, these procedures are more suitable for testing woven fabrics than knit fabrics. 5.3 The Cantilever Test Option is the preferred procedure because it is simpler to perform. It is, however, not suitable for very limp fabrics or those that show a marked tendency to curl or twist at a cut edge. 5.4 The Heart Loop Test Option is suitable for fabrics that show a tendency to curl or twist. 5.5 Both options can provide a correlation with a subjective evaluation of a given fabric type. That is, a higher number represents a stiffer fabric. 5.6 The stiffness of a fabric may change with storage. 5.7 No evidence has been found showing that bending length is dependent on the width. The tendency for specimens to curl or twist will affect the result, because of the rigidity provided at the edge. Consequently, the wider the strip, the less important is the edge effect. 1.1 This test method covers the measurement of stiffness properties of fabrics. Bending length is measured and flexural rigidity is calculated. Two procedures are provided. 1.1.1 Option A—Cantilever Test, employing the principle of cantilever bending of the fabric under its own mass. 1.1.2 Option B—Heart Loop Test, employing the principle of a loop formed in a fabric strip and hung vertically. 1.2 This test method applies to most fabrics including woven fabrics, air bag fabrics, blankets, napped fabrics, knitted fabrics, layered fabrics, ......

Standard Test Method for Stiffness of Fabrics

ASTM D1518-14 使用电热板的击打系统热变电阻的标准试验方法

4.1 The thermal resistance of a batting or batting/fabric system is of considerable importance in determining its suitability for use in fabricating cold weather protective clothing, sleeping bags, and bedding systems. The thermal interchange between man and his environment is, however, an extremely complicated subject which involves many factors in addition to the insulation values of fabrics and battings. Therefore, measured thermal insulation values can only indicate relative merit of a particular material. 1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the thermal resistance, under steady-state conditions, of battings and batting/fabric systems, and other materials within the limits specified in 1.2. It measures the heat transfer from a warm, dry, constant-temperature, horizontal flat-plate up through a layer of the test material to a cool atmosphere and calculates the resistance of the material. The measurements are made under still air conditions (Option 1) or with a horizontal air flow over the specimen (Option 2). 1.2 For practical purposes, this test method is limited to determinations on specimens of battings and layered batting/fabric assemblies having an intrinsic thermal resistance from 0.1 to 1.5 K·m2/W and thicknesses not in excess of 50 mm. 1.3 This test method also provides a method for determining the bulk density of the material, the insulation per unit thickness, and the insulation per unit weight. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Thermal Resistance of Batting Systems Using a Hot Plate

ASTM D7507-14 服装用机织高拉弹性织物的标准规范

4.1 Upon mutual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, woven high stretch fabrics used in apparel should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1 of this specification.TABLE 1 Specification Requirements Characteristic Requirements 8199;Section   One-Way Stretch   Two-Way Stretch   Dimensional Change to Home Laundering 3 Cycles ±3 %   ±5 % 8199;7.1.18199;           Dimensional Change to Drycleaning 8201;8201;1 Cycle ±2 %     7.1.2      

Standard Specification for Woven High Stretch Fabrics Used in Apparel

ASTM D3511/D3511M-13 纺织纤维的抗起球性和其他相关表面变化的标准试验方法:毛刷式起球试验仪

5.1 Acceptance Testing???This method of testing fabrics for resistance to pilling is not recommended for acceptance testing. If it is used for acceptance testing, it should be used with caution because interlaboratory data are not available. In some cases the purchaser and the supplier may have to test a commercial shipment of one or more specific materials by the best available method, even though the method has not been recommended for acceptance testing. 5.1.1 If there are differences or practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, the test samples should be used that are as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the material from which the disparate test results were obtained, and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. Other materials with established test values may be used for this purpose. The test results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias. 5.2 The pilling of textile fabrics is a very complex property because it is affected by many factors which may include type of fiber or blends, fiber dimensions, yarn and fabric construction, fabric finishing treatments and refurbishing method. Testing before refurbishing may be adviseable. The pilling resistance of a specific fabric in actual wear varies more with general conditions of use and individual wearers than in replicate fabric specimens subjected to controlled laboratory tests. This experience should be borne in mind when adopting levels of acceptability for any series of standards. 5.3 Pills vary appreciably in size and appearance and depend on the presence of lint and degree of color contrast. These factors are not evaluated when pilling is rated solely on the number of pills. The development of pills may be accompanied by other surface phenomena such as loss of cover, color change, or the development of fuzz. Since the overall acceptability of a specific fabric is dependent on both the characteristics of the pills and the other factors affecting surface appearance, it is suggested that fabrics tested in the laboratory be evaluated subjectively with regard to their acceptability and not rated solely on the number of pills developed. A series of standards, based on graduated degrees of surface change of the fabric type being tested, may be set up to provide a basis for subjective ratings. The visual standards are most advantageous when the laboratory test specimens correlate closely in appearance with worn fabrics and show a similar ratio of pills to fuzz. Counting the pills and weighing their number with respect to their size and contrast, as a combined measure of pilling resistance, is not recommended because of the excessive time required for counting, sizing, and calculation. 5.4 The degree of fabric pilling is evaluated by comparing the tested specimens with visual standards, which may be actual fabrics or photographs of fabrics, showing a range of pilling resistance. The observed resistance to pilling is reported on an arbitrary scale ranging from 5 (no pilling) to 1 (very severe pilling). 5.5 This test method is applica......

Standard Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Other Related Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Brush Pilling Tester

ASTM D5430-13 织物目视检验分级的标准试验方法

5.1 Test Method D5430 is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing a commercial shipments since the method has been used extensively in the trade for grading of fabric and fabric acceptance determination. 5.2 The penalty points obtained in grading the same rolls or bolts of fabric may vary considerably when using each of the three options listed herein. For this reason, the same point assignment option should be used in cases of disagreement arising from differences of values reported by the purchaser and the supplier. 5.3 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative test should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, ensure the test samples to be used are as homogeneous as possible, are drawn from the material from which the disparate test results ere obtained, and are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The test results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias. 1.1 These test methods describe a procedure to establish a numerical designation for grading of fabrics from a visual inspection. 1.2 These test methods may be used for the delivery and acceptance of fabrics with requirements mutually agreed upon by the purchaser and the supplier. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Visually Inspecting and Grading Fabrics

ASTM D4157-13 纺织纤维耐磨性的标准试验方法(摆辊式耐磨试验法)

5.1 The measurement of the resistance to abrasion of textile and other materials is very complex. The resistance to abrasion is affected by many factors, such as the inherent mechanical properties of the fibers; the dimensions of the fibers; the structure of the yarns; the construction of the fabrics; and the type, kind, and amount of finishing material added to the fibers, yarns, or fabric. 5.2 The resistance to abrasion is also greatly affected by the conditions of the tests, such as the nature of abradant; variable action of the abradant over the area of specimen abraded, the tension of the specimen, the pressure between the specimen and abradant, and the dimensional changes in the specimen. 5.3 Abrasion tests are all subject to variation due to changes in the abradant during specific tests. The abradant must accordingly be changed at frequent intervals or checked periodically against a standard. With disposable abradants, the abradant is used only once or changed after limited use. With permanent abradants that use hardened metal or equivalent surfaces, it is assumed that the abradant will not change appreciably in a specific series of tests, but obviously similar abradants used in different laboratories will not likely change at the same rate due to differences in usage. Permanent abradants may also change due to pick up of finishing or other material from test fabrics and must accordingly be cleaned at frequent intervals. The measurement of the relative amount of abrasion may also be affected by the method of evaluation and may be influenced by the judgment of the operator. 5.4 The resistance of textile materials to abrasion as measured on a testing machine in the laboratory is generally only one of several factors contributing to wear performance or durability as experienced in the actual use of the material. While “abrasion resistance” (often stated in terms of the number of cycles on a specified machine, using a specified technique to produce a specified degree or amount of abrasion) and “durability” (defined as the ability to withstand deterioration or wearing out in use, including the effects of abrasion) are frequently related, the relationship varies with different end uses, and different factors may be necessary in any calculation of predicted durability from specific abrasion data. Laboratory tests may be reliable as an indication of relative end-use performance in cases where the difference in abrasion resistance of various materials is large, but they should not be relied upon where differences in laboratory test findings are small. In general, they should not be relied upon for prediction of actual wear-life in specific end uses unless there are data showing the specific relationship between laboratory abrasion tests and actual wear in the intended end-use. 5.5 These general observations apply to all types of fabrics, including woven, nonwoven, and knit apparel fabrics, household fabrics, industrial fabrics, and floor coverings. It is not surprising, therefore, to find that there are many different types of abrasion testing machines, abradants, testing conditions, testing procedures, methods of evaluation of abrasion resistance, and interpretation of results. 5.6 All the test methods and instruments so far developed for abrasion resistance may show a high degree of variability in results obtained by different operators and in different laboratories; however, they represent the methods now mo......

Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method)

ASTM D7140/D7140M-13 测量织物热阻材料中热传递的标准试验方法

5.1 This test method measures the level of heat transfer through the thermal barrier textile material within a specific period of time. 5.2 This test method is used to evaluate thermal barriers and determine if they are able to withstand impingement by an open flame. 5.2.1 This test method is used to evaluate heat transfer when thermal barrier textile materials are used in conjunction with materials that demonstrate any of the following behaviors when exposed to high heat: break opencharringdrippingembrittlement ignitionmeltingshrinkage 5.3 This test method cannot be used in place of the full scale test method TB603 or 16 CFR 1633.Note 1—This test method is intended to be used to evaluate thermal barrier textile material, used as the thermal barrier component for mattresses that are tested to comply with California Technical Bulletin 603 (TB603) or with 16 CFR 1633, two standards which are technically identical. Data obtained by using this method is intended to provide information as to whether it would be helpful to proceed with the full scale testing. 5.3.1 This test method can be used as part of a supplier quality assurance program. 5.4 This test method is not intended to be used in evaluating heat transfer of thermal barrier textile materials used in protective clothing. 5.5 This test method is not recommended for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, since information on interlaboratory precision is incomplete. In some cases the purchaser and the supplier shall agree to test a commercial shipment of one or more specific materials and establish their own interlaboratory precision and bias, and also agree on acceptability limits. 1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of heat transfer of textile materials which are used as thermal barriers when exposed to a calibrated convective and radiant energy heat source for 60 s. 1.1.1 This standard is used to determine if the heat transfer is sufficient to ignite flammable materials which are contiguous to the textile thermal barriers. 1.2 This standard is used as a means to differentiate textile materials. 1.3 This test method is not intended to measure the insulation properties of materials used in protective clothing. 1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each s......

Standard Test Method to Measure Heat Transfer Through Textile Thermal Barrier Materials

ASTM D5362-13 织物防钩丝性标准试验方法(豆袋试验法)

5.1 Acceptance Testing—This test method may be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of fabrics because the precision is acceptable (see 15.1). 5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, use the samples for such a comparative test that are as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results during initial testing and randomly assigned in equal number to each laboratory. The test results from the laboratories involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias. 5.2 This test method may be used for quality control testing of fabrics during manufacturing and product comparisons of different fabrics by manufacturers, retailers, and users. This test method may also be used by researchers to examine the effect of new fibers, yarns, fabric constructions, and finishes on the snagging resistance of fabrics. 5.3 This test method may be used to test the snagging resistance of most apparel and home furnishings fabrics. However, a different test method (see 5.3.1) may be needed for different types of fabrics and different end-uses (such as towels, swimwear, slacks, and upholstery). 5.3.1 Some fabrics which may not be suitable for this test method are described in 1.2. Many open construction fabrics can be tested for snagging resistance using AATCC Test Method8201;65. Many heavy or stiff fabrics can be tested for snagging resistance using Test Method D3939. The snagging resistance of many pile floor coverings can be tested by Test Method D1335. 5.4 Because fabric snagging can be affected by laundering or drycleaning, it may be advisable to test the snagging resistance of a fabric before and after laundering or drycleaning. 5.5 The snagging resistance of a specific fabric varies with individual wearers and general conditions of use. Therefore, it can be expected that garments of the same fabric will show a fairly wide snagging resistance spectrum after wear and much greater variation in wear than in replicate fabric specimens subjected to controlled laboratory tests. This factor should be considered when adopting levels of acceptability for any specification that includes snagging resistance. 5.6 Snags observed in worn garments vary appreciably in number and appearance. The appearance of a snag depends particularly on (1) t......

Standard Test Method for Snagging Resistance of Fabrics (Bean Bag)

ASTM D3938-13 服装和其他纺织品用确定或确认标签用法的标准指南

4.1 This is a guide to help a manufacturer distributor, or importer establish a reasonable basis for care information. 4.2 The manufacturer, distributor, or importer should possess, prior to sale, reliable evidence that the product was not harmed when refurbished reasonably often according to the instructions. Additionally they should possess reliable evidence that the product or a fair sample of the product would be harmed when refurbished by methods warned against on the label. 4.3 This guide is intended for general use by those who wish to determine whether apparel or other textile products will perform in an acceptable manner when the care instructions on the label are followed. 4.4 Refurbished products are evaluated against previously selected product performance specifications to determine whether the products can be refurbished successfully by following the instructions on the care label. 1.1 This guide may be used to determine and confirm the appropriate care label instructions for apparel, piece goods, and other textile products excluding textile floor coverings and upholstery. 1.2 This guide encompasses the following care procedures: home laundering, professional textile care, and other alternative cleaning methods. 1.3 This guide includes provision for evaluating the complete textile product and the product components. 1.4 This guide covers the performance characteristics as a result of refurbishing that are important in determining the acceptability of a textile product. 1.5 This guide is appropriate for the evaluation of all garments and household textiles that are sold with care labels. 1.5.1 This guide may also be used in connection with the evaluation of similar materials that do not have a care label. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Determining or Confirming Care Instructions for Apparel and Other Textile Products

ASTM D7811-13 使用材料工具对弓纬与纬斜的标准试验方法

5.1 This test method provides a standard procedure for obtaining data for research and development, quality control, acceptance and rejection under specifications, and for special purposes. 5.2 The data obtained by this test method is applicable to the material under the conditions of this particular test and is not necessarily the same as obtained under other environments in use. 5.3 This test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments. 5.4 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, the test samples to be used are as homogeneous as possible, are drawn from the material from which the disparate test results were obtained, and are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. Other fabrics with established test values may be used for this purpose. The test results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias. 5.5 Bow or skew can be induced during fabric manufacturing, dyeing, tentering, finishing, or other operations where a potential exists for uneven distribution of tensions across the fabric width. Bow and skew are more visually displeasing in colored, patterned fabrics such as plaids and horizontal stripes rather than in solid colors because the contrast makes the distortion more prominent. These defects may cause sewing problems in such fabrics and draping problems in finished products. Wavy or sharp breaks in the bow line are more detrimental to the appearance of small specimens of a sewn assembly. 1.1 This test method is used to determine the bow and skew of woven and knitted fabrics over a fixed distance, using a measuring tool. 1.2 This test method is useful when a small specimen or cut parts need to be evaluated for bow and skew, provided a warp or fill, or both, reference line is available, to aid in aligning the tool. 1.3 Test Method D3882 may be used when measuring bow and skew in fabric in rolls. However, results obtained with D3882 may not be comparable with results obtained by this test method. 1.4 There is no known ISO equivalent standard. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine......

Standard Test Method for Bow and Skew Using a Measuring Tool

ASTM D2261-13 用舌(单瑞普)程序(恒速扩展拉力试验机)测定织物撕裂强度的标准试验方法

5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments since current estimates of between-laboratory precision are acceptable, and the test method is used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing. 5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of fabric of the type in question. Test specimens then should be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using the appropriate statistical analysis and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results with consideration to the known bias. 5.2 The force registered in a tear test is irregular, and as a consequence, empirical methods have had to be developed to obtain usable values related to tear strength. In spite of the empirical nature of the reported values, the values are considered to reflect comparative performance of similar fabrics tested and measured in the same way. No known procedure is available that can be used with all fabrics to determine the minimum tearing strength. 5.3 Depending on the nature of the specimen, the data recording devices will show the tearing force in the form of a peak or peaks. The highest peaks appear to reflect the strength of the yarn components, fiber bonds, or fiber interlocks, individually or in combination, needed to stop a tear in a fabric of the same construction. The valleys recorded between the peaks have no specific significance. The minimum tearing force, however, is indicated to be above the lowest valleys. 5.4 Most textile fabrics can be tested by this test method. Some modification of clamping techniques may be necessary for a given fabric due to its structure. Strong fabrics or fabrics made from glass fibers usually require special adaptation to prevent them from slipping in the clamps or being damaged as a result of being gripped in the clamps. 5.5 The CRE-type tensile testing machine has become the preferred test apparatus for determining tongue tearing strength. It is recognized that some constant-rate-of-traverse-type (CRT) tensile testing machines continue to be used. Consequently, these test instruments may be used when agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier. The conditions for use of the CRT-type tester are included in Appendix X1. 1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the tearing strength of textile fabrics by the tongue (single rip) procedure using a recording constant-rate-of-extension-type (CRE) tensile testing machine. 1.1.1 The CRE-type tensile testing machine has become the preferred test apparatus for determining tongue tearing ......

Standard Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-Extension Tensile Testing Machine)

ASTM D3939/D3939M-13 织物防钩丝性的标准试验方法(钉锤法)

5.1 This test method is not considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of fabrics because the between-laboratory precision of the test method is poor (see 15.1). 5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative test should be performed to determine if there is a statistical significant difference between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, use the samples for such a comparative test that are as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results during initial testing and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. The test results from the laboratories involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or future testing for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the statistically significant differences. 5.2 This test method may be used for quality control testing of fabrics during manufacturing and product comparisons of different fabrics by manufacturers, retailers, and users. This test method may also be used by researchers to examine the effect of new fibers, yarns, fabric constructions, and finishes on the snagging resistance of fabrics. 5.3 This test method may be used to test the snagging resistance of most apparel and home furnishings fabrics. However, a different test method may be needed for different types of fabrics and different end-uses (such as towels, pants, and upholstery) (see 5.3.1). 5.3.1 Some fabrics that may not be suitable for this test method are described in 1.2. Many open construction fabrics can be tested for snagging resistance using AATCC Test Method 65. The snagging resistance of many pile floor coverings can be tested by Test Method D1335. Test Method D5362 (Bean Bag) may also be considered as an alternative for testing the snagging resistance of fabrics. This test method does not apply to the ABC Snag Tester. 5.4 Since fabric snagging can be affected by laundering or drycleaning, it may be advisable to test the snagging resistance of a fabric before and after laundering or drycleaning. 5.5 The snagging resistance of a specific fabric varies with individual wearers and general conditions of use. Therefore, it can be expected that garments of the same fabric will show a fairly wide snagging resistance spectrum after wear and much greater variation in wear than in replicate fabric specimens subjected to controlled laboratory tests. This factor should be considered when adopting levels of acceptability for any specification that includes snagging resistance. 5.6 Snags observed in worn garments vary appreciably in number a..........

Standard Test Method for Snagging Resistance of Fabrics (Mace)

ASTM D3786/D3786M-13 织物破裂强度的标准试验方法.薄膜破裂强度试验器法

5.1 This method for the determination of diaphragm bursting strength of knitted, nonwoven and woven fabrics is being used by the textile industry for the evaluation of a wide variety of end uses. 5.2 In cases where test results obtained using the procedures in Test Method D3786 have not been correlated with actual performance, Test Method D3786 is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of textile fabrics for bursting strength since the method has been used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing. In cases where disagreement arising from differences in values reported by the purchaser and the supplier when using Test Method D3786 for acceptance testing, the statistical bias, if any, between the laboratory of the purchaser and the laboratory of the supplier should be determined with comparison based on testing specimens randomly drawn from one sample of material of the type being evaluated.Note 2???The kind of load transfer and stretch that occur when knitted goods and nonwoven fabrics are worn are prevented by clamping them as described in this method. 1.1 This test method describes the measurement of the resistance of textile fabrics to bursting using a hydraulic or pneumatic diaphragm bursting tester. This test method is generally applicable to a wide variety of textile products. 1.2 This test method may also be applicable for stretch woven and woven industrial fabrics such as inflatable restraints. 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.Note 1???For the measurement of the bursting strength by means of a ball burst mechanism, refer to Test Method D3787. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textile Fabricsmdash;Diaphragm Bursting Strength Tester Method

ASTM D4966-12e1 纺织品耐磨性的标准试验方法(马丁代尔(Martindale)磨损试验机法)

5.1 Acceptance Testing—this test method is not considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of fabric. The between-laboratory precision of this test method is poor and, because of the nature of abrasion testing itself, technicians frequently fail to obtain results in agreement on the same type of testing instrument, both within and between laboratories. Although this test method is not recommended for acceptance testing, it is useful because it is used widely, especially outside the United States. 5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens then should be assigned randomly in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Students t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in light of the known bias. 5.2 The resistance to abrasion also is affected greatly by the conditions of the tests, such as the nature of abradant; variable action of the abradant over the area of specimen abraded, the tension on the specimen, the pressure between the specimen and abradant, and the dimensional changes in the specimen. 5.3 Abrasion tests are all subject to variation due to changes in the abradant during specific tests. The abradant must be changed accordingly at frequent intervals or checked periodically against a standard. With disposable abradants, the abradant is used only once or changed after limited use. With permanent abradants that use hardened metal or equivalent surfaces, it is assumed that the abradant will not change appreciably in a specific series of tests, but obviously similar abradants used in different laboratories will not likely change at the same rate due to differences in usage. Permanent abradants also may change due to pick up of finishing or other material from test fabrics and must accordingly be cleaned at frequent intervals. The measurement of the relative amount of abrasion also may be affected by the method of evaluation and may be influenced by the judgment of the operator. 5.4 The resistance of textile materials to abrasion as measured on a testing machine in the laboratory is generally only one of several factors contributing to wear performance or durability as experienced in the actual use of the material. While “abrasion resistance” (often stated in terms of the number of cycles on a specified machine, using a specified technique to produce a specified degree or amount of abrasion) and “durability” (defined as the ability to withstand deterioration or wearing out in use, including the effects of abrasion) frequently are related, the relationship varies with different end uses, and different factors may be necessary in any calculation of predicted durability from specific abrasion data.

Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)

ASTM D3775-12 机织物经纱(端部)和纬纱数(挑选)的标准试验方法

1.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative test should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, use the samples for such a comparative test that are as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results during initial testing and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. The test results from the laboratories involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias. 5.1.2 This test method is suitable for use with narrow fabrics when the count across the total width is measured in the narrow direction and extrapolated to the number of yarns per centimetre or inch. 1.1 This test method covers the measurement of warp end count and filling pick count and is applicable to all types of woven fabrics. Note 1???Historically, the term fabric count has been used to describe the end and pick count of woven fabrics. The terms warp (end) and filling (pick) count are replacing the term fabric count, to provide clarity. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Warp (End) and Filling (Pick) Count of Woven Fabrics

ASTM D6544-12 紫外线(UV)传输测试前纺织品制备标准规程

The significance of this practice is that cloth, labeled as UV-protective, which will ultimately be submitted for UV transmittance testing will be in a state that simulates their condition at the end of two years of normal seasonal use. Therefore, the UV-protection level ultimately placed on a label estimates the maximum UV transmittance of the garment fabric during a two-year life cycle.1.1 This practice covers standardized exposures to laundering, simulated sunlight, and chlorinated pool water to which cloth, labeled as ultraviolet-(UV) protective, must be exposed prior to testing for UV transmission. 1.2 This practice leads to measurement of the residual level of UV-protection in fabrics or garments labeled as sun- or UV-protective, after exposure to conditions that relate to about two years of seasonal use. The UV transmission measurements may be done in accordance with AATCC Test Method 183 using fabrics prepared in accordance with this practice. This measurement may be used in support of a label statement regarding UV protection. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Preparation of Textiles Prior to Ultraviolet (UV) Transmission Testing

ASTM D3786/D3786M-12 织物破裂强度的标准试验方法.薄膜破裂强度试验器法

1.1 This test method describes the measurement of the resistance of textile fabrics to bursting using a hydraulic or pneumatic diaphragm bursting tester. This test method is generally applicable to a wide variety of textile products. 1.2 This test method may also be applicable for stretch woven and woven industrial fabrics such as inflatable restraints. 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.Note 1???For the measurement of the bursting strength by means of a ball burst mechanism, refer to Test Method D3787. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textile Fabricsmdash;Diaphragm Bursting Strength Tester Method