71.080.01 (Organic chemicals in general) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D5790-95(2006) 用毛细管柱气体色谱/质谱法测量水中可清除有机化合物的标准试验方法

Purgeable organic compounds have been identified as contaminants in treated drinking water, wastewater, ground water, and Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) leachate. These contaminants may be harmful to the environment and to people. Purge and trap sampling is a generally applicable procedure for concentrating these components prior to gas chromatographic analysis.1.1 This test method covers the identification and simultaneous measurement of purgeable volatile organic compounds. It has been validated for treated drinking water, wastewater, and ground water. This test method is not limited to these particular aqueous matrices; however, the applicability of this test method to other aqueous matrices must be demonstrated.1.2 This test method is applicable to a wide range of organic compounds that have sufficiently high volatility and low water solubility to be efficiently removed from water samples using purge and trap procedures. lists the compounds that have been validated for this test method. This test method is not limited to the compounds listed in ; however, the applicability of the test method to other compounds must be demonstrated. 1.3 Analyte concentrations up to approximately 200 956;g/L may be determined without dilution of the sample. Analytes that are inefficiently purged from water will not be detected when present at low concentrations, but they can be measured with acceptable accuracy and precision when present in sufficient amounts.1.4 Analytes that are not separated chromatographically, but that have different mass spectra and noninterfering quantitation ions, can be identified and measured in the same calibration mixture or water sample. Analytes that have very similar mass spectra cannot be individually identified and measured in the same calibration mixture or water sample unless they have different retention times. Coeluting compounds with very similar mass spectra, such as structural isomers, must be reported as an isomeric group or pair. Two of the three isomeric xylenes are examples of structural isomers that may not be resolved on the capillary column, and if not, must be reported as an isomeric pair.1.5 It is the responsibility of the user to ensure the validity of this test method for untested matrices.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

ASTM D5790-95(2012) 利用毛细管柱气体色谱/质谱法测量水中可清除有机化合物的标准试验方法

Purgeable organic compounds have been identified as contaminants in treated drinking water, wastewater, ground water, and Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) leachate. These contaminants may be harmful to the environment and to people. Purge and trap sampling is a generally applicable procedure for concentrating these components prior to gas chromatographic analysis.1.1 This test method covers the identification and simultaneous measurement of purgeable volatile organic compounds. It has been validated for treated drinking water, wastewater, and ground water. This test method is not limited to these particular aqueous matrices; however, the applicability of this test method to other aqueous matrices must be demonstrated. 1.2 This test method is applicable to a wide range of organic compounds that have sufficiently high volatility and low water solubility to be efficiently removed from water samples using purge and trap procedures. Table 1 lists the compounds that have been validated for this test method. This test method is not limited to the compounds listed in Table 1; however, the applicability of the test method to other compounds must be demonstrated. 1.3 Analyte concentrations up to approximately 200 μg/L may be determined without dilution of the sample. Analytes that are inefficiently purged from water will not be detected when present at low concentrations, but they can be measured with acceptable accuracy and precision when present in sufficient amounts. 1.4 Analytes that are not separated chromatographically, but that have different mass spectra and noninterfering quantitation ions, can be identified and measured in the same calibration mixture or water sample. Analytes that have very similar mass spectra cannot be individually identified and measured in the same calibration mixture or water sample unless they have different retention times. Coeluting compounds with very similar mass spectra, such as structural isomers, must be reported as an isomeric group or pair. Two of the three isomeric xylenes are examples of structural isomers that may not be resolved on the capillary column, and if not, must be reported as an isomeric pair. 1.5 It is the responsibility of the user to ensure the validity of this test method for untested matrices. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

ASTM D5351-93(2009) 用萃取滴定法(试验方法B)测定有机结合的三氧化硫的标准试验方法

This test method is intended for the determination of organically combined sulfuric anhydride in sulfated oils.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the organically combined sulfuric anhydride existing in a sample of sulfated oil by extracting the undecomposed sulfated fat and other fatty matter over an acidulated, concentrated salt solution, boiling the residue with sulfuric acid after evaporating the solvent, and titrating the products of reaction. This test method is applicable only to sulfated oils that split off their combined SO3 upon boiling with mineral acids, including samples containing sodium acetate or other compounds that cannot be accurately titrated in water solution with methyl orange as the indicator. This test method was derived from Test Methods D 500, Sections 20 through 24, and ALCA Method H-43. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Organically Combined Sulfuric Anhydride by Extraction Titration, Test Method B

ASTM D5351-93(2003) 用萃取滴定法(试验方法B)测定有机结合的三氧化硫的试验方法

This test method is intended for the determination of organically combined sulfuric anhydride in sulfated oils.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the organically combined sulfuric anhydride existing in a sample of sulfated oil by extracting the undecomposed sulfated fat and other fatty matter over an acidulated, concentrated salt solution, boiling the residue with sulfuric acid after evaporating the solvent, and titrating the products of reaction. This test method is applicable only to sulfated oils that split off their combined SO3 upon boiling with mineral acids, including samples containing sodium acetate or other compounds that cannot be accurately titrated in water solution with methyl orange as the indicator. This test method was derived from Test Methods D 500, Sections 20 through 24, and ALCA Method H-43.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Organically Combined Sulfuric Anhydride by Extraction Titration, Test Method B

ASTM D5386-93b(2000)e1 使用三刺激比色法测定液体颜色的标准测试方法

1.1 This test method covers an instrumental method for the CIE (Commission International de l''Eclairage) tristimulus measurement of the color of near-clear liquid samples. The measurement is converted to color ratings in the platinum-cobalt system. 1.2 This test method has been found applicable to the color measurement of clear, liquid samples, free of haze, with nominal platinum cobalt color values in the 0 to 30 range. It is applicable to nonfluorescent liquids with light absorption characteristics similar to those of the platinum cobalt color standard solutions. Test Methods D1686, D2108, and E450 deal with the visual and instrumental measurement of near-clear liquids. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Color of Liquids Using Tristimulus Colorimetry

ASTM D1157-91(2014) 轻质烃总抑制剂含量(TBC)的标准试验方法

4.1 p-tertiary-butylcatechol is commonly added to commercial butadiene in amounts of 50 to 250 mg/kg as an oxidation inhibitor. This test method is suitable for use by both producers and users of butadiene within the limitations described in Section 1. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of total p-tertiary-butylcatechol inhibitor added to polymerization and recycle grades of butadiene or to other C4 hydrocarbon mixtures containing no phenolic material other than catechol or no oxidized phenolic material other than that derived from oxidation of catechol. In general, all phenols and their quinone oxidation products are included in the calculated catechol content. Small amounts of polymer do not interfere. This test method is applicable over the range of TBC from 50 to 5008201;mg/kg. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Total Inhibitor Content (TBC) of Light Hydrocarbons

ASTM D1157-91(2004) 轻质烃总抑制剂含量(TBC)的标准试验方法

p-tertiary-butylcatechol is commonly added to commercial butadiene in amounts of 50 to 250 mg/kg as an oxidation inhibitor. This test method is suitable for use by both producers and users of butadiene within the limitations described in Section 1.1.1 This test method covers the determination of total p-tertiary-butylcatechol inhibitor added to polymerization and recycle grades of butadiene or to other C4 hydrocarbon mixtures containing no phenolic material other than catechol or no oxidized phenolic material other than that derived from oxidation of catechol. In general, all phenols and their quinone oxidation products are included in the calculated catechol content. Small amounts of polymer do not interfere. This test method is applicable over the range of TBC from 50 to 500 mg/kg.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Total Inhibitor Content (TBC) of Light Hydrocarbons

ASTM D1157-91(2009) 轻质烃总抑制剂含量(TBC)的标准试验方法

p-tertiary-butylcatechol is commonly added to commercial butadiene in amounts of 50 to 250 mg/kg as an oxidation inhibitor. This test method is suitable for use by both producers and users of butadiene within the limitations described in Section 1.1.1 This test method covers the determination of total p-tertiary-butylcatechol inhibitor added to polymerization and recycle grades of butadiene or to other C4 hydrocarbon mixtures containing no phenolic material other than catechol or no oxidized phenolic material other than that derived from oxidation of catechol. In general, all phenols and their quinone oxidation products are included in the calculated catechol content. Small amounts of polymer do not interfere. This test method is applicable over the range of TBC from 50 to 500 mg/kg. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Total Inhibitor Content (TBC) of Light Hydrocarbons

ASTM D1157-91(2000)e1 轻烃总抑制剂含量（TBC）的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of total p-tertiary-butylcatechol inhibitor added to polymerization and recycle grades of butadiene or to other C 4 hydrocarbon mixtures containing no phenolic material other than catechol or no oxidized phenolic material other than that derived from oxidation of catechol. In general, all phenols and their quinone oxidation products are included in the calculated catechol content. Small amounts of polymer do not interfere. This test method is applicable over the range of TBC from 50 to 500 mg/kg.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values stated in inch-pound units are for information only.1.3This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Total Inhibitor Content (TBC) of Light Hydrocarbons

ASTM E895-89(2001) 水溶液中有机化合物的水解率常数测定

Hydrolysis is one of several factors which may influence the degradation of organic chemicals in the environment. Hydrolysis may be the dominant pathway for the transformation of many chemicals. Hydrolysis kinetics are, therefore, a necessary component of any mathematical model to determine the fate of chemicals in the environment (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10).2 1.1 This practice describes specific procedures for obtaining solution hydrolysis rate constants and half-lives of organic chemicals that may enter the aquatic environment. 1.2 Solution hydrolysis data are obtained in sterile, buffered water using laboratory studies in which the concentration of a chemical as a function of time is measured. 1.3 A four-tiered approach is described. The testing procedures are designed to provide basic and easily obtainable information in the first tier. More detailed and costly experiments are proposed in subsequent tiers. This approach is more cost effective than one which provides for no sequential assessment. 1.4 Since all details are not covered in this practice, successful execution of the described tests will require some training or experience in the area of hydrolysis. Familiarity with the material in the references is essential. 1.5 This practice describes laboratory studies. It is not designed to provide data directly applicable to the environment. Extrapolations to specific environmental situations may require additional data or tests not included in this practice. 1.6 This practice does not consider the possible hydrolytic influences of dissolved organic matter or of adsorption/ catalysis by suspended material. 1.7 This practice is written to minimize competitive processes such as oxidation, reduction, substitution, and microbial reactions. 1.8 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operation, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Determination of Hydrolysis Rate Constants of Organic Chemicals in Aqueous Solutions

ASTM E1148-87(1993)e1 水溶解度测量用标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers procedures for measurement of the solubility of organic compounds in water. Three procedures are described which will work over a variety of solubility ranges. These procedures are not appropriate for compounds that react with water or air at ambient conditions.1.2 The procedure chosen will depend on the estimated solubility of the compound. This may be obtained from literature values (see Refs 1, 2, 3) by correlation with other parameters (4) or by analogy with the solubility of similar compounds.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measurements of Aqueous Solubility

ASTM E502-84(2000) 用于通过闭杯方法测定化学品闪点的ASTM标准的选择和使用的标准测试方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flash point of liquid and solid chemical compounds flashing from below 10 to 370oC (16 to 700oF). The procedures and apparatus in Test Methods D56, D93, D3278, D3828, and D3941 are to be used. Modification to these procedures are specified for tests on solids and viscous liquids. The significance of the results obtained is discussed along with possible sources of error and factors that might cause interference.1.2 Suggestions for adapting this procedure to mixtures of chemicals are included (see Appendix X2).1.3 This test method should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test method may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment that take into account all of the factors that are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See also Section Section 8.

Standard Test Method for Selection and Use of ASTM Standards for the Determination of Flash Point of Chemicals by Closed Cup Methods

ASTM E659-78(2005) 液体化学品自燃温度的试验方法

Autoignition, by its very nature, is dependent on the chemical and physical properties of the material and the method and apparatus employed for its determination. The autoignition temperature by a given method does not necessarily represent the minimum temperature at which a given material will self-ignite in air. The volume of the vessel used is particularly important since lower autoignition temperatures will be achieved in larger vessels. (See Appendix X2.) Vessel material can also be an important factor. The temperatures determined by this test method are those at which air oxidation leads to ignition. These temperatures can be expected to vary with the test pressure and oxygen concentration. This test method is not designed for evaluating materials which are capable of exothermic decomposition. For such materials, ignition is dependent upon the thermal and kinetic properties of the decomposition, the mass of the sample, and the heat transfer characteristics of the system. This test method can be employed for solid chemicals which melt and vaporize or which readily sublime at the test temperature. No condensed phase, liquid or solid, should be present when ignition occurs. This test method is not designed to measure the autoignition temperature of materials which are solids or liquids at the test temperature (for example, wood, paper, cotton, plastics, and high-boiling point chemicals). Such materials will thermally degrade in the flask and the accumulated degradation products may ignite. This test method was developed primarily for liquid chemicals but has been employed to test readily vaporized solids. Responsibility for extension of this method to solids of unknown thermal stability, boiling point, or degradation characteristics rests with the operator.1.1 This test method covers the determination of hot- and cool-flame autoignition temperatures of a liquid chemical in air at atmospheric pressure in a uniformly heated vessel. Note 18212;Within certain limitations, this test method can also be used to determine the autoignition temperature of solid chemicals which readily melt and vaporize at temperatures below the test temperature.1.2 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.

Standard Test Method for Autoignition Temperature of Liquid Chemicals