75.080 (Petroleum products in general) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D86-04 大气压下石油产品蒸馏的试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the atmospheric distillation of petroleum products using a laboratory batch distillation unit to determine quantitatively the boiling range characteristics of such products as natural gasolines, light and middle distillates, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels, aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, 1-D and 2-D regular and low sulfur diesel fuels, special petroleum spirits, naphthas, white spirits, kerosines, and Grades 1 and 2 burner fuels.1.2 The test method is designed for the analysis of distillate fuels; it is not applicable to products containing appreciable quantities of residual material.1.3 This test method covers both manual and automated instruments.Note 18212;Interlaboratory consensus test data have been obtained in the last few years under the CS92 program. The statistical equivalency between the manual and the automated procedure is currently under study, based on data from this program obtained between 1994 and 1998.1.4 Unless otherwise noted, the values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure

ASTM D86-04a 大气压下石油产品蒸馏的试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the atmospheric distillation of petroleum products using a laboratory batch distillation unit to determine quantitatively the boiling range characteristics of such products as natural gasolines, light and middle distillates, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels, aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, 1-D and 2-D regular and low sulfur diesel fuels, special petroleum spirits, naphthas, white spirits, kerosines, and Grades 1 and 2 burner fuels.1.2 The test method is designed for the analysis of distillate fuels; it is not applicable to products containing appreciable quantities of residual material.1.3 This test method covers both manual and automated instruments.Note 1Interlaboratory consensus test data have been obtained in the last few years under the CS92 program. The statistical equivalency between the manual and the automated procedure is currently under study, based on data from this program obtained between 1994 and 1998.1.4 Unless otherwise noted, the values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure

ASTM D2425-04 质谱法测定中间馏分中烃类的标准试验方法

A knowledge of the hydrocarbon composition of process streams and petroleum products boiling within the range of 400 to 650°F (204 to 343°C) is useful in following the effect of changes in process variables, diagnosing the source of plant upsets, and in evaluating the effect of changes in composition on product performance properties.1.1 This test method covers an analytical scheme using the mass spectrometer to determine the hydrocarbon types present in virgin middle distillates 204 to 343C (400 to 650F) boiling range, 5 to 95 volume % as determined by Test Method D 86. Samples with average carbon number value of paraffins between C12 and C16 and containing paraffins from C10 and C 18 can be analyzed. Eleven hydrocarbon types are determined. These include: paraffins, noncondensed cycloparaffins, condensed dicycloparaffins, condensed tricycloparaffins, alkylbenzenes, indans or tetralins, or both, CnH2n-10(indenes, etc.), naphthalenes, C nH2n-14(acenaphthenes, etc.), CnH2n-16(acenaphthylenes, etc.), and tricyclic aromatics. Note 1This test method was developed on consolidated Electro-dynamics Corp. Type 103 Mass Spectrometers.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see .

Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Middle Distillates by Mass Spectrometry

ASTM D5443-04(2009)e1 用多维气相色谱法在200℃内分析石油馏分中石蜡、环烃和芳烃类型的标准试验方法

A knowledge of the composition of hydrocarbon refinery streams is useful for process control and quality assurance. Aromatics in gasoline are soon to be limited by federal mandate. This test method can be used to provide such information.1.1 This test method covers the determination of paraffins, naphthenes, and aromatics by carbon number in low olefinic hydrocarbon streams having final boiling points of 200°C or less. Hydrocarbons with boiling points greater than 200°C and less than 270°C are reported as a single group. Olefins, if present, are hydrogenated and the resultant saturates are included in the paraffin and naphthene distribution. Aromatics boiling at C9 and above are reported as a single aromatic group. 1.2 This test method is not intended to determine individual components except for benzene and toluene that are the only C6 and C7 aromatics, respectively, and cyclopentane, that is the only C5 naphthene. The lower limit of detection for a single hydrocarbon component or group is 0.05 mass %. 1.3 This test method is applicable to hydrocarbon mixtures including virgin, catalytically converted, thermally converted, alkylated and blended naphthas. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Paraffin, Naphthene, and Aromatic Hydrocarbon Type Analysis in Petroleum Distillates Through 200176;C by Multi-Dimensional Gas Chromatography

ASTM D7094-04 用改良的连续闭杯试验仪测量闪点的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flash point of fuels, lube oils, solvents and other liquids by a continuously closed cup tester utilizing a specimen size of 2 mL, cup size of 7 mL, with a heating rate of 2.5176;C per minute.1.1.1 Apparatus requiring a specimen size of 1 mL, cup size of 4 mL, and a heating rate of 5.5176;C per minute must be run according to Test Method D 6450.1.2 This flash point test method is a dynamic method and depends on definite rates of temperature increase. It is one of the many flash point test methods available and every flash point test method, including this one, is an empirical method.Note 18212;Flash point values are not a constant physical chemical property of materials tested. They are a function of the apparatus design, the condition of the apparatus used, and the operational procedure carried out. Flash point can, therefore, only be defined in terms of a standard test method and no general valid correlation can be guaranteed between results obtained by different test methods or where different test apparatus is specified.1.3 This test method utilizes a closed but unsealed cup with air injected into the test chamber.1.4 This test method is suitable for testing samples with a flash point from 35 to 225176;C.Note 28212;Flash point determinations below 35176;C and above 225176;C may be performed; however, the precision has not been determined below and above these temperatures.1.5 If the users specification requires a defined flash point method other than this method, neither this method nor any other test method should be substituted for the prescribed test method without obtaining comparative data and an agreement from the specifier.1.6 The values stated in SI are to be regarded as standard. Temperatures are in degrees Celsius, pressure in kilo-Pascals.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.2, 8.5, and 10.1.2.

Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Modified Continuously Closed Cup (MCCCFP) Tester

ASTM D6045-04 自动三色法测定石油产品颜色的标准试验方法

Determination of the color of petroleum products is used mainly for manufacturing control purposes and is an important quality characteristic because color is readily observed by the user of the product. In some cases the color may serve as an indication of the degree of refinement of the material. When the color range of a particular product is known, a variation outside the established range may indicate possible contamination with another product. However, color is not always a reliable guide to product quality and should not be used indiscriminately in product specifications.1.1 This test method covers the automatic determination of color of a wide variety of petroleum products such as undyed motor and aviation gasoline, aviation turbine fuels, naphthas, kerosine, pharmaceutical white oils, diesel fuel oils, heating oils, and lubricating oils by the automatic tristimulus method. This test method correlates to Test Method D 156 and Test Method D 1500 as calculated by the instrumentation. Note 1 - With the appropriate sample handling, this test method would apply to petroleum waxes, but they were not used in the round robin, and the precision of this test method with regard to waxes is unknown.1.2 This test method reports results in terms of Test Method D 156 or Test Method D 1500.1.3 This test method has a one-to-one correlation for the entire range of Test Method D 1500 ASTM Color and for the range from 0 to +30 for Test Method D 156 Saybolt color.1.4 This test method does not apply to solid samples, petroleum products containing dye, and petroleum products having extreme fluorescence.1.5 This test method does not apply to cloudy samples. Such samples shall be filtered so they are clear before measuring. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Color of Petroleum Products by the Automatic Tristimulus Method

ASTM D483-04(2014) 石油制植物喷洒油不磺化残渣的标准试验方法

5.1 This test method is useful for distinguishing between oils that are adaptable to various types of spraying application, with a higher unsulfonated oil being required for leaf spraying as compared to dormant vegetation application. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of unsulfonated residue in plant spray oils of petroleum origin and applies only to the petroleum oil content. It provides a measure of the degree of refinement of plant spray oils by determining the extent to which the oil is attacked by 98.618201;% sulfuric acid under closely standardized conditions. Since the relationship between unsulfonated residue and the actual composition of the oil is not known, this test method should be applied only for measuring the degree of refinement and not for the determination of aromatics or olefins, or both. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Unsulfonated Residue of Petroleum Plant Spray Oils

ASTM D242-04 沥青铺路混合料用矿物填料的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers mineral filler added as a separate ingredient for use in bituminous paving mixtures.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Inch-pound units, shown in parentheses, are for information only.1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

Standard Specification for Mineral Filler For Bituminous Paving Mixtures

ASTM D7094-04(2009) 用改良的连续闭杯试验仪测量闪点的标准试验方法

The flash point temperature is one measure of the tendency of the test specimen to form a flammable mixture with air under controlled laboratory conditions. It is only one of a number of properties which must be considered in assessing the overall flammability hazard of a material. Flash point is used in shipping and safety regulations to define flammable and combustible materials and for classification purposes. This definition may vary from regulation to regulation. Consult the particular regulation involved for precise definitions of these classifications. This test method can be used to measure and describe the properties of materials in response to heat and an ignition source under controlled laboratory conditions and shall not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test method may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment, which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use. Flash point can also indicate the possible presence of highly volatile and flammable materials in a relatively nonvolatile or nonflammable material, such as the contamination of lubricating oils by small amounts of diesel fuel or gasoline. This test method was designed to be more sensitive to potential contamination than Test Method D6450.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flash point of fuels, lube oils, solvents and other liquids by a continuously closed cup tester utilizing a specimen size of 2 mL, cup size of 7 mL, with a heating rate of 2.5°C per minute. 1.1.1 Apparatus requiring a specimen size of 1 mL, cup size of 4 mL, and a heating rate of 5.5°C per minute must be run according to Test Method D6450. 1.2 This flash point test method is a dynamic method and depends on definite rates of temperature increase. It is one of the many flash point test methods available and every flash point test method, including this one, is an empirical method. Note 18212;Flash point values are not a constant physical chemical property of materials tested. They are a function of the apparatus design, the condition of the apparatus used, and the operational procedure carried out. Flash point can, therefore, only be defined in terms of a standard test method and no general valid correlation can be guaranteed between results obtained by different test methods or where different test apparatus is specified. 1.3 This test method utilizes a closed but unsealed cup with air injected into the test chamber. 1.4 This test method is suitable for testing samples with a flash point from 35 to 225°C. Note 28212;Flash point determinations below 35°C and above 225°C may be performed; however, the precision has not been determined below and above these temperatures. 1.5 If the user’s specification requires a defined flash point method other than this method, neither this method nor any other test method should be substituted for the prescribed test method without obtaining comparative data and an agreement from the specifier. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this stand......

Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Modified Continuously Closed Cup (MCCCFP) Tester

ASTM D2502-04 粘度测量法估算石油润滑油分子量(相对分子量)的标准试验方法

This test method provides a means of calculating the mean relative molecular mass of petroleum oils from another physical measurement. Mean relative molecular mass is a fundamental physical constant that can be used in conjunction with other physical properties to characterize hydrocarbon mixtures.1.1 This test method covers the estimation of the mean molecular weight (relative molecular mass) of petroleum oils from kinematic viscosity measurements at 100 and 210176;F (37.78 and 98.89176;C). It is applicable to samples with molecular weights in the range from 250 to 700 and is intended for use with average petroleum fractions. It should not be applied indiscriminately to oils that represent extremes of composition or possess an exceptionally narrow molecular weight (relative molecular mass) range.1.2 Values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Estimation of Molecular Weight (Relative Molecular Mass) of Petroleum Oils From Viscosity Measurements

ASTM D5772-04 石油产品始凝点的标准试验方法(线性冷却率法)

1.1 This test method describes the determination of the cloud point of petroleum products and biodiesel fuels that are transparent in layers 40 mm in thickness by an automatic instrument using a linear cooling rate.1.2 This test method covers the range of temperatures from 60 to 49oC with temperature resolution of 0.1oC, however, the range of temperatures included in the 1997 interlaboratory cooperative test program only covered the temperature range of -56 to +34oC.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Linear Cooling Rate Method)

ASTM D6367-04 AMS(α-甲基苯乙烯)的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers AMS (alpha-Methylstyrene).1.2 The following applies to all limits in this specification: for purposes of determining conformance with this specification, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off "to the nearest unit" in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E 29.1.3 Consult current OSHA regulations, suppliers' Material Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification.

Standard Specification for AMS (alpha-Methylstyrene)

ASTM D943-04a 防腐蚀矿物油氧化特性的标准试验方法

This test method is widely used for specification purposes and is considered of value in estimating the oxidation stability of lubricants, especially those that are prone to water contamination. It should be recognized, however, that correlation between results of this method and the oxidation stability of a lubricant in field service may vary markedly with field service conditions and with various lubricants. The precision statement for this method was determined on steam turbine oils. Note 18212;Furthermore, in the course of testing a lubricant by this method, other signs of deterioration, such as sludge formation or catalyst coil corrosion, may appear that are not reflected in the calculated oxidation lifetime. The subcommittee responsible for this method is investigating the application of alternative criteria for evaluation of lubricants using this test apparatus. Test Method D 4310 is now available for sludge measurement.1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of oxidation stability of inhibited steam-turbine oils in the presence of oxygen, water, and copper and iron metals at an elevated temperature. The test method is also used for testing other oils such as hydraulic oils and circulating oils having a specific gravity less than that of water and containing rust and oxidation inhibitors.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 6.

Standard Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oils

ASTM D943-04 防腐蚀矿物油氧化特性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of oxidation stability of inhibited steam-turbine oils in the presence of oxygen, water, and copper and iron metals at an elevated temperature. The test method is also used for testing other oils such as hydraulic oils and circulating oils having a specific gravity less than that of water and containing rust and oxidation inhibitors.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 6.

Standard Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oils

ASTM D6352-04(2009) 用气相色谱法测试174℃-700℃沸腾范围内石油馏出物沸腾范围分布的标准试验方法

The boiling range distribution of medium and heavy petroleum distillate fractions provides an insight into the composition of feed stocks and products related to petroleum refining processes (for example, hydrocracking, hydrotreating, visbreaking, or deasphalting). The gas chromatographic simulation of this determination can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for control of refining operations. This test method can be used for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties. This test method extends the scope of boiling range determination by gas chromatography to include medium and heavy petroleum distillate fractions beyond the scope of Test Method D 2887 (538°C). Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method have not been analyzed for correlation to those obtained by low efficiency distillation, such as with Test Method D 86 or D 1160.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum distillate fractions. The test method is applicable to petroleum distillate fractions having an initial boiling point greater than 174°C (345°F) and a final boiling point of less than 700°C (1292°F) (C10 to C90) at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. 1.2 The test method is not applicable for the analysis of petroleum or petroleum products containing low molecular weight components (for example naphthas, reformates, gasolines, crude oils). Materials containing heterogeneous components (for example alcohols, ethers, acids, or esters) or residue are not to be analyzed by this test method. See Test Methods D 3710, D 2887, or D 5307 for possible applicability to analysis of these types of materials. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values stated in inch-pound units are for information only and may be included as parenthetical values. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates in Boiling Range from 174 to 700176;C by Gas Chromatography

ASTM D6367-04(2008) AMS(α-甲基苯乙烯)的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers AMS (α-Methylstyrene). 1.2 The following applies to all limits in this specification: for purposes of determining conformance with this specification, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E 29. 1.3 Consult current OSHA regulations, suppliers' Material Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification.

Standard Specification for AMS (x03B1;-Methylstyrene)

ASTM D5191-04a 石油产品蒸气压力的标准试验方法(小型法)

1.1 This test method covers the use of automated vapor pressure instruments to determine the total vapor pressure exerted in vacuum by air-containing, volatile, liquid petroleum products. This test method is suitable for testing samples with boiling points above 0176;C (32176;F) that exert a vapor pressure between 7 and 130 kPa (1.0 and 18.6 psi) at 37.8176;C (100176;F) at a vapor-to-liquid ratio of 4:1. Measurements are made on liquid sample sizes in the range from 1 to 10 mL. No account is made for dissolved water in the sample.Note 18212;Samples can also be tested at other vapor-to-liquid ratios, temperatures, and pressures, but the precision and bias statements need not apply.1.1.1 Some gasoline-oxygenate blends may show a haze when cooled to 0 to 1176;C. If a haze is observed in 8.5, it shall be indicated in the reporting of results. The precision and bias statements for hazy samples have not been determined (see Note 10).1.2 This test method is suitable for calculation of the dry vapor pressure equivalent (DVPE) of gasoline and gasoline-oxygenate blends by means of a correlation equation (see 13.2). The calculated DVPE very closely approximates the dry vapor pressure that would be obtained on the same material when tested by Test Method D 4953.1.3 The values stated in SI units are regarded as standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are provided for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.2 through 7.7.

Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)

ASTM D2887-04a 用气相色谱法测定石油馏分沸腾范围分布的试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products. The test method is applicable to petroleum products and fractions having a final boiling point of 538176;C (1000176;F) or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. This test method is limited to samples having a boiling range greater than 55176;C (100176;F), and having a vapor pressure sufficiently low to permit sampling at ambient temperature.1.2 This test method is not to be used for the analysis of gasoline samples or gasoline components. These types of samples must be analyzed by Test Method D 3710.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography

ASTM D4045-04 利用加氢分解作用和速率测定比色法测试石油产品中的硫的标准试验方法

In many petroleum refining processes, low levels of sulfur in feed stocks may poison expensive catalysts. This test method can be used to monitor the amount of sulfur in such petroleum fractions. This test method may also be used as a quality-control tool for sulfur determination in finished products.1.1 This test method covers the determination of sulfur in petroleum products in the range from 0.02 to 10.00 mg/kg.1.2 This test method may be extended to higher concentration by dilution.1.3 This test method is applicable to liquids whose boiling points are between 30 and 371176;C (86 and 700176;F). Materials that can be analyzed include naphtha, kerosine, alcohol, steam condensate, various distillates, jet fuel, benzene, and toluene.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4.1 Certain specifications for the recorder (see 5.5) are excepted.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Hydrogenolysis and Rateometric Colorimetry

ASTM D1093-04(2007) 烃类液体及其蒸馏残余物酸度的标准试验方法

Some petroleum products are treated with mineral acid as part of the refining procedure. Obviously, any residual mineral acid in a petroleum product is undesirable. The absence of a positive indication in the test for acidity of the distillation residue or aqueous extract of a hydrocarbon liquid is an assurance of the care used in refining the fuel or solvent.1.1 This test method covers the qualitative determination of the acidity of hydrocarbon liquids and their distillation residues. (Warning-Many hydrocarbon liquids are extremely flammable. Harmful if inhaled. Hydrocarbon liquid vapors can cause a flash fire.)1.2 If desired to determine the basicity of a hydrocarbon liquid, proceed in accordance with 9.2 or 9.3, but substitute 3 drops of phenolphthalein indicator solution for the methyl orange indicator. A pink or red color in the aqueous solution when phenolphthalein is used indicates basicity.1.3 The results obtained by this method are qualitative expressions. However, for the preparation of reagents and in the procedure, acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Acidity of Hydrocarbon Liquids and Their Distillation Residues