77.060 (Corrosion of metals) 标准查询与下载

ASTM G40-10b 有关磨损和腐蚀的标准术语

1.1 The terms and their definitions given herein represent terminology relating to wear and erosion of solid bodies due to mechanical interactions such as occur with cavitation, impingement by liquid jets or drops or by solid particles, or relative motion against contacting solid surfaces or fluids. This scope interfaces with but generally excludes those processes where material loss is wholly or principally due to chemical action and other related technical fields as, for instance, lubrication. 1.2 This terminology is not exhaustive; the absence of any particular term from this collection does not necessarily imply that its use within this scope is discouraged. However, the terms given herein are the recommended terms for the concepts they represent unless otherwise noted. 1.3 Certain general terms and definitions may be restricted and interpreted, if necessary, to make them particularly applicable to the scope as defined herein. 1.4 The purpose of this terminology is to encourage uniformity and accuracy in the description of test methods and devices and in the reporting of test results in relation to wear and erosion. Note 18212;All terms are listed alphabetically. When a subsidiary term is defined in conjunction with the definition of a more generic term, an alphabetically-listed cross-reference is provided.

Standard Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion

ASTM G85-09 改进的盐喷雾(雾化)试验的标准规范

This practice is applicable to ferrous and nonferrous metals; also organic and inorganic coatings. The variations described herein are useful when a different or more corrosive environment than the salt fog described in Practice B 117 is desired.1.1 This practice covers and sets forth conditions for five modifications in salt spray (fog) testing for specification purposes. These are in chronological order of their development: 1.1.1 Annex A1, acetic acid-salt spray test, continuous. 1.1.2 Annex A2, cyclic acidified salt spray test. 1.1.3 Annex A3, seawater acidified test, cyclic (SWAAT). 1.1.4 Annex A4, SO2 salt spray test, cyclic. 1.1.5 Annex A5, dilute electrolyte cyclic fog dry test. 1.2 This practice does not prescribe the type of modification, test specimen or exposure periods to be used for a specific product, nor the interpretation to be given to the results. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Modified Salt Spray (Fog) Testing

ASTM B368-09(2014) 铜加速的醋酸腐蚀盐喷雾试验(CASS试验)的标准试验方法

3.1 The CASS test is widely employed and is useful for specification acceptance, simulated service evaluation, manufacturing control, and research and development. It was developed specifically for use with decorative, electrodeposited nickel/chromium and copper/nickel/chromium coatings. Use of the test has improved the quality of electroplated parts and led to the development of new and superior electroplating processes. 1.1 This test method prescribes the conditions required in copper-accelerated acetic acid-salt spray (CASS) testing for specification purposes. The standard does not specify the type of test specimen or exposure periods to be used for a specific product, nor the interpretation to be given to the results. 1.2 This test method is applicable to evaluating the corrosive performance of decorative copper/nickel/chromium or nickel/chromium coatings on steel, zinc alloys, aluminum alloys, and plastics designed for severe service. It is also applicable to the testing of anodized aluminum. The suitability of this test and correlation of results with service experience should be determined before it is specified for coating systems or materials other than those mentioned in this paragraph. Note 1—The following standards are not requirements. They are referenced for information only: Practices B537 and E50, Specifications B456 and B604, and Test Method B602. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For more specific safety precautionary information see 8.1.

Standard Test Method for Copper-Accelerated Acetic Acid-Salt Spray 40;Fog41; Testing 40;CASS Test41;

ASTM G199-09(2014) 电化学噪声测量的标准指南

5.1 Use of this guide is intended to provide information on electrochemical noise to monitor corrosion on a continuous basis. 5.2 This guide is intended for conducting electrochemical noise measurements, both in the laboratory and in-service environments (36). 5.3 This technique is useful in systems in which process upsets or other problems can create corrosive conditions. An early warning of corrosive attack can permit remedial action before significant damage occurs to process equipment (37). 5.4 This technique is also useful when inhibitor additions are used to control the corrosion of equipment. The indication of increasing corrosion activity can be used to signal the need for additional inhibitor (38). 5.5 Control of corrosion in process equipment requires knowledge of the rate or mechanism of attack on an ongoing basis. This technique can be used to provide such information in a digital format that is easily transferred to computers for analysis (39) . 1.1 This guide covers the procedure for conducting online corrosion monitoring of metals by the use of the electrochemical noise technique. Within the limitations described, this technique can be used to detect localized corrosion activity and to estimate corrosion rate on a continuous basis without removal of the monitoring probes from the plant or experimental cell. 1.2 This guide presents briefly some generally accepted methods of analyses that are useful in the interpretation of corrosion test results. 1.3 This guide does not cover detailed calculations and methods; rather it covers a range of approaches that have found application in corrosion testing. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Electrochemical Noise Measurement

ASTM C1617-09 金属水腐蚀热绝缘材料中浸出的含离子萃取溶液的定量加速实验室评定的标准实施规程

Corrosion associated with insulation is an important concern for insulation manufacturers, specification writers, designers, contractors, users and operators of the equipment. Some material specifications contain test methods (or reference test methods contained in other material specifications), for use in evaluating the insulation with regard to the corrosion of steel, copper, and aluminum. In some cases these tests are not applicable or effective and have not been evaluated for precision and bias. A properly selected, installed, and maintained insulation system will reduce the corrosion that often occurs on an un-insulated structure. However, when the protective weather-resistant covering of an insulation system fails, the conditions for the aqueous environment necessary for corrosion under insulation (CUI) often develop. It is possible the insulation contains, collects, or concentrates corrosive agents, or a combination thereof, often found in industrial and coastal environments. If water is not present, these electrolytes cannot migrate to the metal surface. The electrochemical reaction resulting in the aqueous corrosion of metal surfaces cannot take place in the absence of water and electrolytes. Additional environmental factors contributing to increased corrosion rates are oxygen, and elevated-temperature (near boiling point). Chlorides and other corrosive ions are common to many environments. The primary corrosion preventative is to protect insulation and metal from contamination and moisture. Insulation covers, jackets, and metal coating of various kinds are often used to prevent water infiltration and contact with the metal. This procedure can be used to evaluate all types of thermal insulation and fireproofing materials (industrial, commercial, residential, cryogenic, fire-resistive, insulating cement) manufactured using inorganic or organic materials. This procedure can be used with all metal types for which a coupon can be prepared such as mild steel, stainless steel, copper, or aluminum. This procedure can also be applicable to insulation accessories including jacketing, covers, adhesives, cements, and binders associated with insulation and insulation products. Heat treatment of the insulation (as recommended by the manufacturer up to the maximum potential exposure temperature) can be used to simulate possible conditions of use. Adhesives can be tested by first drying followed by water extraction or by applying a known quantity of the test adhesive to a test piece of insulation and then extracting. Insulating cements can be tested by casting a slab, drying, and extracting or by using the uncured insulating cement powder for extraction. Reference tests prepared with various concentrations of solutions that are conducive to the corrosion of the tested metal serve as comparative standards. Solutions containing chloride, sodium hydroxide, various acids (sulfuric, hydrochloric, nitric, and citric acid), as well as “blank” tests using only de-ionized water and tap water are used. Research can be done on insulation that has been specially formulated to inhibit corrosion in the presence of corrosive ions through modifications in basic composition or incorporation of certain chemical additives. Corrosive ions can also be added to the insulation extraction solutions to determine the effectiveness of any inhibitors present. Protective surface treatments and coatings of different types and thickness can be applied to the metal coupons and compared using various corrosive liquids. Several sets of tests are recommended because of the number of factors that affect corrosion. An average of the tests and the standard deviation between the test results are used on the data. Much of the corrosion literature recommends a minimum of three specimens for every........

Standard Practice for Quantitative Accelerated Laboratory Evaluation of Extraction Solutions Containing Ions Leached from Thermal Insulation on Aqueous Corrosion of Metals

ASTM G119-09 测定磨损与腐蚀之间最佳协和作用的标准指南

Wear and corrosion can involve a number of mechanical and chemical processes. The combined action of these processes can result in significant mutual interaction beyond the individual contributions of mechanical wear and corrosion (1-5). This interaction among abrasion, rubbing, impact and corrosion can significantly increase total material losses in aqueous environments, thus producing a synergistic effect. Reduction of either the corrosion or the wear component of material loss may significantly reduce the total material loss. A practical example may be a stainless steel that has excellent corrosion resistance in the absence of mechanical abrasion, but readily wears and corrodes when abrasive particles remove its corrosion-resistant passive film. Quantification of wear/corrosion synergism can help guide the user to the best means of lowering overall material loss. The procedures outlined in this guide cannot be used for systems in which any corrosion products such as oxides are left on the surface after a test, resulting in a possible weight gain.1.1 This guide covers and provides a means for computing the increased wear loss rate attributed to synergism or interaction that may occur in a system when both wear and corrosion processes coexist. The guide applies to systems in liquid solutions or slurries and does not include processes in a gas/solid system. 1.2 This guide applies to metallic materials and can be used in a generic sense with a number of wear/corrosion tests. It is not restricted to use with approved ASTM test methods. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Determining Synergism Between Wear and Corrosion

ASTM B826-09 用电阻试样监测大气腐蚀试验的试验方法

Corrosivity monitoring of test environments provides a means to monitor an integrated value of test corrosivity which cannot be evaluated from test parameters themselves, such as temperature, humidity, and gas concentration. As such the monitor value can be used for specification purposes such as test validation. Electrical resistance monitoring of conductors exposed to corrosive media is a well-established practice. , , , The resistance method assumes uniform corrosion over the entire surface of the exposed metal conductor segment. Local corrosion such as pitting, crevice, or grain boundary corrosion may provide invalid estimates of test corrosivity. Marked changes in slope of the curve of electrical resistance ratio versus time may indicate undesired processes which can be due to deficiencies in the test atmosphere or in the monitor itself. Because of limitations of the diffusion process within the corrosion product formed on the metal conductor segment of the RM probe when passivating corrosion films are formed, resistance monitoring may not be useful for test chamber monitoring purposes for very long test exposures. Chamber monitoring is dependent on detecting changes in the rate of corrosion of the RM as an indicator signal that specified gas concentrations must be reverified. However, low corrosion rates limit the absolute value of the rate of change of corrosion rate with change of test conditions; for parabolic film growth processes, the growth rate decreases with time limiting the sensitivity of the RM at extended test times. Since corrosion rate can be a complex function of test parameters in MFG tests with any given metal primarily responsive to a subset of the gases in the MFG environment, more than one type metal resistance probe is required in order to assist in maintenance of relative gas concentrations. For such test specifications, values of resistance ratios must be referred to ratios obtained under known test conditions as supplied by the test specifier. Information relating to the sensitivity of various metals to various corrodants has been published. , RM probes can be useful from 1 % of thickness consumed upward to 50 % of thickness consumed by the corrosion film growth. Conductor thicknesses between 25 nm and 0.2 mm have been reported and common sizes are available commercially.1.1 This test method provides a means for monitoring corrosivity of environmental tests that involve exposure to corrosive gases. 1.2 This test method uses a resistance monitor (RM) probe fabricated from a chosen metal conductor, with one conductor segment uncovered to permit exposure of the chosen metal conductor to the corrosive gas mixture and the second conductor segment covered to protect the metal conductor of this segment from direct attack by the corrosive gas mixture. The covered conductor segment provides a reference for evaluating changes in the uncovered segment. The ratio of the resistance of the exposed segment to that of the covered segment provides a measure of the amount of metal conductor that has reacted with the corrosive gas test environment to form poorly conducting corrosion product, thus providing a measure of test corrosivity. 1.3 Resistance monitoring is applicable to a broad range of test conditions by selection of the appropriate metal conductor and initial metal thickness. 1.4 This method is similar in intent to Test Methods B808. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its......

Standard Test Method for Monitoring Atmospheric Corrosion Tests by Electrical Resistance Probes

ASTM B117-09 盐雾喷射装置操作的标准实施规范

This practice provides a controlled corrosive environment which has been utilized to produce relative corrosion resistance information for specimens of metals and coated metals exposed in a given test chamber. Prediction of performance in natural environments has seldom been correlated with salt spray results when used as stand alone data. Correlation and extrapolation of corrosion performance based on exposure to the test environment provided by this practice are not always predictable. Correlation and extrapolation should be considered only in cases where appropriate corroborating long-term atmospheric exposures have been conducted. The reproducibility of results in the salt spray exposure is highly dependent on the type of specimens tested and the evaluation criteria selected, as well as the control of the operating variables. In any testing program, sufficient replicates should be included to establish the variability of the results. Variability has been observed when similar specimens are tested in different fog chambers even though the testing conditions are nominally similar and within the ranges specified in this practice.1.1 This practice covers the apparatus, procedure, and conditions required to create and maintain the salt spray (fog) test environment. Suitable apparatus which may be used is described in Appendix X1. 1.2 This practice does not prescribe the type of test specimen or exposure periods to be used for a specific product, nor the interpretation to be given to the results. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus

ASTM C692-08 评定奥氏体钢热绝缘材料对外部应力腐蚀开裂趋势的影响的标准试验方法

An inherent characteristic of some alloys of austenitic stainless steel is their tendency to crack at stress points when exposed to certain corrosive environments. The mechanisms of ESCC are complex and not completely understood but are apparently related to certain metallurgical properties. Chloride ions concentrated at a stress point will catalyze crack formation. It has been reported that other halide ions do not promote ESCC to the same degree as does chloride using the test technology of Test Method C 692 (drip test). Chlorides are common to many environments, so great care shall be taken to protect austenitic stainless steel from chloride contamination. Most thermal insulations will not, of themselves, cause stress corrosion cracking as shown by qualification tests. When exposed to elevated-temperature (boiling point range), environments containing chlorides, moisture, and oxygen, however, some insulation systems act as collecting media, transmigrating and concentrating chlorides on heated stainless steel surfaces. If moisture is not present, the chloride salts cannot migrate, and stress corrosion cracking because of chloride-contaminated insulation cannot take place. Insulation materials are available that are specially formulated to inhibit stress corrosion cracking in the presence of chlorides through modifications in basic composition or incorporation of certain chemical additives. The ability of the 28-day test to measure the corrosion potential of insulation materials is documented by Karnes, whose data appear to have been used for construction of the acceptability curve used in Specification C 795 and other specifications. The metal for all of the coupons used in this test method (C 692) shall be qualified (see Section 14) to ascertain that under conditions of the test, chloride ions will cause the metal to crack, and deionized water alone will not cause cracks.1.1 This test method covers two procedures for the laboratory evaluation of thermal insulation materials to determine whether they contribute to external stress corrosion cracking (ESCC) of austenitic stainless steel due to soluble chlorides within the insulation. This laboratory procedure is not intended to cover all of the possible field conditions that contribute to ESCC. 1.2 While the 1977 edition of this test method (Dana test) is applicable only to wicking-type insulations, the procedures in this edition are intended to be applicable to all insulating materials, including cements, some of which disintegrate when tested in accordance with the 1977 edition. Wicking insulations are materials that wet through and through when partially (50 to 75 %) immersed in water for a short period of time (10 min or less). 1.3 These procedures are intended primarily as a preproduction test for qualification of the basic chemical composition of a particular manufacturer''s product and are not intended to be routine tests for ongoing quality assurance or production lot compliance. Test Methods C 871, on the other hand, is used for confirmation of acceptable chemical properties of subsequent lots of insulation previously found acceptable by this test method. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Influence of Thermal Insulations on External Stress Corrosion Cracking Tendency of Austenitic Stainless Steel

ASTM G192-08 用动电位-恒电流-恒电位技术测定耐腐蚀合金潜在缝隙腐蚀的标准试验方法

The THE test method is designed to provide highly reproducible crevice repassivation potentials for corrosion–resistant alloys (for example, Alloy 22) in a wide range of environments from non-aggressive to highly aggressive. In conditions of low environmental aggressiveness (such as low temperature or low chloride concentration), corrosion–resistant alloys such as Alloy 22 will resist crevice corrosion initiation and the cyclic potentiodynamic polarization test (Test Method G 61) may fail to promote crevice corrosion mainly because it drives the alloy into transpassive dissolution instead of nucleating crevice corrosion. The THE test method provides a more controlled way of applying the electrical charge to the test electrode, which may induce crevice corrosion without moving it into transpassive potentials. The more noble this crevice corrosion repassivation potential (ER,CREV) value, the more resistant the alloy is to crevice corrosion in the tested electrolyte. This is similar to other test methods to measure localized corrosion resistance such as Test Method G 61 and Test Methods G 48. The results from this test method are not intended to correlate in a quantitative manner with the rate of propagation that one might observe in service when localized corrosion occurs. This test method may be used to rank several alloys by using the same testing electrolyte and temperature. It can also be used to determine the response of a given alloy when the environmental conditions (such as electrolyte composition and temperature) change.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for conducting anodic polarization studies to determine the crevice repassivation potential for corrosion–resistant alloys. The concept of the repassivation potential is similar to that of the protection potential given in Reference Test Method G 5. 1.2 The test method consists in applying successively potentiodynamic, galvanostatic, and potentiostatic treatments for the initial formation and afterward repassivation of crevice corrosion. 1.3 This test method is a complement to Test Method G 61. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining the Crevice Repassivation Potential of Corrosion-Resistant Alloys Using a Potentiodynamic-Galvanostatic-Potentiostatic Technique

ASTM G76-07 用气体喷雾器的固体微粒冲击法实施侵蚀试验的标准试验方法

The significance of this test method in any overall measurements program to assess the erosion behavior of materials will depend on many factors concerning the conditions of service applications. The users of this test method should determine the degree of correlation of the results obtained with those from field performance or results using other test systems and methods. This test method may be used to rank the erosion resistance of materials under the specified conditions of testing.1.1 This test method covers the determination of material loss by gas-entrained solid particle impingement erosion with jetnozzle type erosion equipment. This test method may be used in the laboratory to measure the solid particle erosion of different materials and has been used as a screening test for ranking solid particle erosion rates of materials in simulated service environments (1,2 ). Actual erosion service involves particle sizes, velocities, attack angles, environments, and so forth, that will vary over a wide range (3-5). Hence, any single laboratory test may not be sufficient to evaluate expected service performance. This test method describes one well characterized procedure for solid particle impingement erosion measurement for which interlaboratory test results are available.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Conducting Erosion Tests by Solid Particle Impingement Using Gas Jets

ASTM B117-07a 操作盐雾（雾）装置的标准实施规程

This practice provides a controlled corrosive environment which has been utilized to produce relative corrosion resistance information for specimens of metals and coated metals exposed in a given test chamber. Prediction of performance in natural environments has seldom been correlated with salt spray results when used as stand alone data. Correlation and extrapolation of corrosion performance based on exposure to the test environment provided by this practice are not always predictable. Correlation and extrapolation should be considered only in cases where appropriate corroborating long-term atmospheric exposures have been conducted. The reproducibility of results in the salt spray exposure is highly dependent on the type of specimens tested and the evaluation criteria selected, as well as the control of the operating variables. In any testing program, sufficient replicates should be included to establish the variability of the results. Variability has been observed when similar specimens are tested in different fog chambers even though the testing conditions are nominally similar and within the ranges specified in this practice.1.1 This practice covers the apparatus, procedure, and conditions required to create and maintain the salt spray (fog) test environment. Suitable apparatus which may be used is described in Appendix X1. 1.2 This practice does not prescribe the type of test specimen or exposure periods to be used for a specific product, nor the interpretation to be given to the results. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus

ASTM B117-07 盐雾设备运行的标准实施规程

This practice provides a controlled corrosive environment which has been utilized to produce relative corrosion resistance information for specimens of metals and coated metals exposed in a given test chamber. Prediction of performance in natural environments has seldom been correlated with salt spray results when used as stand alone data. 3.2.1 Correlation and extrapolation of corrosion performance based on exposure to the test environment provided by this practice are not always predictable. 3.2.2 Correlation and extrapolation should be considered only in cases where appropriate corroborating long-term atmospheric exposures have been conducted. The reproducibility of results in the salt spray exposure is highly dependent on the type of specimens tested and the evaluation criteria selected, as well as the control of the operating variables. In any testing program, sufficient replicates should be included to establish the variability of the results. Variability has been observed when similar specimens are tested in different fog chambers even though the testing conditions are nominally similar and within the ranges specified in this practice.1.1 This practice covers the apparatus, procedure, and conditions required to create and maintain the salt spray (fog) test environment. Suitable apparatus which may be used is described in Appendix X1.1.2 This practice does not prescribe the type of test specimen or exposure periods to be used for a specific product, nor the interpretation to be given to the results.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus

ASTM D7376-07 卷状涂层金属湿竖管存储条件户外评定的标准实施规程

This practice provides for periodic testing to compare the relative performance of specific coatings, substrates, and/or pretreatments used on coil-coated metal for resistance to wet conditions during storage. When performed in south Florida, this practice gives accelerated corrosion and blistering results relative to other locations within the continental United States. This practice allows comparison of different coatings, substrates, and pretreatments when they are tested at the same time. The results must be considered relative and do not indicate absolute performance. Because the outdoor environment shows year-to-year climatological, seasonal, and geographic variation, the absolute amount of degradation based on corrosion and blistering may vary (see Practice G 7). Temperature, rain, and humidity are important factors in wet stack corrosion. Corrosion and blistering will accelerate with increased temperature. The preferred test location is south of 27°N latitude in Florida. Other locations may be used, but differences in temperature and moisture must be considered, and the amount of corrosion and blistering are expected to vary considerably with climate. Test sites must have the instrumentation to measure and record ambient temperature and rainfall as in Practice G 7. This practice is not meant to support the field storage of coil-coated metal in any way other than what is recommended by the manufacturer.1.1 This procedure describes the practice for determining relative performance of coil-coated metal in an outdoor wet stack testing environment.1.2 The purpose of this test is to evaluate relative wet stack corrosion resistance and blistering. Substrates, pretreatments, primers, topcoats, and backers may be evaluated.1.3 This test simulates coil or stacked building panel bundle storage at a job site in wet outdoor conditions. The results from panels tested during the same time period may be used to compare products as an indicator of actual field performance. Environments with higher temperature and moisture levels accelerate degradation.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Outdoor Evaluation of Wet Stack Storage Conditions on Coil-Coated Metals

ASTM D1838-06 液化石油(LP)气对铜片腐蚀性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method detects the presence of components in liquefied petroleum gases which may be corrosive to copper.Note 18212;For an equivalent copper strip test applicable to less volatile petroleum products, see Test Method D 130.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 6.1, 8.3.1, and Annex A1.

Standard Test Method for Copper Strip Corrosion by Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases

ASTM G32-06 使用振动装置对气泡浸蚀的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method produces cavitation damage on the face of a specimen vibrated at high frequency while immersed in a liquid. The vibration induces the formation and collapse of cavities in the liquid, and the collapsing cavities produce the damage to and erosion (material loss) of the specimen.1.2 Although the mechanism for generating fluid cavitation in this method differs from that occurring in flowing systems and hydraulic machines (see ), the nature of the material damage mechanism is believed to be basically similar. The method therefore offers a small-scale, relatively simple and controllable test that can be used to compare the cavitation erosion resistance of different materials, to study in detail the nature and progress of damage in a given material, or-by varying some of the test conditions-to study the effect of test variables on the damage produced.1.3 This test method specifies standard test conditions covering the diameter, vibratory amplitude and frequency of the specimen, as well as the test liquid and its container. It permits deviations from some of these conditions if properly documented, that may be appropriate for some purposes. It gives guidance on setting up a suitable apparatus and covers test and reporting procedures and precautions to be taken. It also specifies standard reference materials that must be used to verify the operation of the facility and to define the normalized erosion resistance of other test materials.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety precautionary information, see 6.1, 10.3, and 10.6.1.

Standard Test Method for Cavitation Erosion Using Vibratory Apparatus

ASTM C692-06 评定奥氏体不锈钢热绝缘材料对外部应力腐蚀开裂趋势影响的标准试验方法

An inherent characteristic of some alloys of austenitic stainless steel is their tendency to crack at stress points when exposed to certain corrosive environments. The mechanisms of ESCC are complex and not completely understood but are apparently related to certain metallurgical properties. Chloride ions concentrated at a stress point will catalyze crack formation. It has been reported that other halide ions do not promote ESCC to the same degree as does chloride using the test technology of Test Method C 692 (drip test).3 Chlorides are common to many environments, so great care shall be taken to protect austenitic stainless steel from chloride contamination. Most thermal insulations will not, of themselves, cause stress corrosion cracking as shown by qualification tests. When exposed to elevated-temperature (boiling point range), environments containing chlorides, moisture, and oxygen, however, some insulation systems act as collecting media, transmigrating and concentrating chlorides on heated stainless steel surfaces. If moisture is not present, the chloride salts cannot migrate, and stress corrosion cracking because of chloride-contaminated insulation cannot take place. Insulation materials are available that are specially formulated to inhibit stress corrosion cracking in the presence of chlorides through modifications in basic composition or incorporation of certain chemical additives. The ability of the 28-day test to measure the corrosion potential of insulation materials is documented by Karnes,4 whose data appear to have been used for construction of the acceptability curve used in Specification C 795 and other specifications. The metal for all of the coupons used in this test method (C 692) shall be qualified (see Section 13) to ascertain that under conditions of the test, chloride ions will cause the metal to crack, and deionized water alone will not cause cracks.1.1 This test method covers two procedures for the laboratory evaluation of thermal insulation materials to determine whether they contribute to external stress corrosion cracking (ESCC) of austenitic stainless steel due to soluble chlorides within the insulation. This laboratory procedure is not intended to cover all of the possible field conditions that contribute to ESCC.1.2 While the 1977 edition of this test method (Dana test) is applicable only to wicking-type insulations, the procedures in this edition are intended to be applicable to all insulating materials, including cements, some of which disintegrate when tested in accordance with the 1977 edition. Wicking insulations are materials that wet through and through when partially (50 to 75 %) immersed in water for a short period of time (10 min or less).1.3 These procedures are intended primarily as a preproduction test for qualification of the basic chemical composition of a particular manufacturer''s product and are not intended to be routine tests for ongoing quality assurance or production lot compliance. Test Methods C 871, on the other hand, is used for confirmation of acceptable chemical properties of subsequent lots of insulation previously found acceptable by this test method.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Influence of Thermal Insulations on External Stress Corrosion Cracking Tendency of Austenitic Stainless Steel

ASTM D3316-06 全氯乙烯对铜的稳定性的标准试验方法

This test method is to be used as a guide in selecting or eliminating certain grades of perchloroethylene used for drycleaning fabrics or degreasing metal parts.1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the corrosiveness to copper metal by perchloroethylene.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Stability of Perchloroethylene with Copper

ASTM D3316-06(2011) 全氯乙烯与铜稳定性的标准试验方法

This test method is to be used as a guide in selecting or eliminating certain grades of perchloroethylene used for drycleaning fabrics or degreasing metal parts.1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the corrosiveness to copper metal by perchloroethylene. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Stability of Perchloroethylene with Copper

ASTM D7087-05a(2010) 用成像技术在腐蚀环境中测量涂覆试验板划痕处锈蚀蠕变的标准试验方法

This test method provides a means of evaluating and comparing development of corrosion at scribe on painted/coated flat test panels after exposure to corrosive environments.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of rust creepage area from a scribe line on painted/coated flat test panels after exposure to corrosive environments. This test method has the advantage of simplicity and ease of use. Expensive equipment is not required, and the results are more accurate than visual evaluation but not as precise as advanced digital imaging. 1.2 This test method uses visual imaging software to determine the area damaged by rust creepage from the scribe. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for An Imaging Technique to Measure Rust Creepage at Scribe on Coated Test Panels Subjected to Corrosive Environments