83.060 (Rubber) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D3187-06 橡胶的标准试验方法.NBR(丙烯腈丁二烯橡胶)的评定

These test methods are intended mainly for referee purposes but may be used for quality control of rubber production. They may also be used in research and development work and for comparison of different rubber samples in a standard formula. These test methods may be used to obtain values for customer control acceptance of rubber.1.1 These test methods cover the standard materials, test formulas, mixing procedures and test methods for the evaluation of various types of acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Rubber-Evaluation of NBR (Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber)

ASTM D816-06 橡胶胶水的试验方法

These tests are used as a means of classifying, evaluating, and controlling cement compositions. Adhesion strength in tension, shear, and in a peeling mode are necessary where rubber materials are used in various engineering applications where forces are encountered both normal to the adhesion plane and parallel to the plane of the adhesive interface. 1.1 These test methods cover tests to measure the properties of adhesives, commonly called rubber cements, that may be applied in plastic or fluid form and that are manufactured from natural rubber, reclaimed rubber, synthetic elastomers, or combinations of these materials. All tests are not to be considered as applicable to a particular type of adhesive nor is every test included that may be applicable to a particular type. The tests do provide standard procedures for evaluating the more important properties of the usual adhesives ordinarily classed as rubber cements.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 i>This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Rubber Cements

ASTM D5289-06 橡胶特性用标准试验方法.使用无旋转硫化测量仪测量橡胶硫化过程

1.1 This test method covers a method for the measurement of selected vulcanization characteristics of rubber compounds using rotorless linear shear, unsealed torsion shear, and sealed torsion shear cure meters. The three types of instruments may not give the same results. Note 1 - An alternative method for the measurement of vulcanization characteristics is given in Test Method D 2084.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Rubber Property-Vulcanization Using Rotorless Cure Meters

ASTM D945-06(2012) 在压缩应力和剪切应力下橡胶特性的标准试验方法(机械示波器)

5.1 The rubber properties that are measurable by these test methods are important for the isolation and absorption of shock and vibration. These properties may be used for quality control, development and research. 5.2 Measurements in compression are influenced by specimen shape. This shape factor may be described as the ratio of the loaded surface area to the unloaded surface area. In applying data from a compression specimen, shape factor must be incorporated into the mathematical transferal to the application. 1.1 These test methods cover the use of the Yerzley mechanical oscillograph for measuring mechanical properties of rubber vulcanizates in the generally small range of deformation that characterizes many technical applications. These properties include resilience, dynamic modulus, static modulus, kinetic energy, creep, and set under a given force. Measurements in compression and shear are described.2,3 1.2 The test is applicable primarily, but not exclusively, to materials having static moduli at the test temperature such that forces below 2 MPa (280 psi) in compression or 1 MPa (1408201;psi) in shear will produce 208201;% deformation, and having resilience such that at least three complete cycles are produced when obtaining the damped oscillatory curve. The range may be extended, however, by use of supplementary masses and refined methods of analysis. Materials may be compared either under comparable mean stress or mean strain conditions. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific warning see 12.14.

Standard Test Methods for Rubber Properties in Compression or Shear (Mechanical Oscillograph)

ASTM D3484-06 橡胶的标准试验方法.加油溶解聚丁二烯橡胶(BR)的评定

These tests are mainly intended for referee purposes but may also be used for quality control of rubber production. They may be used in research and development work for comparison of different rubber samples in a standard formula. These test methods may also be used to obtain values for customer acceptance of rubber.1.1 These test methods cover the standard materials, test formulas, mixing procedures, and test methods for the evaluation and production control of oil-extended polybutadiene rubber (OE-BR) polymerized in an appropriate solution.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Rubber8212;Evaluation of Oil-Extended Solution BR (Polybutadiene Rubber)

ASTM D3186-06 橡胶的标准试验方法.与炭黑或炭黑和油混合的SBR(丁苯橡胶)的评定

1.1 These test methods cover the standard materials, test formula, mixing procedures, and test methods for the evaluation and production control of pigmented types of styrene-butadiene rubbers (SBR). This includes the pigmented SBR oil masterbatches.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Rubber8212;Evaluation of SBR (Styrene-Butadiene Rubber) Mixed With Carbon Black or Carbon Black and Oil

ASTM D412-06ae2 硫化橡胶、热塑橡胶和热塑合成橡胶的拉伸试验方法

All materials and products covered by these test methods must withstand tensile forces for adequate performance in certain applications. These test methods allow for the measurement of such tensile properties. However, tensile properties alone may not directly relate to the total end use performance of the product because of the wide range of potential performance requirements in actual use. Tensile properties depend both on the material and the conditions of test (extension rate, temperature, humidity, specimen geometry, pretest conditioning, etc.); therefore materials should be compared only when tested under the same conditions. Temperature and rate of extension may have substantial effects on tensile properties and therefore should be controlled. These effects will vary depending on the type of material being tested. Tensile set represents residual deformation which is partly permanent and partly recoverable after stretching and retraction. For this reason, the periods of extension and recovery (and other conditions of test) must be controlled to obtain comparable results.1.1 These test methods cover procedures used to evaluate the tensile (tension) properties of vulcanized thermoset rubbers and thermoplastic elastomers. These methods are not applicable to ebonite and similar hard, low elongation materials. The methods appear as follows: Test Method A—Dumbbell and Straight Sectionnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Specimens Test Method B—Cut Ring Specimens Note 18212;These two different methods do not produce identical results. 1.2 The values stated in either SI or non-SI units shall be regarded separately as normative for this standard. The values in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore each system must be used independently, without combining values. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomersx2014;Tension

ASTM D4004-06 橡胶的标准试验方法.火焰原子吸收(AAS)分析法测定金属含量

These test methods are suitable for process control, for product acceptance, and for research and development.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of lead, zinc, copper, and manganese in raw rubber and rubber compounds, vulcanized or unvulcanized. The level at which the metals are present is taken into account by suitable adjustments of sample mass and dilution.1.2 Certain compounding ingredients, present in the rubber sample will dictate which of the methods should be used. Refer to Section 3. Five methods of determination are as follows:SectionsMethod A8Method B9Method C10Method D14-22Method E23-311.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Rubber8212;Determination of Metal Content by Flame Atomic Absorption (AAS) Analysis

ASTM D430-06(2012) 橡胶变质的动态疲劳标准试验方法

Tests for dynamic fatigue are designed to simulate the continually repeated distortions received in service by many rubber articles, such as tires, belts, footwear, and molded goods. These distortions may be produced by extension, compressive, and bending forces or combinations thereof. The effect of the distortions is to weaken the rubber until surface cracking or rupture occurs. Where rubber is combined with other flexible materials such as fabric, the effect may be evidenced by separation at the interface between the materials, caused either by breaking of the rubber or failure of the adhesion or both. These tests are, therefore, of the following two types: Type I8212;Tests designed to produce separation of rubber-fabric combinations by controlled bending of the specimens. Type II8212;Tests designed to produce cracking on the surface of rubber by either repeated bending or extension as may occur in service.1.1 These test methods cover testing procedures that estimate the ability of soft rubber materials to resist dynamic fatigue. No exact correlation between these test results and service is given or implied. This is due to the varied nature of service conditions. These test procedures do yield data that can be used for the comparative evaluation of rubber or composite rubber-fabric materials for their ability to resist dynamic fatigue. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Rubber Deteriorationmdash;Dynamic Fatigue

ASTM D1630-06(2012) 橡胶耐磨特性的标准试验方法(鞋类磨石)

It is recognized that when comparing different types of rubber materials, the service performance may not correlate to the results of this predictive test. This test method should not be used as a measure of abrasion resistance for compositions that differ markedly from the standard reference compound. Misleading results, for example, are obtained from polyurethane compositions when compared with the standard reference compound. Some specimens may bounce (chatter) against the abrasive paper, producing inaccurate results. These should be interpreted with care and the condition reported. If test results are inconsistent, the specimens should be cut, after the test is run, and inspected for voids. If any voids are present, the results should be disregarded and the test repeated using test specimens that are free from voids.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance to abrasion of vulcanized rubber, or other rubber materials that are similar to the standard reference compound, used for the soles and heels of footwear. It is not recommended for materials less than 2.5 mm (0.1 in.) in thickness. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Rubber Propertymdash;Abrasion Resistance (Footwear Abrader)

ASTM D1415-06(2012) 橡胶特性的标准试验方法.国际硬度

The International Hardness test is based on measurement of the penetration of a rigid ball into the rubber specimen under specified conditions. The measured penetration is converted into IRHD, the scale of degrees being so chosen that 0 represents a material having an elastic modulus of zero, and 100 represents a material of infinite elastic modulus. The scale also fulfills the following conditions over most of the normal range of hardness: one IRHD range represents approximately the same proportionate difference in Young's modulus, and for rubber vulcanizates in the usual range of resilience, readings in IRHD are comparable with those given by a Type A durometer (Test Method D2240) when testing standard specimens. The term “usual range of resilience” is used to exclude those compounds that have unusually high rates of stress relaxation or deformational hysteresis. For such compounds, differences in the dwell time in the two hardness tests (Test Methods D2240 and D1415) result in differences in hardness values. Readings may not be comparable when testing curved or irregularly shaped test specimens. For substantially elastic isotropic materials like well-vulcanized natural rubbers, the hardness in IRHD bears a known relation to Young's modulus, although for markedly plastic or anisotropic rubbers the relationship will be less precisely known. The relation between the difference of penetration and the hardness expressed in IRHD is based on the following: The relation between penetration and Young's modulus for a perfectly elastic isotropic material: where: D = known relationship for a perfectly elastic isotropic material, between indentation, R = radium of the ball, mm, F = total indenting force, E = Young's modulus expressed in megapascals, and f = contact force Use of a probit (integrated normal error) curve to relate log10 M and hardness in IRHD, as shown in Fig. 1. This curve is defined as follows: The value of log10 M corresponding to the midpoint of the curve is equal to 0.364, that is, M = 2.31 MPa or 335 psi. The maximum slope is equal to 57 IRHD per unit increase in log10 M. FIG. 1 Point Curve to Relate Log10 M and the Hardness in IRHD1.1 This test method covers a procedure for measuring the hardness of vulcanized or thermoplastic rubber. The hardness is obtained by the difference in penetration depth of a specified dimension ball under two conditions of contact with the rubber: (1) with a s......

Standard Test Method for Rubber Propertymdash;International Hardness

ASTM D1646-06 橡胶的标准试验方法.粘度、应力张弛、和预硫化特性(穆尼粘度计)

Viscosity8212;Viscosity values determined by this test method depend on molecular structure, molecular weight, and non-rubber constituents that may be present. Since rubber behaves as a non-Newtonian fluid, no simple relationship exists between the molecular weight and the viscosity. Therefore, caution must be exercised in interpreting viscosity values of rubber, particularly in cases where molecular weight is very high. For example, as the molecular weight increases, the viscosity values for IIR polymers (butyl rubbers) reach an upper limit of about 80, at 100°C (212°F) using a large rotor at a rotation speed of 2 r/min, and may then decrease to considerably lower values. For these higher molecular weight rubbers, better correlation between viscosity values and molecular weight is obtained if the test temperature is increased. Stress Relaxation8212;The stress relaxation behavior of rubber is a combination of both an elastic and a viscous response. Viscosity and stress relaxation behavior do not depend on such factors as molecular weight and non-rubber constituents in the same way. Thus both of these tests are important and complement each other. A slow rate of relaxation indicates a higher elastic component in the overall response, while a rapid rate of relaxation indicates a higher viscous component. The rate of stress relaxation has been found to correlate with rubber structure characteristics such as molecular weight distribution, chain branching, and gel content. Pre-Vulcanization Characteristics8212;The onset of vulcanization can be detected with the Mooney viscometer as evidenced by an increase in viscosity. Therefore, this test method can be used to measure incipient cure (scorch) time and the rate of cure during very early stages of vulcanization. This test method cannot be used to study complete vulcanization because the continuous rotation of the disk will result in slippage when the specimen reaches a stiff consistency.1.1 These test methods cover procedures for measuring a property called Mooney viscosity. Mooney viscosity is defined as the shearing torque resisting rotation of a cylindrical metal disk (or rotor) embedded in rubber within a cylindrical cavity. The dimensions of the shearing disk viscometer, test temperatures, and procedures for determining Mooney viscosity are defined in these test methods.1.2 When disk rotation is abruptly stopped, the torque or stress on the rotor decreases at some rate depending on the rubber being tested and the temperature of the test. This is called "stress relaxation" and these test methods describe a test method for measuring this relaxation. Viscosity as used in these test methods is not a true viscosity and should be interpreted to mean Mooney viscosity, a measure of shearing torque averaged over a range of shearing rates. Stress relaxation is also a function of the test configuration and for these test methods the results are unique to the Mooney viscometer.1.3 When compounded rubber is placed in the Mooney viscometer at a temperature at which vulcanization may occur, the vulcanization reaction produces an increase in torque. These test methods include procedures for measuring the initial rate of rubber vulcanization.1.4 ISO 289 Parts 1 and 2 also describes the determination of Mooney viscosity and pre-vulcanization characteristics. In addition to a few insignificant differences there are major technical differences between ISO 289 and this test method in that ISO 289 does not provide for sample preparation on a mill, while this test method allows milling sample preparation in some cases prior to running......

Standard Test Methods for Rubber-Viscosity, Stress Relaxation, and Pre-Vulcanization Characteristics (Mooney Viscometer)

ASTM D4482-06 橡胶特性的标准试验方法.伸展周期疲劳试验

1.1 This test method covers the determination of fatigue life of rubber compounds undergoing a tensile-strain cycle. During part of the cycle, the strain is relaxed to a zero value. The specimens are tested without intentionally initiated flaws, cuts, or cracks. Failure is indicated by a complete rupture of the test specimen.1.2 No exact correlation between these test results and service is given or implied. This is due to the varied nature of service conditions. These test procedures do yield data that can be used for the comparative evaluation of rubber compounds for their ability to resist (dynamic) extension cycling fatigue.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Rubber Property-Extension Cycling Fatigue

ASTM D1630-06 橡胶耐磨特性的标准试验方法

It is recognized that when comparing different types of rubber materials, the service performance may not correlate to the results of this predictive test. This test method should not be used as a measure of abrasion resistance for compositions that differ markedly from the standard reference compound. Misleading results, for example, are obtained from polyurethane compositions when compared with the standard reference compound. Some specimens may bounce (chatter) against the abrasive paper, producing inaccurate results. These should be interpreted with care and the condition reported. If test results are inconsistent, the specimens should be cut, after the test is run, and inspected for voids. If any voids are present, the results should be disregarded and the test repeated using test specimens that are free from voids.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance to abrasion of vulcanized rubber, or other rubber materials that are similar to the standard reference compound, used for the soles and heels of footwear. It is not recommended for materials less than 2.5 mm (0.1 in.) in thickness.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Rubber Property-Abrasion Resistance (Footwear Abrader)

ASTM D412-06ae1 用高温氧化法及库仑检测法对水中总碳量和有机碳含量的试验方法

All materials and products covered by these test methods must withstand tensile forces for adequate performance in certain applications. These test methods allow for the measurement of such tensile properties. However, tensile properties alone may not directly relate to the total end use performance of the product because of the wide range of potential performance requirements in actual use. Tensile properties depend both on the material and the conditions of test (extension rate, temperature, humidity, specimen geometry, pretest conditioning, etc.); therefore materials should be compared only when tested under the same conditions. Temperature and rate of extension may have substantial effects on tensile properties and therefore should be controlled. These effects will vary depending on the type of material being tested. Tensile set represents residual deformation which is partly permanent and partly recoverable after stretching and retraction. For this reason, the periods of extension and recovery (and other conditions of test) must be controlled to obtain comparable results.1.1 These test methods cover procedures used to evaluate the tensile (tension) properties of vulcanized thermoset rubbers and thermoplastic elastomers. These methods are not applicable to ebonite and similar hard, low elongation materials. The methods appear as follows: Test Method A—Dumbbell and Straight Sectionnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Specimens Test Method B—Cut Ring Specimens Note 18212;These two different methods do not produce identical results. 1.2 The values stated in either SI or non-SI units shall be regarded separately as normative for this standard. The values in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore each system must be used independently, without combining values. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomersx2014;Tension

ASTM D471-06e1 液体对橡胶性能影响的标准试验方法

Certain rubber articles, for example, seals, gaskets, hoses, diaphragms, and sleeves, may be exposed to oils, greases, fuels, and other fluids during service. The exposure may be continuous or intermittent and may occur over wide temperature ranges. Properties of rubber articles deteriorate during exposure to these liquids, affecting the performance of the rubber part, which can result in partial failure. This test method attempts to simulate service conditions through controlled accelerated testing, but may not give any direct correlation with actual part performance, since service conditions vary too widely. It yields comparative data on which to base judgment as to expected service quality. This test method is suitable for specification compliance testing, quality control, referee purposes, and research and development work.1.1 This test method covers the required procedures to evaluate the comparative ability of rubber and rubber-like compositions to withstand the effect of liquids. It is designed for testing: (1) specimens of vulcanized rubber cut from standard sheets (see Practice D 3182), (2) specimens cut from fabric coated with vulcanized rubber (see Test Methods D 751), or (3) finished articles of commerce (see Practice D 3183). This test method is not applicable to the testing of cellular rubbers, porous compositions, and compressed sheet packing, except as described in 11.2.2. 1.2 ASTM Oils No. 2 and No. 3, formerly used in this test method as standard test liquids, are no longer commercially available and in 1993 were replaced with IRM 902 and IRM 903, respectively (see Appendix X1 for details). 1.3 ASTM No. 1 Oil, previously used in this test method as a standard test liquid, is no longer commercially available and in 2005 was replaced with IRM 901; refer to Table 1, Footnote A, and Appendix X3 for details. 1.4 This test method includes the following: Change in Mass (after immersion)Section 10 Change in Volume (after immersion)Section 11 Dimensional-Change Method for Water-Insoluble Liq- uids and Mixed Liquids Section 12 Change in Mass with Liquid on One Surface OnlySection 13 Determining Mass of Soluble Matter Extracted by the Liquid Section 14 Change in Tensile Strength, Elongation and Hardness (after immersion) Section 15 Change in Breaking Resistance, Burst Strength, Tear Strength and Adhesion for Coated Fabrics Section 16 Calculation (of test results)Section 18 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. TABLE 1 Specifications......

Standard Test Method for Rubber Propertyx2014;Effect of Liquids

ASTM D5044-06(2012) 橡胶配料的标准试验方法.二硫化苯并噻唑(MBTS)中的游离2-巯基苯并噻唑(MBT)

2-Mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) is usually the major impurity in MBTS. Free MBT may be determined by this test method. MBT and MBTS are used for rubber and latex vulcanization acceleration. The amount of MBT in MBTS may be of importance in predicting performance in rubber compounds and for raw material purchase and control. This test method may be used as a quality control tool and for research and development work.1.1 This test method covers the procedure for estimation of the acidic impurities in benzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS). 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Rubber Compounding Materialsmdash;Free 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) in Benzothiazyl Disulfide (MBTS)

ASTM D3185-06 包括混合物和油的SBR（苯乙烯合金橡胶）的橡胶评估的标准试验方法

These test methods are mainly intended for referee purposes but may be used for quality control of synthetic rubber production. They may also be used in research and development work and for comparison of different rubber samples in a standard formula. These test methods may also be used to obtain values for customer acceptance of rubber.1.1 These test methods cover the standard materials, test formulas, mixing procedures, and test methods for the evaluation of emulsion polybutadiene (EBR) and styrene-butadiene rubbers (SBR) including the emulsion polybutadiene oil masterbatch rubbers, SBR oil masterbatches, and partially crosslinked and high Mooney rubbers.1.2 These test methods are also applicable to certain types of solution SBR and solution SBR oil masterbatches that are used in applications requiring vulcanization.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Rubber-Evaluation of SBR (Styrene-Butadiene Rubber) Including Mixtures With Oil

ASTM D471-06 液体对橡胶性能影响的标准试验方法

Certain rubber articles, for example, seals, gaskets, hoses, diaphragms, and sleeves, may be exposed to oils, greases, fuels, and other fluids during service. The exposure may be continuous or intermittent and may occur over wide temperature ranges. Properties of rubber articles deteriorate during exposure to these liquids, affecting the performance of the rubber part, which can result in partial failure. This test method attempts to simulate service conditions through controlled accelerated testing, but may not give any direct correlation with actual part performance, since service conditions vary too widely. It yields comparative data on which to base judgment as to expected service quality. This test method is suitable for specification compliance testing, quality control, referee purposes, and research and development work.1.1 This test method covers the required procedures to evaluate the comparative ability of rubber and rubber-like compositions to withstand the effect of liquids. It is designed for testing: ( 1) specimens of vulcanized rubber cut from standard sheets (see Practice D 3182), (2) specimens cut from fabric coated with vulcanized rubber (see Test Methods D 751), or (3) finished articles of commerce (see Practice D 3183). This test method is not applicable to the testing of cellular rubbers, porous compositions, and compressed sheet packing, except as described in 11.2.2.1.2 ASTM Oils No. 2 and No. 3, formerly used in this test method as standard test liquids, are no longer commercially available and in 1993 were replaced with IRM 902 and IRM 903, respectively (see Appendix X1 for details).1.3 ASTM No. 1 Oil, previously used in this test method as a standard test liquid, is no longer commercially available and in 2005 was replaced with IRM 901; refer to , Footnote A, and Appendix X3 for details. 1.4 This test method includes the following:1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Rubber Property-Effect of Liquids

ASTM D925-06e1 橡胶特性.表面着色(接触、色移和扩散)的标准试验方法

Rubber in contact with light colored organic finishes may stain the surfaces in contact with the rubber (contact staining) and surfaces adjacent to or beyond the rubber (migration staining), especially under conditions of heat, pressure, or sunlight. When a light colored rubber veneer or organic coating covers a staining rubber compound, the staining ingredients can diffuse through the veneer or coating and stain the surface (diffusion staining). This staining of light colored surfaces is objectionable to the consumer. These test methods provide a means of evaluating staining characteristics of rubber compounds but may not necessarily duplicate the effects of natural exposure conditions. Results obtained should not be treated as being equivalent to any natural exposure, unless the degree of quantitative correlation has been empirically established for the material in question. These test methods may be used for producer-consumer acceptance, referee purposes, and research and development work. The two types of exposures (Fluorescent UV and Xenon Arc) are not equivalent and may produce different test results.1.1 These test methods cover techniques to evaluate three types of staining that rubber may cause when in contact with, or in proximity to, another surface that may be light colored. 1.2 The test methods also describe how to qualitatively evaluate the degree of staining produced under the conditions of exposure to heat alone or heat and light. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Rubber Property-Staining of Surfaces (Contact, migration, and Diffusion)