83.080.01 (Plastics in general) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D648-00a 在挠曲负荷下塑料横向位置挠曲温度的标准测试方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the temperature at which an arbitrary deformation occurs when specimens are subjected to an arbitrary set of testing conditions. 1.2 This test method applies to molded and sheet materials available in thicknesses of 3 mm ( 1/8 in.) or greater and which are rigid at normal temperature. Note 18212;Sheet stock less than 3 mm (0.125 in.) but more than 1 mm (0.040 in.) in thickness may be tested by use of a composite sample having a minimum thickness of 3 mm. The laminae must be of uniform stress distribution. One type of composite specimen has been prepared by cementing the ends of the laminae together and then smoothing the edges with sandpaper. The direction of loading shall be perpendicular to the edges of the individual laminae. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 28212;The test method described as a Method B of this test method, and test methods Ae and Be of ISO 75-1 and ISO 75-2, 1993 are technically equivalent.

Standard Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics Under Flexural Load in the Edgewise Position

ASTM D542-00 透明有机塑料的折射指数的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers a procedure for measuring the index of refraction of transparent organic plastic materials. 1.2 A refractometer method is presented. This procedure will satisfactorily cover the range of refractive indices found for such materials. Refractive index measurements require optically homogeneous specimens of uniform refractive index.Note 1--This test method and ISO 489 are technically equivalent. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Index of Refraction of Transparent Organic Plastics

ASTM D4459-99 室内用塑料曝露于氙弧光的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers the procedure applicable when Practice G26, Method C, is employed for exposing plastics to a Xenon lamp, in attempting to predict long-term color-fastness of plastics for use in indoor areas. Such exposure may involve illumination from fluorescent, incandescent, or window-filtered sunlight sources, and thermal radiation. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1-There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.

Standard Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics Intended for Indoor Applications

ASTM D3418-99 通过热分析测定聚合物热变温度的试验方法

1.1 This test method covers determination of transition temperatures of polymers (Note 1) by differential thermal analysis or differential scanning calorimetry. Note 1-First-order transition temperatures or melting points of semicrystalline polymers may also be determined or approximated by the procedures found in Test Method D 2117 and Test Methods D 789. 1.2 This test method is applicable to polymers in granular form (below 60 mesh preferred, avoiding grinding if possible) or to any fabricated shape from which appropriate samples can be cut. 1.3 The normal operating temperature range is from the cryogenic region to 600176C. With special equipment, the temperature range can be extended. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.5 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 2- To date, there is no similar or equivalent approved ISO standard.

Standard Test Method for Transition Temperatures of Polymers By Differential Scanning Calorimetry

ASTM D3814-99 聚合材料的定位燃烧试验方法的标准指南

1.1 This guide provides assistance in locating test methods for determining the combustion properties of plastics used for various applications. 1.2 This guide includes standardized North American and global test methods promulgated by ASTM, CSA, NFPA, SAE, Underwriters Laboratories, North American Government Agencies, IEC, and ISO. It does not include industrial tests, user specification tests, nor nonstandard test methods. This list of tests is not exhaustive and the user must assume other tests may exist for specific materials or applications. 1.3 This guide is arranged according to products and systems. 1.4 The test methods described in this guide should be used solely to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or systems in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be considered or used for the description, appraisal, or regulation of the fire hazard of materials, products, or systems under actual fire conditions. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Note 3. Note 1-There is no ISO standard similar or equivalent to this guide. Note 2-Related IEC and ISO standards are referenced in the appropriate places throughout this guide.

Standard Guide for Locating Combustion Test Methods for Polymeric Materials

ASTM D5675-99a 含氟聚合物微粉的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers fluoropolymer micro powders that are used as additives to other materials in order to improve lubricity or to control other characteristics of the base material. Recycled fluoropolymer materials meeting the detailed requirements of this specification are included (see Guide D5033). These powders are sometimes known as lubricant powders. The powders usually have a much smaller particle size than those used for molding or extrusion, and they generally are not processed alone. The test methods and properties included are those required to identify and specify the various types of fluoropolymer micro powders. 1.2 These powders are designated as filler powders (F) in ISO 12086-1 and ISO 12086-2. 1.3 The values stated in SI units as detailed in Practice E380 are to be regarded as the standard, and the practices of Practice E380 incorporated herein. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Note 1.

Standard Specification for Fluoropolymer Micropowders

ASTM D1044-99 透明塑料表面耐磨蚀性的试验方法

1.1 This test method describes a procedure for estimating the resistance of transparent plastics to one kind of surface abrasion by measurement of its optical effects. 1.2 Abrasive damage is judged by that percentage of transmitted light which, in passing through the abraded track, deviates from the incident beam by forward scattering. For the purpose of this test method, only light flux deviating more than 0.044 rad (2.5176) on the average is considered in this assessment of abrasive damage. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. Note 1-Recent attempts to employ the Taber Abraser for volume loss determinations of various plastics, like earlier ones, have been unsuccessful because of excessively large coefficients of variation attributed to the data. Insufficient agreement among the participating laboratories has rendered the use of volume loss procedure inadvisable as an ASTM test method. Note 2-For determining resistance to abrasion of plastics by measurement of volume loss, reference should be made to Test Methods D1242. Note 3-For determining the resistance to abrasion of organic coatings by weight loss, reference is made to Test Method D4060. This test uses more aggressive CS-10 or CS-17 abrasive wheels. It suffers from poor reproducibility between laboratories when numerical abrasion resistance values are used. Interlaboratory agreement improves significantly when ranking a series of coatings for their abrasion resistance. Note 4-This test method is similar to ISO 3444, and ISO 4586/2. Their technical content is somewhat different. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific precautionary statement, see 7.1.2.

Standard Test Method for Resistance of Transparent Plastics to Surface Abrasion

ASTM D1043-99 用扭转试验法测定温度对塑料强度变化的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the stiffness characteristics of plastics over a wide temperature range by direct measurement of the apparent modulus of rigidity.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 18212;This test method is not equivalent to ISO 458/1:1985 or ISO 458/2:1985 and results cannot be directly compared between the two methods.

Standard Test Method for Stiffness Properties of Plastics as a Function of Temperature by Means of a Torsion Test

ASTM D6395-99 测试钢性塑料耐平面柔性冲击性能的标准试验方法

1.1 The resistance of plastics to breakage by flexural shock may be determined by test methods such as those contained in Test Method D 256. Specimens used in those test methods feature a milled notch to promote brittle fracture. The test specimens are struck by a pendulum with the depth dimension parallel to the direction of pendulum swing. This test method is differentiated from the others by its application to the assessment of the affect on impact resistance of changes in the surface of specimens resulting from weathering or other exposure. In this test method, specimens are struck by a pendulum with the depth dimensions perpendicular to the direction of pendulum swing. Test Method D 5420 may also be used to conduct testing of weathered or exposed specimens. This test method is differentiated from Gardner Impact by the smaller size of the specimens, which may result in substantially higher productivity of accelerated weathering instruments. Additionally, this test method provides multiple data from a single specimen for characterization of within specimen variability. 1.2 This test method describes the determination of the resistance of rigid plastic strip specimens to breakage or permanent deformation when one end of the specimen is subjected to an impact upon its wide face while the other end of the specimen is firmly clamped. 1.3 This test method is applicable to specimens of 1.60 mm (0.0625 in.) thickness. However, the limits of applicability of the test are not sharply defined, and specimens having other dimensions may frequently be used. For specimens of thicknesses other than 1.60 mm (0.0625 in.) the ratio of the distance between the top of the clamp and the centerline of the rounded striking edge to the specimen thickness must be 2.5 + or - 0.1. 1.4 This test method measures the relative impact resistance of samples having approximately the same thickness. Normalization of the impact resistance to unit cross-sectional area only partly compensates for the effects of specimen thickness variation because, at the fixed cantilever length, the ratio of shear stress to tensile stress in bending increases with thickness, and the importance of these effects in contributing to the energy absorbed is greater for ductile than for brittle failure. 1.5 This test method is used primarily as a means of assessing, for a series of samples, changes relative to a control due to some treatment such as weathering or exposure to active environments. It has been particularly useful as a sensitive indicator fo the development of surface cracks or a brittle surface. The existence or formation of cracks in an inherently brittle surface produces marked lowering of impact strength when the surface is the one subjected to tension in the test. 1.6 This test method is not generally applicable to materials such as elastomers or nonrigid plastics in which there is no fracture, permanent deforamation, or other change due to yielding in flexure. However, it may be disirable to test such materials as file samples to establish reference points when the test is applied as described in 1.5. 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1-There is no equivalent or similar ISO standard.

Standard Test Method for Flatwise Flexural Impact Resistance of Rigid Plastics

ASTM D1499-99 塑料用滤光明火碳弧型曝光装置的标准实施规范

1.1 This practice covers specific variations in test conditions which shall be applicable when Practice G23 is employed for the exposure of plastics. Also covered are the preparation of test specimens, the test conditions best suited for plastics, and the evaluation of test results. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.> Note 1-This practice and ISO/DIS4892 are related in title and in technical content. However, the user should note that there may be significant technical differences. ISO/DIS4892 permits the use of different instruments and different procedures among users.

Standard Practice Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Type Exposures of Plastics

ASTM D732-99 用穿孔工具测量塑料剪切强度的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the punch-type of shear test and is intended for use in determining the shear strength of test specimens of organic plastics in the form of sheets and molded disks in thicknesses from 0.127 to 12.7 mm (0.050 to 0.500 in.).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 18212;There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

Standard Test Method for Shear Strength of Plastics by Punch Tool

ASTM D2843-99 塑料燃烧或分解所产生的烟雾密度的标准试验方法

1.1 This fire-test-response test method covers a laboratory procedure for measuring and observing the relative amounts of smoke obscuration produced by the burning or decomposition of plastics. It is intended to be used for measuring the smoke-producing characteristics of plastics under controlled conditions of combustion or decomposition. Correlation with other fire conditions is not implied. The measurements are made in terms of the loss of light transmission through a collected volume of smoke produced under controlled, standardized conditions. The apparatus is constructed so that the flame and smoke can be observed during the test. 1.2 Caution-During the course of combustion, gases or vapors, or both, are evolved that may be hazardous to personnel. Adequate precautions should be taken to protect the operator. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information purposes only. 1.4 This standard should be used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire-hazard or fire-risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire-hazard assessment or a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard or fire-risk of a particular end use. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 1.2 and Note 7. Note 1-There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.

Standard Test Method for Density of Smoke from the Burning or Decomposition of Plastics

ASTM D4329-99 塑料暴露用曝光和曝水装置(荧光紫外线型和冷凝型)的操作

1.1 This practice covers the procedures applicable when Practice G53 is employed for exposure testing of plastics. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1-This standard and ISO/DIS 4892 are related in title and in technical content. However, the user should note that there may be significant technical differences. ISO/DIS 4892 permits the use of different instruments and different procedures among users.

Standard Practice for Fluorescent UV Exposure of Plastics

ASTM D5045-99(2007)e1 塑料材料平面应变断裂韧性和应变能量释放率的标准试验方法

p>1.1 These test methods are designed to characterize the toughness of plastics in terms of the critical-stress-intensity factor, KIc, and the energy per unit area of crack surface or critical strain energy release rate, GIc, at fracture initiation.1.2 Two testing geometries are covered by these test methods, single-edge-notch bending (SENB) and compact tension (CT).1.3 The scheme used assumes linear elastic behavior of the cracked specimen, so certain restrictions on linearity of the load-displacement diagram are imposed.1.4 A state-of-plane strain at the crack tip is required. Specimen thickness must be sufficient to ensure this stress state.1.5 The crack must be sufficiently sharp to ensure that a minimum value of toughness is obtained.1.6 The significance of these test methods and many conditions of testing are identical to those of Test Method E 399, and, therefore, in most cases, appear here with many similarities to the metals standard. However, certain conditions and specifications not covered in Test Method E 399, but important for plastics, are included.1.7 This protocol covers the determination of GIc as well, which is of particular importance for plastics.1.8 These test methods give general information concerning the requirements for KIc and GIc testing. As with Test Method E 399, two annexes are provided which give the specific requirements for testing of the SENB and CT geometries.1.9 Test data obtained by these test methods are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.There is currently no ISO standard that duplicates these test methods. Pending ISO/CD 13586 covers similar testing and references this test method for testing conditions.

Standard Test Methods for Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness and Strain Energy Release Rate of Plastic Materials

ASTM E1428-99(2009) 用轮枝链霉菌属网(粉红染色生物体)在防腐蚀聚合物中或聚合物上进行抗微生物性能评价的标准试验方法

This test method provides a technique for evaluating antimicrobials in or on polymeric solids against staining by Streptoverticillium reticulum, and should assist in the prediction of performance of treated articles under actual field conditions. Conditioning of the specimens, such as exposure to leaching, weathering, and heat treatment, may have significant effects on performance of antimicrobials against staining. Determination of these effects is not included in this test method.1.1 This test method is used for determining the performance of antimicrobial agents used in or on synthetic polymeric solids against staining by the actinomycete Streptoverticillium reticulum. This organism has been chosen as an indicator organism, although other organisms have been known to cause undesirable staining in polymeric solids. 1.2 This test method is not suitable for evaluating dark-pigmented test samples. 1.3 A knowledge of microbiological techniques is recommended for these procedures. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Performance of Antimicrobials in or on Polymeric Solids Against Staining by Streptoverticillium reticulum (A Pink Stain Organism)

ASTM E2050-99 用燃烧红外线吸收法测定压型粉中碳总含量的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of total carbon in mold powders in the concentration range from 1 to 25 %.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Carbon in Mold Powders by Combustion-Infrared Absorption Method

ASTM D5279-99 塑料扭力的动力机械性能测量的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the use of dynamic mechanical instrumentation for gathering and reporting the viscoelastic properties of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins and composite systems in the form of rectangular specimens molded directly or cut from sheets, plates, or molded shapes. The torsional data generated may be used to identify the thermomechanical properties of a plastics material or composition.1.2 This test method is intended to provide means for determining the modulus as a function of temperature of plastics using nonresonant forced-vibration techniques, as outlined in Practice D 4065. Plots of the elastic (storage), loss (viscous), and complex moduli and tan delta, as a function of frequency, time, or temperature are indicative of significant transitions in the thermomechanical performance of the polymeric material system.1.3 This test method is valid for a wide range of frequencies, typically from 0.01 to 100 Hz.1.4 Apparent discrepancies may arise in results obtained under differing experimental conditions. These apparent differences from results observed in another study can usually be reconciled without changing the observed data by reporting in full (as described in this test method) the conditions under which the data were obtained.1.5 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 18212;There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.

Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Torsion

ASTM D747-99 用悬臂梁法对塑料表观弯曲系数的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the apparent bending modulus of plastics by means of a cantilever beam. It is well suited for determining relative flexibility of materials over a wide range. It is particularly useful for materials too flexible to be tested by Test Methods D 790.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 18212;There is no known ISO equivalent for this standard.

Standard Test Method for Apparent Bending Modulus of Plastics by Means of a Cantilever Beam

ASTM D5045-99 塑料材料平面应变断裂韧性和应变能量释放率的标准试验方法

1.1 These test methods are designed to characterize the toughness of plastics in terms of the critical-stress-intensity factor, KIc, and the energy per unit area of crack surface or critical strain energy release rate, GIc, at fracture initiation. 1.2 Two testing geometries are covered by these test methods, single-edge-notch bending (SENB) and compact tension (CT). 1.3 The scheme used assumes linear elastic behavior of the cracked specimen, so certain restrictions on linearity of the load-displacement diagram are imposed. 1.4 A state-of-plane strain at the crack tip is required. Specimen thickness must be sufficient to ensure this stress state. 1.5 The crack must be sufficiently sharp to ensure that a minimum value of toughness is obtained. 1.6 The significance of these test methods and many conditions of testing are identical to those of Test Method E 399, and, therefore, in most cases, appear here with many similarities to the metals standard. However, certain conditions and specifications not covered in Test Method E 399, but important for plastics, are included. 1.7 This protocol covers the determination of GIc as well, which is of particular importance for plastics. 1.8 These test methods give general information concerning the requirements for KIc and GIc testing. As with Test Method E 399, two annexes are provided which give the specific requirements for testing of the SENB and CT geometries. 1.9 Test data obtained by these test methods are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design. 1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1- There is currently no ISO standard that duplicates this test method. Pending ISO/CD 13586 covers similar testing and references this test method for testing conditions.

Standard Test Methods for Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness and Strain Energy Release Rate of Plastic Materials

ASTM D6360-99 塑料的闭合碳弧曝光标准实施规范

1.1 This practice covers specific procedures and test conditions that are applicable for exposure of plastics in enclosed carbon-arc devices conducted in accordance with Practices G151 and G153. This practice also covers the preparation of test specimens, the test conditions suited for plastics, and the evaluation of test results. Note 1-Enclosed carbon-arc exposures are described in Practice G23, which described very specific equipment designs. Practice G23 is being replaced by Practice G151, which describes performance criteria for all exposure devices that use laboratory light sources, and by Practice G153, which gives requirements for exposing nonmetallic materials in enclosed carbon-arc devices. Practice G23 will be balloted for withdrawal before December 2000. 1.2 This practice does not cover filtered open-flame carbon-arc exposures of plastics, which are covered in Practice D1499. Practice D5031 describes enclosed carbon-arc exposure of paints and related coatings. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 2-This practice is not equivalent to any ISO practice for laboratory accelerated exposures of plastics.

Standard Practice for Enclosed Carbon-Arc Exposures of Plastics