87.040 (Paints and varnishes) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D5087-02(2014) 测定含溶剂汽车涂层释放的和在挥发性有机化合物控制装置中可除去(减少)的挥发性有机化合物(VOC)总量的标准试验方法

4.1 This test method provides basic engineering data that may be used to determine the amount of VOC available for delivery at the inlet of a VOC control device (particularly for the automobile industry).6 Typically, the procedure is useful for establishing the quantity of VOC that is evolved from the coating in the baking oven and available to be incinerated, although the same procedure can be followed for other forms of VOC abatement (that is, carbon, adsorption, etc.). 4.2 This test method may be adaptable for use directly in a production environment if all the critical factors (for example, temperature, cleanliness, vibration, accessibility, etc.) can be adequately controlled. 4.3 The total amount of VOC removed from the process by the VOC control device is a function of the amount available as given by this test method combined with the VOC removal efficiency of the control device. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of volatile organic compound (VOC) released from applied solventborne automotive coatings that is available for delivery to a VOC control device. This is accomplished by measuring the weight loss of a freshly coated test panel subjected to solvent evaporation or baking in a laboratory simulation of the production process. 1.2 This test method is applicable to the VOC released from flashoff and baking operations after the paint has been applied. 1.3 This test method is applicable to solventborne automotive coating materials and is intended to represent or simulate the production process. The same general principles apply to waterborne coatings that contain volatile organic compounds (VOC), although specific procedural details are not presented herein to differentiate between VOC and water. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining Amount of Volatile Organic Compound 40;VOC41; Released from Solventborne Automotive Coatings and Available for Removal in a VOC Control Device 40;Abatement41;

ASTM D5965-02(2007) 涂层粉末的比重的标准试验方法

Test Method A is a less expensive method of determining specific gravity of coating powders, excluding metallics, that produced less precise results than Test Method B. Test Method B provides better precision at higher cost and includes metallics, although different models produced different grand averages for each of the three samples tested. Test Method C is commonly used by the powder coating industry to estimate the coverage of a powder coating at a given thickness,using the theoretical specific gravity calculated from those of the raw materials. 1.1 These test methods cover three procedures for determining the specific gravity (see definition) of coating powders, as follows: TEST METHOD A—For Testing Coating Powders, Excluding Metallics TEST METHOD B—For Tests Requiring Greater Precision than Test Method A, Including Metallics, Using Helium Pycnometry TEST METHOD C—For Theoretical Calculation Based on Raw Material Specific Gravities 1.2 Test Method A can be used as a less expensive method with reduced accuracy for determining the specific gravity of coating powders, excluding metallics. 1.3 The ideal gas law forms the basis for all calculations used in the Test Method B determination of density of coating powders. 1.4 Test Method B includes procedures that provided acceptable results for samples analyzed during round robin testing. 1.5 Test Method B uses SI units as standard. State all numerical values in terms of SI units unless specific instrumentation software reports surface area using alternate units. Many instruments report density as g/cm3, instead of using SI units (kg/m3). 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Coating Powders

ASTM D4017-02 卡尔·费舍尔法测定涂料及相关物质中水份的标准试验方法

Control of water content is often important in controlling the performance of paint and paint ingredients, and it is critical in controlling volatile organic compound (VOC) content. Paint materials are often insoluble in common Karl Fischer solvents such as methanol. Pyridine has been found to be a nearly universal solvent for these materials; however, the Karl Fischer reaction is too slow in that solvent at room temperature. To speed it up, 1-ethylpiperidine is added at 5 % as a buffer, or “catalyst”. For nonpyridine based reagents, a number of different solvent systems are available to increase solubility and to minimize interferences from ketones and aldehydes.1.1 This test method is applicable to all paints and paint materials, including resins, monomers, and solvents, with the exception of aldehydes and certain active metals, metal oxides, and metal hydroxides. While the evaluation was limited to pigmented products containing amounts of water in the 30 to 70% range, there is reason to believe that higher and lower concentrations can be determined by this test method. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.

Standard Test Method for Water in Paints and Paint Materials by Karl Fischer Method

ASTM D714-02 涂料起泡程度评价的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method employs photographic reference standards to evaluate the degree of blistering that may develop when paint systems are subjected to conditions which will cause blistering. While primarily intended for use on metal and other nonporous surfaces, this test method may be used to evaluate blisters on porous surfaces, such as wood, if the size of blisters falls within the scope of these reference standards. When the reference standards are used as a specification of performance, the permissible degree of blistering of the paint system shall be agreed upon by the purchaser and the seller.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints

ASTM D714-02e1 涂料起泡程度评价的标准试验方法

A phenomenon peculiar to painted surfaces is the formation of blisters relative to some system weakness. This test method provides a standard procedure of describing the size and density of the blisters so that comparisons of severity can be made.1.1 This test method employs photographic reference standards to evaluate the degree of blistering that may develop when paint systems are subjected to conditions which will cause blistering. While primarily intended for use on metal and other nonporous surfaces, this test method may be used to evaluate blisters on porous surfaces, such as wood, if the size of blisters falls within the scope of these reference standards. When the reference standards are used as a specification of performance, the permissible degree of blistering of the paint system shall be agreed upon by the purchaser and the seller.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints

ASTM D5965-02 涂层粉末比重的标准测试方法

Test Method A is a less expensive method of determining specific gravity of coating powders, excluding metallics, that produced less precise results than Test Method B. Test Method B provides better precision at higher cost and includes metallics, although different models produced different grand averages for each of the three samples tested. Test Method C is commonly used by the powder coating industry to estimate the coverage of a powder coating at a given thickness, using the theoretical specific gravity calculated from those of the raw materials. 1.1 These test methods cover three procedures for determining the specific gravity (see definition) of coating powders, as follows: TEST METHOD A8212;For Testing Coating Powders, Excluding MetallicsTEST METHOD B8212;For Tests Requiring Greater Precision than Test Method A, Including Metallics, Using Helium PycnometryTEST METHOD C8212;For Theoretical Calculation Based on Raw Material Specific Gravities1.2 Test Method A can be used as a less expensive method with reduced accuracy for determining the specific gravity of coating powders, excluding metallics.1.3 The ideal gas law forms the basis for all calculations used in the Test Method B determination of density of coating powders.1.4 Test Method B includes procedures that provided acceptable results for samples analyzed during round robin testing.1.5 Test Method B uses SI units as standard. State all numerical values in terms of SI units unless specific instrumentation software reports surface area using alternate units. Many instruments report density as g/cm3, instead of using SI units (kg/m3).1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Coating Powders

ASTM D4457-02(2014) 使用气相色谱仪直接注入法测定涂料和清漆中二氯甲烷和1,1,1-三氯乙烷的标准试验方法

4.1 Use of 1,1,1-trichloroethane and dichloromethane, which do not measurably contribute to the atmospheric oxidant level, is a way for industry to meet government or other regulations on volatile organic compounds. This test method is designed to determine the content of these halohydrocarbon solvents in paints and coatings. That content can subsequently be used in calculating the volatile organic compound content of a coating. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of total amount of dichloromethane or 1,1,1-trichloroethane, or both, in paints and coatings. It has been evaluated for cellulose nitrate, alkyd, vinyl, and styrene-butadiene systems. It has not yet been evaluated for other formulations, but is believed to be applicable. The established working range of this test method is from 31 to 658201;% for 1,1,1-trichloroethane and 32 to 788201;% for dichloromethane. There is no reason to believe it will not work outside of these ranges. The presence of 1-propanol in paints and coatings requires the use of a different internal standard. (See also Practice E260.) 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Dichloromethane and 1,1,1-Trichloroethane in Paints and Coatings by Direct Injection into a Gas Chromatograph

ASTM D6762-02a(2009)e1 通过喷涂层的外观评价测定涂料遮盖能力的标准试验方法

This test method determines hiding power of a test paint by visual evaluation of a spray applied coating. Note 18212;Test Method D 2805 describes an instrumental method for determining hiding power. The paint film is applied at a uniform thickness (for example with a doctor blade), the film thickness is measured rigorously, and the opacity is determined photometrically. Hiding power is thereby determined with a high degree of precision. Test Method D 6762 is less precise than Test Method D 2805, but is commonly used since it is more closely related to the application characteristics of the paint and is simpler in concept and evaluation.1.1 This test method provides for the quantitative visual determination of the film thickness required to achieve full hiding. This film thickness is considered to be the hiding power of a test paint. 1.2 This method applies only to spray applied coatings but its concepts are valid for other methods of application as well. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining the Hiding Power of Paint by Visual Evaluation of Spray Applied Coatings

ASTM D6762-02e1 通过喷涂层的外观评价测定涂料遮盖能力的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method provides for the quantitative visual determination of the film thickness required to achieve full hiding. This film thickness is considered to be the hiding power of a test paint.1.2 This method applies only to spray applied coatings but its concepts are valid for other methods of application as well.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining the Hiding Power of Paint by Visual Evaluation of Spray Applied Coatings

ASTM D1308-02(2007) 家用化学品对透明和着色有机面漆影响的标准试验方法

Resistance to various liquids used in the home is an important characteristic of organic finishes. These test methods provide the means by which the relative performance of coating systems may be evaluated. It should be recognized that continuous films are necessary for reliable results.1.1 This test method covers determination of the effect of household chemicals on clear and pigmented organic finishes, resulting in any objectionable alteration in the surface, such as discoloration, change in gloss, blistering, softening, swelling, loss of adhesion, or special phenomena.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Effect of Household Chemicals on Clear and Pigmented Organic Finishes

ASTM C1520-02 乳胶密封剂可涂性标准指南

The intent of this guide is to provide the reader with information concerning possible reasons for paint failures where the paint is used over a latex sealant.1.1 This guide describes the practical considerations that may be used to determine the compatibility of a paint or coating to be applied over a latex sealant or caulk. It evaluates the appearance and not the performance characteristics of the coated or painted joint.1.2 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other organizations.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

Standard Guide for Paintability of Latex Sealants

ASTM D3925-02 液态涂料和相关颜料涂层的抽样标准实施规程

Samples are taken from batches, lots, and shipments of paint in order to determine their uniformity and compliance with specification requirements. It is very important that these samples be of convenient and economical size and that they be representative of the batch of paint at the time it was filled into shipping or storage containers. The time and effort necessary to ensure that the sample is representative of the original material will be repaid in reduction of laboratory work and elimination of possible rejections of acceptable material.1.1 This practice describes methods of taking representative samples of fluid paint or pigmented coating products from containers of any type.1.2 Two ISO standards, ISO 1513 and ISO 15528, cover the details and equipment for sampling of liquid paints and associated materials in much greater detail than this standard. The reader is referred to those standards for more information1.3 The sampling of dry powder paints, clear coatings, mixed solvents, and nonpigmented materials of any type is not covered in this procedure.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related Pigmented Coatings

ASTM D2338-02(2007) 彩色喷漆颗粒大小测定的标准试验方法

This test method provides a uniform nomenclature for the producer and user in the identification of the various particle sizes used in the manufacture of nitrocellulose-type multicolor lacquers.1.1 This test method employs photographic reference standards to evaluate the particle size of multicolor lacquers.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining Particle Size of Multicolor Lacquers

ASTM D56-01 泰格密闭闪点试验器测定闪点的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flash point, by tag manual and automated closed testers, of liquids with a viscosity below 5.5 mm2/s (cSt) at 40oC (104oF), or below 9.5 mm2/s (cSt) at 25oC (77oF), and a flash point below 93oC (200oF).1.1.1 For the closed-cup flash point of liquids with the following properties: a viscosity of 5.5 mm2/s (cSt) or more at 40oC (104oF); a viscosity of 9.5 mm2/s (cSt) or more at 25oC (77oF); a flash point of 93oC (200oF) or higher; a tendency to form a surface film under test conditions; or containing suspended solids, Test Method D93 can be used.1.1.2 For cut-back asphalts refer to Test Methods D1310 and D3143. Note 1--The U.S. Department of Transportation (RSTA) and U.S. Department of Labor (OSHA) have established that liquids with a flash point under 37.8oC (100oF) are flammable as determined by this test method for those liquids that have a viscosity less than 5.5 mm2/s (cSt) at 40oC (104oF) or 9.5 mm2/s (cSt) or less at 25oC (77oF), or do not contain suspended solids or do not have a tendency to form a surface film while under test. Other flash point classifications have been established by these departments for liquids using this test method.1.2 This test method can be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and cannot be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test method can be used as elements of fire risk assessment that takes into account all of the factors that are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.1.3 Related Standards are Test Methods D93, D1310, D3828, D3278, and D3941.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see 8.2 and 8.3 and refer to Material Safety Data Sheets.

Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Tester

ASTM D5031-01(2006) 使用封闭碳弧光灯曝露仪对涂料及有关涂层进行试验的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers the selection of test conditions for accelerated exposure testing of coatings and related products in enclosed carbon arc devices operated according to Practices G 151 and G 153. This practice also covers the preparation of test specimens, the test conditions suited for coatings, and the evaluation of test results. describes commonly used test conditions.Note 1Previous versions of this practice referenced carbon arc devices described by Practice G 23, which described very specific equipment designs. Practice G 23 has been withdrawn and replaced by Practice G 151, which describes performance criteria for all exposure devices that use laboratory light sources, and by Practice G 153, which gives requirements for exposing nonmetallic materials in enclosed carbon-arc devices.1.2 This practice does not cover filtered open-flame carbon-arc exposures of paints and related coatings, which is described in Practice D 822. Another procedure for exposing these products is covered by Practice D 3361, in which the specimens are subjected to radiation from an unfiltered open-flame carbon arc that produces shorter wavelengths and higher levels of short wavelength radiation than filtered open flame or enclosed carbon arcs.Note 2Practice D 3361 requires use of open-flame carbon-arc apparatus with automatic humidity control.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Enclosed Carbon-Arc Exposure Tests of Paint and Related Coatings

ASTM D2337-01 彩色喷漆冻结-熔化稳定性标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the extent to which multicolor lacquers resist coagulation and coalescence when subjected to freezing and subsequent thawing. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Freeze-Thaw Stability of Multicolor Lacquers

ASTM D1644-01(2006) 清漆中不挥发物含量的标准试验方法

These test methods are applicable to varnish and are useful to producers and users in determining nonvolatile content and are sometimes an appropriate measure of the film-forming matter in varnish.1.1 These test methods determine the fraction of a varnish that is nonvolatile at the temperature of the test while volatile solvents are driven off. It is sometimes an approximate measure of the film-forming matter in a varnish.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific statement, see Section .

Standard Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of Varnishes

ASTM D3133-01 用红外线光谱测定法对醇酸天然漆中硝酸纤维素定量测定的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of the content of cellulose nitrate (also known as nitrocellulose) in lacquers containing alkyd resins.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see 7.1.1.

Standard Test Method for Quantitative Determination of Cellulose Nitrate in Alkyd Modified Lacquers by Infrared Spectrophotometry

ASTM D3361-01 用非滤光碳弧型装置测定涂料和有关涂层的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers the selection of test conditions for accelerated exposure testing of coatings and related products in unfiltered open-flame carbon-arc devices conducted according to Practice G 151. This practice also covers the preparation of test specimens, the test conditions suited for coatings, and the evaluation of test results.Note 1--Previous versions of this practice referenced carbon-arc devices described by Practice G 23, which described very specific equipment designs. Practice G 23 has been withdrawn and replaced by Practice G 151, which describes performance criteria for all exposure devices that use laboratory light sources.1.2 This practice covers unfiltered open-flame carbon-arc exposures of paints and related coatings, and covers the exposure cycle that has been commonly referred to as the "dew cycle." Practice D 822 describes filtered open-flame carbon-arc devices, and Practice D 5031 describes enclosed carbon-arc exposures. The radiation from an unfiltered open-flame carbon arc produces shorter wavelengths and higher levels of short wavelength radiation than either filtered open-flame or enclosed carbon arcs.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Unfiltered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings

ASTM D4587-01 用荧光紫外线曝光曝水装置对涂料及有关涂层和材料进行测试的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers the selection of test conditions for accelerated exposure testing of coatings and related products in fluorescent UV and condensation devices conducted according to Practices G 151 and G 154. This practice also covers the preparation of test specimens, and the evaluation of test results. describes commonly used test conditions.Note 1--Previous versions of this practice referenced fluorescent UV devices described by Practice G 53, which described very specific equipment designs. Practice G 53 has been withdrawn and replaced by Practice G 151, which describes performance criteria for all exposure devices that use laboratory light sources, and by Practice G 154, which gives requirements for exposing nonmetallic materials in fluorescent UV devices.Note 2--ISO 11507:1997 also describes fluorescent UV-condensation exposures of paints and coatings.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Fluorescent UV-Condensation Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings