87.040 (Paints and varnishes) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D562-01 采用Stormer-型粘度计测量Krebs单位用的涂料粘稠度的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the measurement of Krebs Unit (KU) viscosity to evaluate the consistency of paints and related coatings using the Stormer-type viscometer.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring Krebs Unit (KU) Viscosity Using a Stormer-Type Viscometer

ASTM D6736-01 试验方法

Interior flat paints may become burnished in areas where clothing or upholstered furniture rub against a wall. This rubbing may cause a smoother, glossier surface at the contacted area, depending on the level or type of pigments in the paint and binder hardness. This method permits a more quantitative estimate of burnish resistance than those using manual rubbing techniques.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for measuring the resistance of latex paints to burnishing under dry conditions.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Burnish Resistance of Latex Paints

ASTM D5286-01 在一般生产条件下,涂料喷涂传送效率测定的标准试验方法

1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the transfer efficiency of spray-applied coatings under general plant conditions. Transfer efficiency is the ratio of paint solids deposited to the total paint solids used during the application process, expressed as a percent.1.2 The transfer efficiency is calculated from the weight or volume of the paint solids sprayed and that of the paint solids deposited on the painted part.1.3 Limitations include the ability to accurately determine the amount of paint solids deposited on the part and the capability of accurate measurement of the amount of paint sprayed.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.Note 1--These test methods apply to general plant production equipment and procedures. A method specific to automotive plants is defined in Test Method D5066.Note 2--The relationship between volatile organic compound emission rates and transfer efficiency in automobile and light duty truck topcoat operations, EPA 450/3-88-018, referenced in Test Method D5066 does not apply to general production facilities.Note 3--A single-point transfer efficiency measurement may not represent the entire process.Note 4--The operator and the spray-application equipment-operating conditions during the transfer efficiency measurement should be representative of normal operating conditions.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazard statements see Section 7, and 10.3.1.Note 5--These test methods have not been adopted by federal regulatory agencies for demonstration of compliance with air pollution regulations such as VOC, HAPS, etc.

Standard Test Methods for Determination of Transfer Efficiency Under General Production Conditions for Spray Application of Paints

ASTM D1644-01(2012) 清漆中非挥发性含量的标准试验方法

Significance and UseTop Bottom 2.1 These test methods are applicable to varnish and are useful to producers and users in determining nonvolatile content and are sometimes an appropriate measure of the film-forming matter in varnish. 1.1 These test methods determine the fraction of a varnish that is nonvolatile at the temperature of the test while volatile solvents are driven off. It is sometimes an approximate measure of the film-forming matter in a varnish. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific statement, see Section 3.

Standard Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of Varnishes

ASTM D5286-01(2005) 在一般生产条件下,涂料喷涂传送效率测定的标准试验方法

Subject to the limitations listed in 1.3, these test methods can be used to optimize paint application processes.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the transfer efficiency of spray-applied coatings under general plant conditions. Transfer efficiency is the ratio of paint solids deposited to the total paint solids used during the application process, expressed as a percent.1.2 The transfer efficiency is calculated from the weight or volume of the paint solids sprayed and that of the paint solids deposited on the painted part.1.3 Limitations include the ability to accurately determine the amount of paint solids deposited on the part and the capability of accurate measurement of the amount of paint sprayed.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.Note 18212;These test methods apply to general plant production equipment and procedures. A method specific to automotive plants is defined in Test Method D 5066.Note 28212;The relationship between volatile organic compound emission rates and transfer efficiency in automobile and light duty truck topcoat operations, EPA 450/3-88-018, referenced in Test Method D 5066 does not apply to general production facilities.Note 38212;A single-point transfer efficiency measurement may not represent the entire process.Note 48212;The operator and the spray-application equipment-operating conditions during the transfer efficiency measurement should be representative of normal operating conditions.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Section 7, and 10.3.1.Note 58212;These test methods have not been adopted by federal regulatory agencies for demonstration of compliance with air pollution regulations such as VOC, HAPS, etc.

Standard Test Methods for Determination of Transfer Efficiency Under General Production Conditions for Spray Application of Paints

ASTM D4141-01 进行涂层黑箱和阳光集中暴露试验的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers two accelerated outdoor exposure procedures for evaluating the exterior durability of coatings applied to substrates.1.2 The two procedures are as follows:1.2.1 Procedure A--Black Box Exposure.1.2.2 Procedure B-- has been deleted from this practice.1.2.3 Procedure C--Fresnel Reflector Rack Exposure.Note 1--Procedure B described a Heated Black Box procedure that is no longer in common use.1.3 This standard does not cover all the procedures that are available to the user for accelerating the outdoor exposure of coatings. Other procedures have been used in order to provide a particular effect; however, the two procedures described here are widely used.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Conducting Black Box and Solar Concentrating Exposures of Coatings

ASTM D333-01(2007) 透明漆和着色漆的标准指南

These test methods are intended to compile as well as provide screening tests in evaluating clear and pigmented lacquers as used in different coating operations. Each coating system may contain from a simple one coat operation to a multicoat finishing system. The substrates may be varied, ferrous and non ferrous, plastic or wood which can affect the performance of a given coating system. Substrate cleaning, chemically or physically, is an essential and critical aspect to the performance of the coating system. Results from the various tests are not necessarily all useful in evaluating the performance of the different types of coating systems used on the many varied substrates.1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing lacquers and lacquer coatings. The test methods included are listed in Table 1. Note 1 - In accordance with Terminology D 16, a lacquer is defined as a coating composition that is based on synthetic thermoplastic filmforming material dissolved in organic solvent(s) and that dries primarily by solvent evaporation. Typical lacquers include those based on nitrocellulose, other cellulose derivatives, vinyl resins, acrylic resins, etc.Note 2 - Lacquers may be applied under such diverse conditions, to so many different surfaces, and their dried films may be subjected to so many kinds of wear and exposure that it is not possible to assure desired performance from a single selection of test methods and numerical results therefrom. Those skilled in lacquer technology may find partial assurance of obtaining desired qualities in various types of lacquers through careful selection of the methods covered herein and intelligent interpretation of results therefrom. Note 3 - It is intended ultimately to remove all experimental procedures from Test Methods D 333 and to establish them as a guide to the selection of test methods for lacquer and perhaps to interpretation of results therefrom. Temporarily there remain in Test Methods D 333 a few tests that are too short or otherwise presently unsuitable for establishment under separate ASTM designations.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Clear and Pigmented Lacquers

ASTM D1644-01 清漆中不挥发物含量的标准试验方法

1.1 These test methods determine the fraction of a varnish that is nonvolatile at the temperature of the test while volatile solvents are driven off. It is sometimes an approximate measure of the film-forming matter in a varnish.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific statement, see Section 3.

Standard Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of Varnishes

ASTM E1645-01(2007) 热板法或微波溶解法连续分析铅含量用干漆样品制备的标准实施规程

Paint in buildings and related structures needs to be monitored for lead content in order to determine the potential lead hazard. Hence, effective and efficient methods are required for the preparation of paint samples that may contain lead. This practice may be used for the digestion of paint samples that are collected during various lead-hazard control and risk assessment activities associated with lead abatement in and around buildings and related structures. This practice is also suitable for the digestion of paint samples collected from locations such as commercial buildings. This practice may be used to prepare samples that have been obtained in order to ensure compliance with laws that govern lead content in paints. This practice may be used to prepare samples that have been collected for risk assessment purposes. This practice is intended for use with paint samples that are prepared for subsequent analysis by laboratory-based quantitative analytical methods.1.1 This practice covers the sample preparation procedures for paint samples that are collected during the assessment, management or control of lead hazards.1.2 This practice describes the digestion procedures using a hot plate or microwave oven or apparatus for paint samples that are to be analyzed for lead content.1.3 This practice covers the general considerations for quantitative sample extraction for total recoverable lead in dried paint samples (either bulk paint or paint powder) using hot plate or microwave heating techniques, or both.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.5 This practice contains notes that are explanatory and not part of the mandatory requirements of the standard.1.6 This practice is based on two NIOSH Methods, 7082 and 7105, and on an EPA standard operating procedure for lead in paint.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 6.2.4.4 and 7.2.1.

Standard Practice for Preparation of Dried Paint Samples by Hotplate or Microwave Digestion for Subsequent Lead Analysis

ASTM D6486-01 汽车涂层的短时暴露的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice provides the protocol for vehicle service exposure testing of automotive coatings. Such exposure testing is valuable for the verification of the performance of automotive coatings and correlation with laboratory test data. Vehicle service exposure is intended to provide short term (2 to 20 weeks) exposure to the stress factors associated with vehicle operation. Factors included are scratch, mar, impact, stone chipping, insect impact, bird dropping, tree sap and staining, environmental fallout, etc.Note 1--Vehicle service exposure is not intended to provide the conditions that are needed for characterizing the long term effects of weathering or corrosion exposure.1.2 The exposure conditions are produced by the placement of multiple test panels of automotive finishes on automotive test fleets that traverse a defined road course. Exposure to the operating environment can be 20 h/day, 7 days/week allowing for accumulation of over 100 000 miles in 10 weeks of exposure.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Short Term Vehicle Service Exposure of Automotive Coatings

ASTM D5590-00(2010)e1 用加快四周琼脂平板法测定漆膜及有关涂层耐真菌磨损性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers an accelerated method for determining the relative resistance of two or more paints or coating films to fungal growth. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining the Resistance of Paint Films and Related Coatings to Fungal Defacement by Accelerated Four-Week Agar Plate Assay

ASTM D3273-00(2005) 环境模拟室内涂层表面的抗霉菌生长标准试验方法

An accelerated test for determining the resistance of interior coatings to mold growth is useful in estimating the performance of coatings designed for use in interior environments that promote mold growth and in evaluating compounds that may inhibit such growth and the aggregate levels for their use (see also Note 1). This test method should preferably be used by persons who have had basic microbiological training. FIG. 1 Environmental Cabinet Assembly1.1 This test method describes a small environmental chamber and the conditions of operation to evaluate reproducibly in a 4-week period the relative resistance of paint films to surface mold fungi, mildew growth in a severe interior environment. The apparatus is designed so it can be easily built or obtained by any interested party and will duplicate results obtained in a large tropical chamber.1.2 This test method can be used to evaluate the comparative resistance of interior coating to accelerated mildew growth. Performance at a certain rating (in accordance with Test Method D3274) does not imply any specific period of time for a fungal free coating. However, a better rated coating nearly always performs better in actual end use.Note 1--This test method is intended for the accelerated evaluation of an interior coatings' resistance to fungal defacement. Use of this test method for evaluating exterior coatings' performance has not been validated, nor have the limitations for such use been determined. Should this test method be used for the testing of an exterior coating system, a precautionary statement regarding interpretation of results as being outside of the scope of this test method must be included. Any accelerated weathering (leaching, weathering machine exposure, etc.,) should be reported and should also bear reference to the fact that it is beyond the current scope of this test method.1.3 Temperature and humidity must be effectively controlled within the relatively narrow limits specified in order for the chamber to function reproducibly during the short test period. Severity and rate of mold growth on a film is a function of the moisture content of both the film and the substrate. A relative humidity of 95 to 98 % at a temperature of 32.5+ 1oC (90+ 2oF ) is necessary for test panels to develop rapidly and maintain an adequate moisture level to support mold growth. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Resistance to Growth of Mold on the Surface of Interior Coatings in an Environmental Chamber

ASTM D3258-00 漆膜孔隙率标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the porosity of a white or near white mineral spirits insoluble paint film to indicate the degree to which a subsequent coat will penetrate. 1.2 The texture of the film can affect cleanup that will influence the results of the test. A stain applied to a high-hiding paint will not lower the reflectance as much as the same stain applied to a low-hiding paint of equal porosity. These points must be considered in comparing different paints. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Porosity of Paint Films

ASTM D1209-00 透明液体色度的标准试验方法(铂钴标度)

1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the visual measurement of the color of essentially light colored liquids (Note 1). It is applicable only to materials in which the color-producing bodies present have light absorption characteristics nearly identical with those of the platinum-cobalt color standards used. Note 1-A procedure for estimating color of darker liquids, described for soluble nitrocellulose base solutions, is given in Methods D365. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Section 6. 1.3 For specific hazard information, see the Material Safety Data Sheet.

Standard Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-Cobalt Scale)

ASTM D3928-00a 表面光泽度均匀性评价的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the uniformity of gloss or sheen of a paint applied by brush to a test panel simulating an interior wall section. Variations in gloss or sheen that may be caused by short wet edge time, poor leveling, and pigment orientation or flotation during and after application are evaluated visually. 1.2 Because both the application and the panel evaluation are very subjective, this test method should be used only for comparative testing within one laboratory as the ratings assigned by different laboratories do not usually agree (see 8.1). 1.3 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Gloss or Sheen Uniformity

ASTM D5590-00(2005) 用加速的四周琼脂平面培养分析测定漆膜及有关涂层耐霉菌损坏的标准试验方法

Defacement of paint and coating films by fungal growth (mold, mildew) is a common phenomenon, and defacement by algal growth can also occur under certain conditions. It is generally known that differences in the environment, lighting, temperature, humidity, substrate pH, and other factors in addition to the coating composition affect the susceptibility of a given painted surface. This test method attempts to provide a means to comparatively evaluate different coating formulations for their relative performance under a given set of conditions. It does not imply that a coating that resists growth under these conditions will necessarily resist growth in the actual application. Note 18212;It is hoped that a ranking of relative performance would be similar to that ranked from outdoor exposures. However, this test method should not be used as a replacement for exterior exposure (that is, Practice D 3456) since many other factors, only a few of which are listed will affect those results. Note 28212;Several companies have reported reasonable correlation of results from this test with actual use when testing film-forming, pigmented coatings. Round-robin testing of this test method versus exterior exposure is planned. Familiarity with microbiological techniques is required. This test method should not be used by persons without at least basic microbiological training.1.1 This test method covers an accelerated method for determining the relative resistance of two or more paints or coating films to fungal growth.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining the Resistance of Paint Films and Related Coatings to Fungal Defacement by Accelerated Four-Week Agar Plate Assay

ASTM D5590-00(2010) 用加速的四周琼脂平面培养分析测定漆膜及有关涂层耐霉菌损坏的标准试验方法

Defacement of paint and coating films by fungal growth (mold, mildew) is a common phenomenon, and defacement by algal growth can also occur under certain conditions. It is generally known that differences in the environment, lighting, temperature, humidity, substrate pH, and other factors in addition to the coating composition affect the susceptibility of a given painted surface. This test method attempts to provide a means to comparatively evaluate different coating formulations for their relative performance under a given set of conditions. It does not imply that a coating that resists growth under these conditions will necessarily resist growth in the actual application. Note 18212;It is hoped that a ranking of relative performance would be similar to that ranked from outdoor exposures. However, this test method should not be used as a replacement for exterior exposure (that is, Practice D3456) since many other factors, only a few of which are listed will affect those results. Note 28212;Several companies have reported reasonable correlation of results from this test with actual use when testing film-forming, pigmented coatings. Round-robin testing of this test method versus exterior exposure is planned. Familiarity with microbiological techniques is required. This test method should not be used by persons without at least basic microbiological training.1.1 This test method covers an accelerated method for determining the relative resistance of two or more paints or coating films to fungal growth. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining the Resistance of Paint Films and Related Coatings to Fungal Defacement by Accelerated Four-Week Agar Plate Assay

ASTM D2574-00 容器中乳化漆耐微生物侵蚀的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative resistance of emulsion paints to attack in the container by microorganisms. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Resistance of Emulsion Paints in the Container to Attack by Microorganisms

ASTM D3793-00 乳胶漆膜低温凝聚的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the comparative coalescence of a series of latex paints by determining the porosity of films dried at standard and at low temperature. Porosity is evaluated with a penetrating medium as in Test Method D3258. 1.2 The texture of the film, which can affect cleanup, will influence the results of the test. Stain applied to a high-hiding paint will not lower the reflectance as much as the same stain applied to a low-hiding paint of equal porosity. These points must be considered in comparing the different paints. 1.3 This method should be used only for comparative testing within one laboratory, as the numerical results obtained by different laboratories do not usually agree. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Coalescence of Latex Paint Films

ASTM D3450-00 内用建筑涂层可洗性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative ease of removing soilant discolorations from the dried film of an interior coating by washing with either an abrasive or nonabrasive cleaner. 1.2 This test method is limited to coatings having a CIE-Y reflectance of 60% or more, as measured in accordance with Test Method E1347. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Washability Properties of Interior Architectural Coatings