93.080.20 (Road construction materials) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D7196-12 冷混合乳化沥青样品分离试验的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method measures the resistance to raveling characteristics of emulsified asphalt and field aggregates or Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) mixtures by simulating an abrasion similar to early return to traffic. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard unless otherwise indicated. 1.3 A precision and bias statement for this standard has not been developed at this time. Therefore, this standard should not be used for acceptance or rejection of a material for purchasing purposes. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Raveling Test of Cold Mixed Emulsified Asphalt Samples

ASTM D4280-12 耐久型不可磨去的凸起式反射路面标志的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers nonplowable, retroreflective raised pavement markers for nighttime lane marking and delineation. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound SI units are to be regarded as the standard except where noted in the document. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 9, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Specification for Extended Life Type, Nonplowable, Raised Retroreflective Pavement Markers

ASTM D6608-12 在沥青混合物中鉴定特立尼达湖沥青的标准实施规程

4.1 Bitumen contains sulfur compounds most of which are removed during refining, the resulting asphalt cement also contains sulfur compounds which are released at the temperatures above 230°C . Trinidad Lake Modified Asphalt contains sulfur compounds, which are released at lower temperatures between 170°C and 230°C . The release of sulfur from Trinidad Lake Modified Asphalt tarnishes the copper strip and appears to be related directly to the total TLA content. The copper strip test is designed to assess the qualitative presence of TLA in asphalt cements. 1.1 This practice shall be used for the qualitative determination of Trinidad Lake Asphalt in Trinidad Lake Modified Asphalt Cements obtained from production blends or recovered binder from asphalt paving mixtures. 1.2 The values stated is SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard 1.3 It is limited to the binder content of Trinidad Lake Modified Asphalt (Specification D5710) used in the construction of asphalt pavements. 1.4 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/ mercury/index.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state may be prohibited by state law. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for the Identification of Trinidad Lake Asphalt in Asphalt Mixes

ASTM D6999-12 乳化沥青的可拌和性的标准实施规程

3.1 It is sometimes desirable to dilute an emulsified asphalt in the field with water. This practice is designed to ascertain if this may be done without irreversibly separating the water and asphalt (breaking) in the emulsified asphalt.Note 2???Water supplies available in some areas contain high levels of dissolved salts and other minerals which coalesce (break) emulsified asphalts to a greater degree than distilled or deionized water. It is recommended that the user evaluate potential local job site water sources such as tap water using this practice before attempting a field dilution. 1.1 This practice covers the suitability of all medium and slow-setting emulsified asphalts to be diluted with water.. It is not applicable to the rapid-setting types. 1.2 This practice does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Miscibility of Emulsified Asphalts

ASTM D977-12 乳化沥青的标准规格

1.1 This specification covers thirteen grades of emulsified asphalt for use in pavement construction in the manner designated. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

Standard Specification for Emulsified Asphalt

ASTM D4383-12 可磨去的凸起反射路面标志的标准规格

1.1 This specification covers a type of plowable, retroreflective, raised pavement marker for lane marking and delineation. 1.2 Retroreflective markers are intended for nighttime visibility. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard except where noted in the document. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 10, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Specification for Plowable, Raised Retroreflective Pavement Markers

ASTM D3381/D3381M-12 路面建筑用粘度分级沥青水泥的标准规格

1.1 This specification covers asphalt cements graded by viscosity at 60°C [140°F] for use in pavement construction. Three sets of limits are offered in this specification. The purchaser shall specify the applicable table of limits. In the event the purchaser does not specify limits, Table 1 shall apply. For asphalt cements graded by penetration at 25°C [77°F]. See Specification D946. If needed, volume corrections for asphalt cements should be made according to Practice D4311.TABLE 1 Requirements for Asphalt Cement, Viscosity Graded at 60°C [140°F]Note 1—Grading based on original asphalt. Test Viscosity Grade AC-2.5 AC-5 AC-10 AC-20 AC-30 AC-40 Viscosity, 60°C [140°F], Pa·s 25 ± 5 50 ± 10 100 ± 20 200 ± 40 300 ± 60 400 ± 80

Standard Specification for Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Cement for Use in Pavement Construction

ASTM D979/D979M-12 沥青铺面混合料取样的标准操作规程

General: Sampling is equally as important as the testing, and the sampler shall take every precaution to obtain samples that will yield an acceptable estimate of the nature and conditions of the materials which they represent. Samples for the development of preliminary data are obtained by the party responsible for the development of the data. Samples for control of the product at the source of manufacture or storage, or at the site of use, are obtained by the manufacturer, contractor, or other parties responsible for accomplishing the work. Samples for tests to be used in acceptance or rejection decisions by the purchaser are obtained by the purchaser or his authorized representative. This standard shall not be used for the sampling of compacted bituminous paving mixtures. shall be used.1.1 This practice covers sampling of bituminous paving mixtures at points of manufacture, storage, delivery, or in place. 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Sampling Bituminous Paving Mixtures

ASTM D6997-12 乳化沥青馏出物的标准试验方法

This test method can be used for quantitative determination of residue and oil distillates in emulsified asphalts for specification acceptance, service evaluation, control, and research. This test method can also be used to obtain residue and oil distillate for further testing. This method may not be appropriate for emulsified asphalts containing latex or polymer, however some specifying agencies may utilize this method and stipulate a lowered distillation temperature. By stipulating a lowered distillation temperature, the precision and bias statement may not be considered valid. Low temperature methods such as Test Method D7403 and Practice D7497 are options for obtaining residue for latex or polymer modified emulsified asphalts.1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of residue and oil distillate in emulsified asphalts composed principally of a semisolid or liquid asphaltic base, water, and an emulsifying agent. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This test method does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Distillation of Emulsified Asphalt

ASTM E2832-12 连续浸润标准条件下路面标记反射亮度系数测量的标准试验方法 (RL-2)

This test method produces a measure of retroreflective efficiency (coefficient of retroreflected luminance, RL-2) for a pavement marking system under conditions of continuous wetting. The test result depends on factors such as the pavement marking binder and optic materials, their application, wear from traffic and plowing, wetting rate, and road grade and cross slope. The measured retroreflective efficiency under conditions of continuous wetting may be used to characterize the properties of a pavement marking on the road as water is continuously falling on it. The retroreflective efficiency of the marking under conditions of continuous wetting is almost always different than under dry conditions. The wetting rate of 2 in./h represents the upper limit of what is meteorologically classified as heavy rainfall. Rainfall rates above 2 in./h are classified as extreme or violent, and are sometimes associated with weather such as tropical storms. The retroreflectivity of pavement markings degrades with traffic wear and requires periodic measurement to ensure that the coefficient of retroreflected luminance under continuous wetting meets requirements and provides adequate visibility for nighttime drivers. The continuous wetting rate as well as the roadway grade and cross slope impact the results of this test method. The user shall measure and report the rate used for testing. The roadway grade and cross slope adjacent to the measurement area impact the results of this test method. A digital level (inclinometer) can be used to quickly measure grade and cross slope. Results obtained using this test method should not be the sole basis for specifying and assessing the wet retroreflective effectiveness of pavement marking systems. Users should complement the results of this test method with other evaluation results, such as nighttime visual inspections.1.1 This test method covers a measurement of the wet retroreflective (RL-2) properties of horizontal pavement marking materials, such as traffic stripes and road surface symbols. A standardized method utilizing a standardized continuous wetting device and a portable retroreflectometer is described to obtain measurements of the wet retroreflective properties of horizontal pavement markings. 1.2 Retroreflective performance obtained with this test in a standardized condition of continuous wetting does not necessarily relate to how markings perform in all conditions of natural rain. Note 18212;Test Method E2177 may be used to describe the retroreflective properties of pavement markings in conditions of wetness, such as after a period of rain. 1.3 This test method is suitable for measurements made in the laboratory and in the field when the necessary controls and precautions are followed. 1.4 This test method specifies the use of external beam retroreflectometers conforming to Test Method E1710. The entrance and observation angles required of the retroreflectometer in this test method are commonly referred to as “30 meter geometry.” 1.5 The test method excludes the effects of rain between the vehicle and the marking. 1.6 Results obtained using this test method should not be the sole basis for specifying and assessing the wet retroreflective effectiveness of pavement marking systems. Users should complement the results of this test method with other evaluation results, such as nighttime visual inspections. 1.7 The values stated in......

Standard Test Method for Measuring the Coefficient of Retroreflected Luminance of Pavement Markings in a Standard Condition of Continuous Wetting (RL-2)

ASTM D5078/D5078M-11 沥青混凝土和波特兰水泥的混凝土路面用加热粉碎注料器标准规范

1.1 This specification covers hot-applied crack filler for use in filling cracks in asphalt concrete and portland cement concrete pavements. 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Specification for Crack Filler, Hot-Applied, for Asphalt Concrete and Portland Cement Concrete Pavements

ASTM D7741/D7741M-11e1 用手持旋转粘度计测定沥青.橡胶或其他沥青表观粘度的标准试验方法

This test is primarily used for field production control of Asphalt-Rubber (A-R) and other high viscosity binders; however the test can also be used in a laboratory setting. A hand held rotational viscometer is used to measure the apparent viscosity of a completed blend of A-R or high viscosity binder. A rotor (spindle), turning at constant speed, is inserted in the liquid binder to be measured. The resistance to movement of the spindle (torque) caused by the viscosity of the surrounding liquid is measured using a special mechanism to obtain direct readings in Pa·s or cP. Note 18212;Spindle generally made of stainless steel, although another metal such as brass could be used. The measured apparent viscosity is used to control the production of the A-R or other high viscosity binder, to assess the uniformity of the binder produced or for other related purposes. As the spindle turns in the A-R or other high viscosity binder, it has a tendency to “drill” into the sample (i.e., for A-R, the spindle spins the rubber particles out of the measurement area). Consequently, the apparent viscosity drops to reflect only the liquid phase of the high viscosity binder. Therefore, the peak viscosity measurement value is recorded to reflect the viscosity of the blended material.1.1 The use of high viscosity asphalt binders like Asphalt-Rubber is becoming more common in the United States and worldwide. Specifications such as Specification D6114 note the need for field control of the apparent viscosity and require the use of a field production rotational viscometer. The testing of Asphalt-Rubber Binder for use in Asphalt- Rubber Hot Mix and for Asphalt-Rubber Membrane is necessary to ensure consistent mix properties that will ensure good performance of these materials. Logistics of field applications limits the use of conventional laboratory controls and testing equipment. This test, using a hand held rotational viscometer can be conducted in either the field or laboratory to determine the apparent viscosity of Asphalt-Rubber and other high viscosity binders for field production control and to assess the uniformity of the binder produced or for other related purposes. 1.2 Asphalt-Rubber Binder consists of a blend of paving grade asphalt cement and crumb rubber as described in Specification D6114. Other high viscosity asphalt binders may consist of asphalts modified with polymer or fiber or both. Testing is performed following the specified reaction time, if any, within the production process. Control of the raw materials is separate from the test. 1.3 The values stated in SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-compliance with the standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Apparent Viscosity of Asphalt-Rubber or Other Asphalt Binders by Using a Rotational Hand Held Viscometer

ASTM E2177-11 标准潮湿条件下路面标记反射亮度(R_L)系数测量的标准试验方法

The nighttime performance of pavement markings is determined by the coefficient of retroreflected luminance, RL, be it dry or wet, and depends on the materials used, age, and wear pattern. These conditions shall be observed and noted by the user. Under the same conditions of headlight illumination and driver''s viewing, larger values of RL correspond to higher levels of visual performance at corresponding geometry. The pavement marking''s measured performance in the standard condition of wetness is used to characterize the performance of the marking on the road when wet. Newly installed pavement markings may have a natural surface tension or release agents that prevent wetting of the product by water. The water will tend to “bead up” on the marking. This “non wetting” condition is usually short lived. Pavement markings that have been on the road for one month prior to testing usually do not exhibit this non-wetting phenomenon. (Warning–This phenomenon produces an interference when assessing the wet characteristics of a pavement marking. Attempts to measure markings with this surface “non-wetting” or “beading” of the water may give higher values.) The retroreflectivity, RL, of pavement (road) markings degrades with traffic wear and requires periodic measurement to ensure that sufficient line visibility is provided to drivers. For example see Specification D6359 for dry retroreflectivity requirements. For a given viewing distance, measurements of RL made with a retroreflectometer having a geometry corresponding to that viewing distance are a good indicator of the visual ranking of the material measured. As specified by Test Method E1710, the measurement geometry of the instrument is based on a viewing distance of 30 m, an eye height of 1.2 m and a headlight mounting height of 0.65 m (see Appendix X1). It shall be the responsibility of the user to employ an instrument having the specified observation and entrance angles.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the wet retroreflective (RL) properties of horizontal pavement marking materials, such as traffic stripes and road surface symbols, using a portable or mobile retroreflectometer that can be placed on or before the road marking to measure the retroreflection at the prescribed geometry. 1.2 This method of measuring the wet retroreflective properties (RL) of pavement markings measures the wet retroreflectivity in a standard condition of wetness (see Fig. 1). 1.2.1 Discussion151;This test condition typically exists (1) after a rainfall has ended and the pavement markings are still wet or (2) as the markings are wet from dew or humidity. 1.3 Retroreflective performance obtained with this test in conditions of wetness does not necessarily relate to how markings perform in conditions of rain, that is, as markings are being rained upon. Note 18212;Test Method

Standard Test Method for Measuring the Coefficient of Retroreflected Luminance (R_L) of Pavement Markings in a Standard Condition of Wetness

ASTM D7000-11 含沥青乳化表面处理样品的扫除测试的标准试验方法

This test method is useful for classifying rapid-setting bituminous emulsions and is applicable to surface treatments that require a quick return to traffic. It has the capability to predict surface treatment performance in the formative stage using construction components. This performance test is intended to evaluate the potential curing characteristics of a binder-aggregate combination to ensure that the surface treatment is sufficiently cured before allowing traffic onto the seal.1.1 This test method measures the curing performance characteristics of bituminous emulsion and aggregates by simulating the brooming of a surface treatment in the laboratory. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 A precision and bias statement for this standard has not been developed at this time. Therefore, this standard should not be used for acceptance or rejection of a material for purchasing purposes. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Sweep Test of Bituminous Emulsion Surface Treatment Samples

ASTM D3319-11 用英式轮加速抛光集料的标准操作规程

This practice simulates the polishing action of vehicular traffic on coarse aggregates used in bituminous pavements. A polish value is determined that may be used to rate or classify coarse aggregates for their ability to resist polishing under traffic.1.1 This practice covers a laboratory procedure by which an estimate may be made of the extent to which different coarse aggregates may polish.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Accelerated Polishing of Aggregates Using the British Wheel

ASTM C936/C936M-11 铺路用实心混凝土内嵌单元的标准规格

1.1 This specification covers the requirements for interlocking concrete pavers manufactured for the construction of paved surfaces. 1.2 When particular features are desired, such as weight classification, higher compressive strength, surface textures, finish, color, or other special features, such properties should be specified by the purchaser. Local sellers, however, should be consulted as to availability of units having the desired features. 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. ^REFERENCE: ASTM Standards: C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates C140 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units C150 Specification for Portland Cement C207 Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry Purposes C260 Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete C331 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Concrete Masonry Units C418 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete by Sandblasting C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete C979 Specification for Pigments for Integrally Colored Concrete C989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars C1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement C1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious Mixtures C1645 Test Method for Freeze-thaw and De-icing Salt Durability of Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units

Standard Specification for Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units

ASTM D7369-11 用间接拉伸测试法测定沥青混合料弹性模数的标准试验方法

Resilient modulus can be used in the evaluation of materials quality and as input for pavement design, evaluation and analysis. With this method, the effects of temperature and load on resilient modulus can also be investigated. Note 18212;The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with D3666 alone does not completely assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.1.1 This test method covers procedures for preparing and testing laboratory-fabricated or field-recovered cores of bituminous mixtures to determine resilient modulus values using a repeated-load indirect tension test. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are regarded as the standard. Values in parentheses are for informational use. 1.3 A precision and bias statement for this standard has not been developed at this time. Therefore, this standard should not be used for acceptance or rejection of a material for purchasing purposes. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining the Resilient Modulus of Bituminous Mixtures by Indirect Tension Test

ASTM D7226-11 用轮桨式粘度计测定乳化沥青粘度的标准试验方法

The viscosity of emulsified asphalts characterizes their flow properties and affects their utility at 50°C (122°F) or at other temperatures. An emulsified asphalt sprayability and workability is directly related to their viscosity for many applications types. The material must be thin enough to be sprayed yet thick enough such that it will not flow from the crown or grade of the road. For mixing grade emulsified asphalts the viscosity will affect its workability and resulting film thickness on the aggregate. This test method is useful to measure the apparent viscosity of emulsified asphalt at a temperature of 50°C (122°F) or another agreed-upon temperature. The preset temperature and rotational speed at 100 RPM allow for an automated and consistent determination of an emulsified asphalt viscosity within a short time.1.1 This test method uses a paddle rotational viscometer to measure the apparent viscosity of emulsified asphalt with viscosities between 30 and 1500 mPa·s (centipoises) at 50°C (122°F). It is applicable to all emulsified asphalt described in Specifications D977 and D2397. 1.2 The values given in SI units are to be considered the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining the Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalts Using a Rotational Paddle Viscometer

ASTM D1461-11 沥青铺砌混合料中水份或挥发性馏份含量的标准试验方法

This test method is used for determining either the amount of moisture or the amount of volatile petroleum distillates in bituminous paving mixtures.1.1 This test method covers the determination, by direct measurement, of moisture or volatile fractions of the bitumen in bituminous paving mixtures.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Moisture or Volatile Distillates in Bituminous Paving Mixtures

ASTM C1272-11a 重型车辆铺路砖的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers brick intended for use as a paving material in areas with a high volume of heavy vehicular traffic. The units are designed for use in such places as streets, commercial driveways, and aircraft taxiways. These units are not intended for applications covered by Specifications C410 or C902. 1.2 Units are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification (see Terminology C1232). 1.3 Brick may be shaped during manufacture by extruding, molding, or pressing. Brick may have spacing lugs, chamfered edges, or both. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

Standard Specification for Heavy Vehicular Paving Brick