93.080.20 (Road construction materials) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D4383-05 可磨去的凸起反射路面标志的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers a type of plowable, retroreflective, raised pavement marker for lane marking and delineation.1.2 Retroreflective markers are intended for nighttime visibility.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 10, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Specification for Plowable, Raised Retroreflective Pavement Markers

ASTM D6995-05 基于最大混合比重(Gmm)的VMA域测量的标准试验方法

Various users desire indication of compliance with VMA specifications for hot mix asphalt (HMA) during production. The standard practice for determining VMA requires that the bulk specific gravity of the aggregate components be determined. This is a very time consuming test, which is not suitable for routine QC procedures. When an aggregate source used in the mix has a highly variable bulk specific gravity and a reference average bulk specific gravity (Gsb) (for example, as established in the mix design) is used to calculate VMA during HMA production, erroneous values may occur. The test for maximum specific gravity of the mix (Gmm) is a routine QC test at HMA plants. The effective specific gravity of the aggregate components (Gse) can be easily calculated from this test. However the Gse does not take into account the amount of asphalt absorbed, which is required for accurate VMA determination. This method provides a means to correct the Gse to account for the average absorbed asphalt. This procedure should not be used if the percent water absorption of the total (combined) aggregates varies between four tests, randomly obtained over a 30 day period, by more than 0.4 %.1.1 This test method is intended to be used for a rapid field determination of voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) of hot mix asphalt (HMA). It provides equations for calculating the VMA based on the asphalt content of the mix and its maximum specific gravity (Gmm). It is intended that this should be used for the rapid "field" determination of VMA during Quality Control (QC) operations at HMA plants, particularly where the specific gravity of the aggregate is highly variable.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining Field VMA based on the Maximum Specific Gravity of the Mix (Gmm)

ASTM D6927-05 沥青混合料的马歇尔(Marshall)稳定性和流动性测定的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers measurement of resistance to plastic flow of 102 mm (4 in.) cylindrical specimens of bituminous paving mixture loaded in a direction perpendicular to the cylindrical axis by means of the Marshall apparatus. This test method is for use with dense graded bituminous mixtures prepared with asphalt cement (modified and unmodified), cutback asphalt, tar, and tar-rubber with maximum size aggregate up to 25 mm (1 in.) in size (passing 25 mm (1 in.) sieve).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Marshall Stability and Flow of Bituminous Mixtures

ASTM D6927-05e1 沥青混合料的马歇尔(Marshall)稳定性和流动性测定的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers measurement of resistance to plastic flow of 102 mm (4 in.) cylindrical specimens of bituminous paving mixture loaded in a direction perpendicular to the cylindrical axis by means of the Marshall apparatus. This test method is for use with dense graded bituminous mixtures prepared with asphalt cement (modified and unmodified), cutback asphalt, tar, and tar-rubber with maximum size aggregate up to 25 mm (1 in.) in size (passing 25 mm (1 in.) sieve).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Marshall Stability and Flow of Bituminous Mixtures

ASTM D5360-05 沥青路面治理的设计和施工的标准规程

This practice is to be used as a guide and not a specification.1.1 This practice covers the design and construction of bituminous surface treatments. It is a guide and should be used as such. End-use specifications should be adopted to conform to job and user requirements.1.2 The values given in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautions see Section .

Standard Practice for Design and Construction of Bituminous Surface Treatments

ASTM D4125-05 用核技术测定沥青混合料中沥青含量的标准试验方法

These test methods are useful as a rapid, nondestructive technique for determination of asphalt content of bituminous mixtures. These test methods are suitable for quality control and acceptance testing for construction and for research and development applications. The test method is used for determination of asphalt content only as it does not provide extracted aggregate for gradation analysis. The non-destructive nature of the test allows repetitive measurements to be made on a single test sample for statistical analysis of test data. These test methods determine the asphalt content of a test sample by comparing the measured asphalt content with previously established calibration data. 3.4.1 The asphalt content of a material expressed as a percentage, is the ratio of the mass of asphalt in a given mass of material to the total mass of the sample or to the mass of the solid material particles. 1.1 These test methods cover the procedures for determining the asphalt content of samples of uncompacted bituminous mixtures (Test Method A), and of laboratory compacted specimens of bituminous mixtures (Test Method B) by examining a test sample with an apparatus that utilizes neutron thermalization techniques.1.2 The values expressed in SI units are regarded as the standard. The inch-pounds equivalents may be approximate.1.3 A precision and bias statement for Method B in this standard has not been developed at this time. Therefore, Method B should not be used for acceptance or rejection of a material for purchasing purposes.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 6 and 8.4.2, 8.5.6, and Note 4, for specific hazards.

Standard Test Methods for Asphalt Content of Bituminous Mixtures by the Nuclear Method

ASTM D7063-05 压实沥青铺路混合料样品的有效孔隙率和有效气隙的标准试验方法

In this test method a compacted sample is vacuum sealed inside a plastic bag. The density of the sample, SG1, is calculated using a water displacement method, with the sample sealed. With the sample still in water, the bag is cut open. Since the sample is under vacuum and the air voids are evacuated, water will rush in to fill all the water accessible air voids in the compacted sample. With the saturated weight of sample known, an apparent maximum density, SG2, can be calculated. The difference between SG2 and SG1 is the measure of the amount of water that has penetrated the compacted sample. This difference can be used to determine the fraction of total number of voids that are accessible to water, Effective Percent Porosity or Percent Effective Air Voids. The results obtained from this method can be used to determine the percentage of total air voids in a compacted sample that can be filled with water through surface or interconnected paths within the sample. In general, Effective Percent Porosity should be less than total percent air voids. This method can be used for 100 mm and 150 mm diameter cylindrical samples and cubical samples.1.1 This test method covers the determination of effective porosity or effective air voids of compacted mixtures by the use of a vacuum sealing method.1.2 This method can be used for compacted field and laboratory bituminous paving samples, as well as other compacted samples with well defined geometrical shapes, such as concrete cylinders, cored rocks, and metal samples.1.3 The results of this test method can be used to determine the degree of interconnectivity of air voids within a sample and can be correlated to permeability of compacted bituminous paving mixture samples. 1.4 A multi-laboratory precision and bias statement for this standard has not been developed at this time. Therefore, this standard should not be used for acceptance or rejection of a material for purchasing purposes.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Effective Porosity and Effective Air Voids of Compacted Bituminous Paving Mixture Samples

ASTM E1710-05 使用便携式反射仪测量CEN规定几何形状的路面标志反射材料的标准试验方法

The quality of the stripe is determined by the coefficient of retroreflected luminance, RL, and depends on the materials used, age, and wear pattern. These conditions shall be observed and noted by the user. Under the same conditions of illumination and viewing, larger values of RL correspond to higher levels of visual performance. Retroreflectivity of pavement (road) markings degrade with traffic wear and require periodic measurement to ensure that sufficient line visibility is provided to drivers. For a given viewing distance, measurements of RL made with a retroreflectometer having a geometry corresponding to that viewing distance are a good indicator of the visual ranking of material measured. As specified by CEN, the measurement geometry of the instrument is based on a viewing distance of 30 m, a headlight mounting height of 0.65 m directly over the stripe, and an eye height of 1.2 m directly over the stripe. It shall be the responsibility of the user to employ an instrument having the specified observation and entrance angles.1.1 This test method covers measurement of the retroreflective properties of horizontal pavement marking materials containing retroreflecting beads, such as traffic stripes and surface symbols, using a portable retroreflectometer that can be placed on the road delineation to measure the retroreflection at a prescribed geometry.Note 1The restriction to bead based materials is for the purpose of ensuring a sufficiently gradual optical response function (from points of the source aperture to points of the receiver aperture) to allow generous sized instrument source and receiver apertures.1.2 The entrance and observation angles of the retroreflectometer affect the readings. As specified by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN), the entrance and observation angles shall be 88.76 and 1.05, respectively.1.3 This test method is intended to be used for field measurement of pavement markings but may be used to measure the performance of materials on sample panels before placing the marking material in the field. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Retroreflective Pavement Marking Materials with CEN-Prescribed Geometry Using a Portable Retroreflectometer

ASTM D6307-05(2010) 用点火方法对热混合沥青的沥青含量的标准试验方法

This test method can be used for quantitative determination of asphalt content in HMA paving mixtures and pavement samples for quality control, specification acceptance, and mixture evaluation studies. This test method does not require the use of solvents. Aggregate obtained by this test method may be used for gradation analysis according to Test Method D5444.1.1 This test method covers the determination of asphalt content of hot-mix asphalt (HMA) paving mixtures and pavement samples by removing the asphalt cement in an ignition furnace. The means of sample heating may be the convection method or direct irradiation method. Note 18212;Aggregate obtained by this test method may be used for sieve analysis. Particle size degradation may occur with some aggregates. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitation prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Asphalt Content of Hot-Mix Asphalt by Ignition Method

ASTM D6995-05(2013) 测定基于最大混合比重(Gmm)的VMA域的标准试验方法

4.1 Various users desire indication of compliance with VMA specifications for hot mix asphalt (HMA) during production. 4.2 The standard practice for determining VMA requires that the bulk specific gravity of the aggregate components be determined. This is a very time consuming test, which is not suitable for routine QC procedures. 4.3 When an aggregate source used in the mix has a highly variable bulk specific gravity and a reference average bulk specific gravity (Gsb) (for example, as established in the mix design) is used to calculate VMA during HMA production, erroneous values may occur. 4.4 The test for maximum specific gravity of the mix (Gmm) is a routine QC test at HMA plants. The effective specific gravity of the aggregate components (Gse) can be easily calculated from this test. However the Gse does not take into account the amount of asphalt absorbed, which is required for accurate VMA determination. This method provides a means to correct the Gse to account for the average absorbed asphalt. This procedure should not be used if the percent water absorption of the total (combined) aggregates varies between four tests, randomly obtained over a 30 day period, by more than 0.48201;%. 1.1 This test method is intended to be used for a rapid field determination of voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) of hot mix asphalt (HMA). It provides equations for calculating the VMA based on the asphalt content of the mix and its maximum specific gravity (Gmm). It is intended that this should be used for the rapid “field” determination of VMA during Quality Control (QC) operations at HMA plants, particularly where the specific gravity of the aggregate is highly variable. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining Field VMA based on the Maximum Specific Gravity of the Mix (Gmm)

ASTM C1272-05 供重型车辆通过的路面砖标准规范

1.1 This specification covers brick intended for use as a paving material in areas with a high volume of heavy vehicular traffic. The units are designed for use in such places as streets, commercial driveways, and aircraft taxiways. These units are not intended for applications covered by Specifications C 410 or C 902.1.2 Units are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification (see firing, fired bond, and incipient fusion in Terminology C 43).1.3 Brick may be shaped during manufacture by extruding, molding, or pressing. Brick may have spacing lugs, chamfered edges, or both. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

Standard Specification for Heavy Vehicular Paving Brick

ASTM D3666-05a 道路和铺面材料的试验及检验机构的最低要求的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers the minimum requirements for field and laboratory personnel, for establishing and maintaining a quality system, and establishes minimum qualifications for agencies engaged in the testing and inspection of road and paving materials.1.2 Criteria are provided for evaluating the capability of an agency to properly perform designated tests on road and paving materials, and for establishing guidelines pertaining to an agency''s organization, personnel, facilities, and quality system. This specification may be supplemented by more specific criteria, such as that in Specification E 329, and requirements for particular projects.1.3 This specification can be used as a basis to evaluate testing or inspection agencies, or both, and is intended for use for the qualifying or accrediting, or both, of testing or inspection agencies, public or private, engaged in the testing and inspection of road and paving materials.1.4 Accreditation is required to comply with this standard. (See 8.1.5.)1.5 The users of the accredited agency must review the agencies scope of accreditation to ensure the agency has been accredited for its technical competence to perform the tasks requested by the user.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials

ASTM D6372-05 微表面设计、试验和制造的标准规程

This micro-surfacing practice is written as a guide and should not be construed as a specification. End use specifications should be adapted to conform to job and user requirements.1.1 This practice covers the design, testing, and construction of mixtures of polymer modified asphalt emulsion, mineral aggregate, mineral filler, water, and other additives, properly proportioned, mixed and spread on a paved surface. It is written as a guide and should be used as such. End use specifications should be adapted to conform to job and user requirements.Note 1This practice references test methods outside the jurisdiction of ASTM that may or may not have a precision statement.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Design, Testing, and Construction of Micro-Surfacing

ASTM D7113-05 用电磁表面接触法现场测定沥青铺面混合物密度的标准试验方法

The test method described is useful as a rapid, nondestructive technique for determining the in-place density or relative compaction of compacted bituminous mixtures. The test method can be used to establish the proper rolling effort and pattern to achieve the required density. The non-destructive nature of the test allows repetitive measurements to be made at a single test location between roller passes or at multiple locations across the mat to monitor changes in density. The density results obtained by this test method are relative. Device calibration (correlation with other test methods) is required to convert the results obtained using this method to actual density. Section 6 of this test method describes a method that has proven to be acceptable for correlation. Note 18212;The personnel and equipment used in performing this test can be evaluated in accordance with Specification D 3666. Note 28212;Research and evaluation of devices used in this test method has been conducted. Reference is made to “Evaluation of Non-Nuclear Gauges to Measure Density of Hot-Mixed Asphalt Pavements,” a pooled fund study, Pedro Romero, Ph.D., P.E., July 2002.1.1 This test method covers the procedures for determining the in-place density and relative compaction of bituminous concrete pavement paving mixtures by an electromagnetic surface contact device by measuring changes in the electromagnetic field resulting from the compaction process.1.2 The equipment referenced in this method is a surface contact device, which must accommodate surface moisture and temperature variation in the range typically encountered in paving applications. This can be accomplished by design parameters that reduce the devices sensitivity to surface moisture and temperature variation or by measurements and algorithms to account for surface moisture and temperature variance in the rolling pattern.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices prior to use.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.

Standard Test Method for Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures in Place by the Electromagnetic Surface Contact Methods

ASTM D4592-05 服务寿命有限的预制反射路面标志带的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers white or yellow preformed retroreflective pavement marking tapes that are designed to provide a service life of typically 3 to 6 months, on roads with up to 15 000 average daily traffic count (ADT).1.2 The tapes are intended for use as longitudinal, transverse, or word/symbol pavement markings that provide delineation day and night. The tapes may be either removable or nonremovable.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.

Standard Specification for Preformed Retroreflective Pavement Marking Tape for Limited Service Life

ASTM C1272-04a 供重型车辆通过的路面砖标准规范

1.1 This specification covers brick intended for use as a paving material in areas with a high volume of heavy vehicular traffic. The units are designed for use in such places as streets, commercial driveways, and aircraft taxiways. These units are not intended for applications covered by Specifications C 410 or C 902.1.2 Units are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification (see firing, fired bond, and incipient fusion in Terminology C 43).1.3 Brick may be shaped during manufacture by extruding, molding, or pressing. Brick may have spacing lugs, chamfered edges, or both.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

Standard Specification for Heavy Vehicular Paving Brick

ASTM D6930-04 乳化沥青沉淀和储存稳定性的标准试验方法

This test method is useful for determining, in a comparatively short time, the storage stability or settlement of an emulsified asphalt. It is a measure of the permanence of the dispersion as related to time, but it is not to be construed to have significance as a measure of other stability aspects involved in use. 1.1 This test method covers the ability of an emulsified asphalt to remain as a uniform dispersion during storage. It is applicable to emulsified asphalts composed principally of a semisolid or liquid asphaltic base, water, and an emulsifying agent.1.2 This test method does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Settlement and Storage Stability of Emulsified Asphalts

ASTM D6307-04 用点火法测量热混沥青中沥青含量的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of asphalt content of hot-mix asphalt (HMA) paving mixtures and pavement samples by removing the asphalt cement at 540176C by ignition in a furnace. Note 1-Aggregate obtained by this test method may be used for sieve analysis. Particle size degradation may occur with some aggregates. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Asphalt Content of Hot-Mix Asphalt by Ignition Method

ASTM D6998-04 评价乳化沥青集料涂层的标准实施规程

The intent of this practice is to ensure that a given mixing grade emulsified asphalt is stable enough and otherwise possesses the ability to mix with a reference stone for the prescribed time, and coat it uniformly and thoroughly.1.1 This practice covers those emulsified asphalts intended for use by mixing with aggregate. It is not applicable to rapid-setting types or diluted materials used for tack coats, priming, or mulch treatments.1.2 This practice does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Evaluating Aggregate Coating using Emulsified Asphalts

ASTM D6926-04 用Marshall装置制备沥青样本的标准实施规程

Compacted bituminous mixture specimens molded by this procedure are used for various physical tests such as stability, flow, indirect tensile strength, fatigue, creep, and modulus. Density and voids analysis are also conducted on specimens for mixture design and evaluation of field compaction. Note 18212;Uncompacted mixtures are used for determination of theoretical maximum specific gravity.1.1 This practice covers preparation and compaction of 102 mm (4 in.) diameter by nominal 64 mm (2.5 in.) high cylindrical bituminous paving mixture specimens by means of the original manual Marshall method and subsequent variations of the method. This practice is intended for use with laboratory and plant produced bituminous mixtures with aggregate up to 25 mm (1 in.) maximum size and for recompaction of asphalt pavement samples.1.2 There are three types of Marshall compaction apparatus in use. The following types of hammer arrangements are included in this practice:1.2.1 Manually held hammer handle attached to a flat compaction foot through a spring loaded swivel and is hand operated (original standard developed by the Corps of Engineers).1.2.2 Hammer handle restrained laterally (fixed) but not vertically attached to a flat compaction foot through a spring loaded swivel and is either mechanically or hand operated. There may or may not be a constant surcharge on top of the hammer handle. Mechanical hammers are available that operate at (1) nominal 55 blows per minute and (2) equal to or greater than 75 blows per minute.1.2.3 Hammer handle restrained laterally (fixed) with constant surcharge on top of hammer, a slanted compaction foot, rotating mold base, and is mechanically operated.1.3 Although the mass and height of mass drop for each apparatus are the same, density achieved in compacted specimens with the same number of blows will be different. It is up to the user to establish the specific required number of blows to be used for compaction of the specimen in relation to the field.

Standard Practice for Preparation of Bituminous Specimens Using Marshall Apparatus