H21 金属物理性能试验方法 标准查询与下载

ASTM A348/A348M-05(2011) 使用功率表,电流表,电压表,100至10,000 Hz和25-cm爱泼斯坦方圈的材料交流磁性的标准试验方法

This test method evaluates the performance of flat-rolled magnetic materials over a wide frequency range of ac excitation with and without incremental dc bias, as used on transformers, motors, and other laminated core devices. This test method is suitable for design, specification acceptance, service evaluation, and research. The application of test results obtained with this test method to the design or evaluation of a particular magnetic device must recognize the influence of the magnetic circuitry upon its performance. Some specific items to consider are size, shape, holes, welding, staking, bolting, bracketing, shorting between laminations, ac waveform, adjacent magnetic fields, and stress. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the magnetic properties of flat-rolled magnetic materials using Epstein test specimens with double-lap joints in the 25-cm Epstein frame. It covers determination of core loss, rms and peak exciting current, exciting power, magnetic field strength, and permeability. This test method is commonly used to test grain-oriented and nonoriented electrical steels but may also be used to test nickel-iron, cobalt-iron, and other flat-rolled magnetic materials.1.2 This test method shall be used in conjunction with Practice A 34/A 34M and Test Method A 343/A 343M.1.3 Tests under this test method may be conducted with either normal ac magnetization or with ac magnetization and superimposed dc bias (incremental magnetization).1.4 In general, this test method has the following limitations:1.4.1 FrequencyThe range of this test method normally covers frequencies from 100 to 10 000 Hz. With proper equipment, the test method may be extended above 10 000 Hz. When tests are limited to the use of power sources having frequencies below 100 Hz, they shall use the procedures of Test Method A 343/A 343M. 1.4.2 Magnetic Flux Density(may also be referred to as Flux Density)-The range of magnetic flux density for this test method is governed by the test specimen properties and by the available instruments and other equipment components. Normally, for many materials, the magnetic flux density range is from 1 to 15 kG [0.1 to 1.5 T].1.4.3 Core Loss and Exciting PowerThese measurements are normally limited to test conditions that do not cause a test specimen temperature rise in excess of 50C or exceed 100 W/lb [220 W/kg].1.4.4 ExcitationEither rms or peak values of exciting current may be measured at any test point that does not exceed the equipment limitations provided that the impedance of the ammeter shunt is low and its insertion into the test circuit does not cause appreciably increased voltage waveform distortion at the test magnetic flux density.1.4.5 Incremental PropertiesMeasurement of incremental properties shall be limited to combinations of ac and dc excitations that do not cause secondary voltage waveform distortion, as determined by the form factor method, to exceed a shift of 10 % away from sine wave conditions.1.5 The values and equations stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within this standard, SI units are shown in brackets except for the sections concerning calculations where there are separate sections for the respective unit systems. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this standard.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Alternating Current Magnetic Properties of Materials Using the Wattmeter-Ammeter-Voltmeter Method, 100 to 10 000 Hz and 25-cm Epstein Frame

ASTM A348/A348M-05(2015) 使用瓦特计-安培计-伏特计法 (100至10000 Hz) 和25 cm艾普斯亭框测定材料交流磁性的标准试验方法

4.1 This test method evaluates the performance of flat-rolled magnetic materials over a wide frequency range of ac excitation with and without incremental dc bias, as used on transformers, motors, and other laminated core devices. 4.2 This test method is suitable for design, specification acceptance, service evaluation, and research. 4.3 The application of test results obtained with this test method to the design or evaluation of a particular magnetic device must recognize the influence of the magnetic circuitry upon its performance. Some specific items to consider are size, shape, holes, welding, staking, bolting, bracketing, shorting between laminations, ac waveform, adjacent magnetic fields, and stress. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the magnetic properties of flat-rolled magnetic materials using Epstein test specimens with double-lap joints in the 25-cm Epstein frame. It covers determination of core loss, rms and peak exciting current, exciting power, magnetic field strength, and permeability. This test method is commonly used to test grain-oriented and nonoriented electrical steels but may also be used to test nickel-iron, cobalt-iron, and other flat-rolled magnetic materials. 1.2 This test method shall be used in conjunction with Practice A34/A34M and Test Method A343/A343M. 1.3 Tests under this test method may be conducted with either normal ac magnetization or with ac magnetization and superimposed dc bias (incremental magnetization). 1.4 In general, this test method has the following limitations: 1.4.1 Frequency—The range of this test method normally covers frequencies from 100 to 108201;000 Hz. With proper equipment, the test method may be extended above 108201;000 Hz. When tests are limited to the use of power sources having frequencies below 100 Hz, they shall use the procedures of Test Method A343/A343M. 1.4.2 Magnetic Flux Density  (may also be referred to as Flux Density)—The range of magnetic flux density for this test method is governed by the test specimen properties and by the available instruments and other equipment components. Normally, for many materials, the magnetic flux density range is from 1 to 15 kG [0.1 to 1.5 T]. 1.4.3 Core Loss and Exciting Power—These measurements are normally limited to test conditions that do not cause a test specimen temperature rise in excess of 50°C or exceed 100 W/lb [220 W/kg]. 1.4.4 Excitation—Either rms or peak values of exciting current may be measured at any test point that does not ......

Standard Test Method for Alternating Current Magnetic Properties of Materials Using the Wattmeter-Ammeter-Voltmeter Method, 100 to 10&x2009;000 Hz and 25-cm Epstein Frame

KS B ISO 10113:2004 金属材料薄板和薄带塑性应变比的测定

이 규격은 금속 재료의 평판 제품에 대한 소성 변형비를 결정하는 방법을 규정한다.

Metallic materials-Sheet and strip-Determination of plastic strain ratio

KS D 8524-2004 金属镀层.延展性的测量方法述评

이 규격은 전기 도금이나 무전해 도금 혹은 이외의 다른 방법에 의해 두께가 대략 200

Metallic coatings-Review of methods of measurement of ductility

YS/T 469-2004 氧化铝、氢氧化铝白度测定方法

本标准规定了氧化铝、氢氧化铝及其化学制品在标准照明体 Dis 照明、漫射/垂直(

Determination of whiteness of alumina and aluminum hydroxide

ASTM A804/A804M-04(2015) 使用薄片型试样测定电源频率下材料交流磁特性的标准试验方法

4.1 Materials Evaluation—These test methods were developed to supplement the testing of Epstein specimens for applications involving the use of flat, sheared laminations where the testing of Epstein specimens in either the as-sheared or stress-relief-annealed condition fails to provide the most satisfactory method of predicting magnetic performance in the application. As a principal example, the test methods have been found particularly applicable to the control and evaluation of the magnetic properties of thermally flattened, grain-oriented electrical steel (Condition F5, Specification A876) used as lamination stock for cores of power transformers. Inasmuch as the test methods can only be reliably used to determine unidirectional magnetic properties, the test methods have limited applicability to the testing of fully processed nonoriented electrical steels as normally practiced (Specification A677). 4.2 Specification Acceptance—The reproducibility of test results and the accuracy relative to the 25-cm [250-mm] Epstein method of test are considered such as to render the test methods suitable for materials specification testing. 4.3 Interpretation of Test Results—Because of specimen size, considerable variation in magnetic properties may be present within a single specimen or between specimens that may be combined for testing purposes. Also, variations may exist in test values that are combined to represent a test lot of material. Test results reported will therefore, in general, represent averages of magnetic quality and in certain applications, particularly those involving narrow widths of laminations, deviations in magnetic performance from those expected from reported data may occur at times. Additionally, application of test data to the design or evaluation of a particular magnetic device must recognize the influence of magnetic circuitry upon performance and the possible deterioration in magnetic properties arising from construction of the device. 4.4 Recommended Standard Tests—These test methods have been principally applied to the magnetic testing of thermally flattened, grain-oriented electrical steels at 50 and 60 Hz. Specific core loss at 15 or 17 kG [1.5 or 1.7 T] and peak permeability (if required) at 10 Oe [796 A/m] are the recommended parameters for evaluating this class of material. 1.1 These test methods cover the determination of specific core loss and peak permeability of single layers of sheet-type specimens tested with normal excitation at a frequency of 50 or 60 Hz. Note 1: These test methods have been applied only at the commercial power frequencies, 50 and 60 Hz, but with proper instrumentation and application of the principles of testing and calibration embodied in the test methods, they are believed to be adaptable to testing at frequencies ranging from 25 to 400 Hz. 1.2 These test methods use calibration procedures that provide correlation with the 25-cm [250-mm] Epstein test.

Standard Test Methods for Alternating-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using Sheet-Type Test Specimens

ASTM A804/A804M-04(2009)e1 在电力频率下用薄钢板型试样对材料交流磁特性的标准试验方法

Materials Evaluation8212;These test methods were developed to supplement the testing of Epstein specimens for applications involving the use of flat, sheared laminations where the testing of Epstein specimens in either the as-sheared or stress-relief-annealed condition fails to provide the most satisfactory method of predicting magnetic performance in the application. As a principal example, the test methods have been found particularly applicable to the control and evaluation of the magnetic properties of thermally flattened, grain-oriented electrical steel (Condition F5, Specification A876) used as lamination stock for cores of power transformers. Inasmuch as the test methods can only be reliably used to determine unidirectional magnetic properties, the test methods have limited applicability to the testing of fully processed nonoriented electrical steels as normally practiced (Specification A677). Specification Acceptance8212;The reproducibility of test results and the accuracy relative to the 25-cm [250-mm] Epstein method of test are considered such as to render the test methods suitable for materials specification testing. Interpretation of Test Results8212;Because of specimen size, considerable variation in magnetic properties may be present within a single specimen or between specimens that may be combined for testing purposes. Also, variations may exist in test values that are combined to represent a test lot of material. Test results reported will therefore, in general, represent averages of magnetic quality and in certain applications, particularly those involving narrow widths of laminations, deviations in magnetic performance from those expected from reported data may occur at times. Additionally, application of test data to the design or evaluation of a particular magnetic device must recognize the influence of magnetic circuitry upon performance and the possible deterioration in magnetic properties arising from construction of the device. Recommended Standard Tests8212;These test methods have been principally applied to the magnetic testing of thermally flattened, grain-oriented electrical steels at 50 and 60 Hz. Specific core loss at 15 or 17 kG [1.5 or 1.7 T] and peak permeability (if required) at 10 Oe [796 A/m] are the recommended parameters for evaluating this class of material. 1.1 These test methods cover the determination of specific core loss and peak permeability of single layers of sheet-type specimens tested with normal excitation at a frequency of 50 or 60 Hz. Note 18212;These test methods have been applied only at the commercial power frequencies, 50 and 60 Hz, but with proper instrumentation and application of the principles of testing and calibration embodied in the test methods, they are believed to be adaptable to testing at frequencies ranging from 25 to 400 Hz. 1.2 These test methods use calibration procedures that provide correlation with the 25-cm [250-mm] Epstein test. 1.3 The range of test magnetic flux densities is governed by the properties of the test specimen and by the available instruments and other equipment components. Normally, nonoriented electrical steels can be tested over a range from 8 to 16 kG [0.8 to 1.6 T] for core loss. For oriented electrical steels, the normal range extends to 18 kG [1.8 T]. Maximum magnetic flux densities in peak permeability testing are limited principally by heating......

Standard Test Methods for Alternating-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using Sheet-Type Test Specimens

ASTM A927/A927M-04 使用伏特计-电流计-瓦特计方法测试环形铁芯试样交流磁性能的标准试验方法

This test method is a derivative of Test Method A 697/A 697M specifically designed for testing of toroidal cores which are not covered in Test Method A 697/A 697M and for testing at magnetic flux densities above the knee of the magnetization curve. Specimen size typically ranges from 1 to 1.25 in. [25.4 to 31.8 mm] in inside diameter to 1.5 in. [38.1 mm] in outside diameter with weights ranging from 30 to 60 g. Provided the test equipment is suitably chosen, there is no obvious limit to the overall size of core that can be tested. If basic material properties are desired, then the requirements of 5.1 must be observed. The reproducibility and repeatability of this test method are such that this test method is suitable for design, specification acceptance, service evaluation, and research and development. When testing under sinusoidal flux conditions at magnetic flux densities approaching saturation, highly peaked magnetizing waveforms will be present, and the test instruments used must have crest factor capabilities of at least 3; otherwise erroneous results will be obtained. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of several ac magnetic properties of either laminated ring or toroidal tape wound cores made from flat rolled product.1.2 This test method covers test equipment and procedures for determination of specific core loss, specific exciting power, and peak permeability for power and audio frequencies (50 to 20 000 Hz) under sinusoidal flux conditions.1.3 This test method, because of the use of a feedback-controlled power amplifier, is well suited for determination of ac magnetic properties at magnetic flux densities above the knee of the magnetization curve and is particularly useful for testing of high-saturation iron-cobalt alloys (for example, alloys listed in Specification A 801), although use of this test method is not restricted to a particular type of material.1.4 This test method shall be used in conjunction with Practice A 34/A 34M and Terminology A 340.1.5 The values and equations stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within this standard, SI units are shown in brackets except for the sections concerning calculations where there are separate sections for the respective unit systems. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Alternating-Current Magnetic Properties of Toroidal Core Specimens Using the Voltmeter-Ammeter-Wattmeter Method

KS D 8540-2003 金属表面自动催化镍.硼镀金试验法

이 규격은 금속 소지에 적용하는 무전해 니켈-붕소 합금 도금(1)의 요구 사항 및 시험

Autocatalytic nickel-boron coatings on metals

YS/T 455.4-2003 铝箔试验方法.第4部分:铝箔的刷水试验方法

Test method for aluminium foil Part 4:Test method for stickiness

YS/T 455.6-2003 铝箔试验方法.第6部分:铝箔其他相关试验方法

本部分规定了鋁箔其他相關试验方法。 本方法适用于鋁及鋁合金箔的化學成分取樣及分析、力學性能取樣及试验、鋁箔厚度的测定、親水 涂層檢測以及鋁箔的破裂強度、水蒸汽滲透率WVT)等相關试验方法。

Test method for aluminium foil Part 6:Test method for other property

YS/T 455.5-2003 铝箔试验方法.第5部分:铝箔的直流电阻试验方法

Test method for aluminium foil Part 5:Test method for direct-current resistance

YS/T 455.1-2003 铝箔试验方法.第1部分:铝箔表面润湿张力试验方法

Test method for aluminium foil Part 1:Test method for surface tension

YS/T 455.3-2003 铝箔试验方法.第3部分:铝箔粘附性试验方法

Test method for aluminium foil Part 3:test method for wettability

YS/T 455.2-2003 铝箔试验方法.第2部分:铝箔的针孔检测方法

Test method for aluminium foil Part 2:Test method for porosity

YS/T 466-2003 铜板带箔材耐热性能试验方法.硬度法

Test method for thermal softening resistance of copper plate,strip and foil-Hardness-testing method

ARMY MIL-PRF-32046-2003 野地放牧辐射供暖机组

This specification covers a ration unit used for heating unitized group rations.

RATION HEATING UNIT, FIELD FEEDING

KS C IEC 60468:2003 金属材料电阻率测量方法

이 규격은 금속 재료 중 고체 전도성 재료(균일 단면적에 대한)의 단위 길이당 저항 및

Method of measurement of resistivity of metallic materials

JIS G 0580:2003 不锈钢用电化学势动再活化比率测量方法

この規格は，オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼のチオシアン酸力リウムを含む硫酸溶液中における往復アノード分極曲線から，電気化学的再活性化率[以下，再活性化率（R）という。]を測定する方法について規定する。

Method of electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation ratio measurement for stainless steels

ASTM B887-03 硬质合金矫顽磁性测定的标准试验方法

Measurement of coercivity provides a relative comparison of carbide grain size, binder content, and possibly carbon deficiency for a given graded carbide material or product, and may be employed as a non-destructive measurement indicating deviation from a specified norm. This test method allows the non-destructive estimate of average carbide grain size in sintered cemented carbide hardmetals. It is appropriate for a wide range of compositions and tungsten carbide (WC) WC grain sizes, and can be used for acceptance of material or product to specification.1.1 This test method covers the determination of magnetization coercivity (Hcs) of cemented carbide materials and products using coercive force instrumentation. It is patterned after ISO 3326.1.2 The values in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Coercivity (Hcs) of Cemented Carbides