2010全国质谱大会大会报告（四）
台湾Soochow大学化学系 Ming-Ren Fuh(傅明仁)教授
来自台湾Soochow大学化学系的Ming-Ren Fuh(傅明仁)教授，做了题为“Microfluidic chip-based nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for bioanalysis”（基于微流芯片的纳升液相色谱-串联质谱用于生物分析）的报告。在报告中，傅教授先介绍了基于微流控芯片的商品化产品，这些纳升级液相系统已经显著提高了纳升级液相分析的稳定性。基于芯片的纳升级液相-串联质谱已被证明可提高液相分离的分辨率，并增强质谱检测的灵敏度。傅教授介绍了课题组应用基于芯片的纳升级液相-串联质谱分析用于药物代谢物、生物标志物和临床诊断的生物体液的神经递质的结果，给出了包括重现性、检出限、线性和精密度等分析性能；还讨论了分析人尿的基质效应和离子抑制效应，展示了基于芯片的微流控纳升级液相-串联质谱在临床诊断中的应用能力。以下是英文摘要：
Recent commercially available microfluidic chip-based nano-liquid chromatography system has greatly improved the robustness of nano-LC analysis. Chip-based nano-LC-tandem mass spectrometry(nano-LC-tandem MS) has been proven to enhance the resolution of LC separation and the sensitivity of MS detection. In this paper, we will discuss the utilization of chip-based nano-LC-tandem MS for the analyses of drug metabolite (7-aminoflunitrazepam),biomarker(8-isoprostane) and neurotransmitters in biological fluids for clinical diagnosis. The analytical performance (reproducibility, detection limit, linearity and precision) for various analytical compounds will be presented. In addition, matrix effect and ion suppression effect of human urine will be discussed. The applicability of microfluidic chip-based nano-LC-tandem MS for clinical diagnosis will be demonstrated.
中国科学院北京基因组研究所 刘斯奇研究员
来自中国科学院北京基因组研究所的刘斯奇研究员做了题为“Protein biomarker in clinical assay using mass spectrometry: Possibility and difficulities（质谱在研究蛋白质生物标记物临床鉴定中的应用：可能性和难点）”刘老师总结了近段时间阅读的文献，与大家分享。蛋白质组带有基因组和代谢组所不具有的特性，如表达的动态性和空间性、后反应修饰等。
研究蛋白质生物标记物的优点在于，样品收集相对简单，来自于体液；大多数蛋白生物标记物均是翻译后修饰；蛋白直接与病理性功能相关。因此，对蛋白质组的研究是热点。研究成果有ELISA、蛋白活性和蛋白芯片等。其中，刘老师重点讲了ELISA。
目前研究的方法可以鉴定1000多种蛋白质，但被FDA批准的鉴定方法中没有一个是用蛋白质组学的方法。因此，在发现新的蛋白待测物方面，蛋白质组学的发展并没有为生物标记物的发现做出贡献。刘老师指出，在临床化学中，亟需一种蛋白诊断的方法。从定性到定量、从发现到目标化将成为今后蛋白质组学的两大研究趋势。
台湾国立清华大学生物工程和环境科学系 Yuh-chang Sun(孙毓章)教授
来自台湾国立清华大学生物工程和环境科学系的Yuh-chang Sun(孙毓章)教授，做了题为“Development of photocatalyst-based ICP-MS coupling techniques for determination of trace elements and their species”（研发基于光催化的ICP-MS联用技术，测定痕量元素及其形态）的报告。课题组研究了对超痕量（亚ug/L）金属元素及其形态分析的方法，使用前处理手段、色谱分离和ICP-MS联用，可克服生物或环境分析中的背景基质干扰并提高灵敏度。他们开发了几种联用系统，使用了光氧化还原纳米二氧化钛的接口装置，把包含无机和有机金属的各种形态均转化为利于ICP-MS分析的气相产物，证明该方法对于分析环境和生物背景下的痕量元素及其形态是有效的。以下是英文摘要：
It is well known that the speciation, or chemical form, of metal governs its fate, toxicity, mobility, and bioavailability in environmental and biological systems. To assess these chemical properties and to accurately gauge their impact on human health and the environment, metal need to be characterized at the atomic level. To attain new information about environmental and biological effects of trace elements, new methodologies or modify conventional analytical methods is deemed as vital factor for the progress of bio -and environmental -studies. In view of the limitation on the analytical capability of single instrumental technique, analytical chemists can seldom rely on a single instrumental technique to analyzed a sample with complicated matrix and analyte species with a variety of phsico-chemical form. It is thus necessary to develop a technique which can fulfill ultratrace analyses of metal species down to the sub-μg/L concentration range in complicated samples.
Accordingly, the most important features of an analytical tool suitable for meeting the requirement of modern bio-analytical works are shorter temporal resolution, good selectivity and high sensitivity. For ultratrace elements measurements, ICP coupled with Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) has been considered as first priority option. Although the analytical sensitivity has been significantly improved by the technical advances in ICP-MS, instrumental limitations, such as difficulties in differentiating elemental species and removing matrix interferences caused by the concomitant salt, still remain in advanced analytical technologies. To satisfy the analytical requirements, the potency of hyphenating analytical separation techniques to mass spectrometers has been recognized. Basically, according to Histchfeld, the advantages brought about by coupling techniques are increasing the differentiating and separating power of analytical methods and synergism between methods. However,the design of the analytical system is difficult, owing to the complex composition of the real-world sample, the diversity of physicochemical forms of the element, their lability and low concentrations. For overcoming the abovementioned problems, attempts to couple ICP-MS with various types of chromatography for separation, as well as on-line sample pretreatment techniques for signal enhancement and matrix removal have been made. To expand the analytical capability, in this study, we developed several hyphenated systems by integrating the alternative photo-redox characteristic of nano-TiO2 into the interfacing device to convert both inorganic and organic metal-containing species to gaseous products that are favor for ICP-MS determination. Based on our experimental results, this presentation will describe the studied hyphenated methods which have been proven feasible for the analyses of trace elements and their chemical species in environmental and biological systems.
