Recommendations for small renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification - Part 12-1: Selection of self-ballasted (CFL) lamps for rural electrification systems and recommendations for household lighting equipment
Decentralized Rural Electrification Systems (DRES) are designed to supply electric power to sites which are not connected to a large interconnected system, or a national grid.
As described in the IEC 62257-1, these systems include:
• an electrical power production subsystem;
• a secondary grid for sharing/distributing this power, when the system is a collective electrification system (microgrid);
• a subsystem for utilizing this electrical power as a demand subsystem including the in-house wiring and user's electrical appliances.
In many situations, lighting is the most expected application of the rural electrification process and the first application that the users may afford.
For a given lighting performance, the electrical characteristics of the lamps may vary, particularly the power factor and the harmonic content.
On large grids, the impact of these characteristics is generally not a major issue. In the context of the electrification systems considered in the IEC 62257 series, the main applications are lighting and TV. In these small systems, the power factor and the harmonic content of the supplied appliances have a high impact on the design and the sizing of the production and distribution subsystems as well as on the quality of the service provided.
Project implementers cannot afford an over-sizing of any part of the system. For this reason, they have to make sure that the selected appliances have characteristics which do not adversely affect the cost of the equipment necessary to provide the quality of service required by the General Specification of the project.
Some relevant products are available on the market (high power factor and low harmonic content).The purpose of this technical specification is to help project implementers to discriminate, in a potential sourcing panel, the models of lamps which could have the lowest impact on the whole system (generation and distribution subsystems).
This specification deals with integral compact fluorescent technology lamps:
• power less than 60 W;
• with an Edison screw E27 or bayonet B22 cap;
• with nominal voltage from 100 V to 250 V a.c.
IEC 60969 specifies the performance requirements together with the test methods and conditions required to show compliance of tubular fluorescent and other gas-discharge lamps with integrated means for controlling starting and stable operation (self-ballasted lamps) intended for domestic and similar general lighting purpose. This specification must be considered as the reference for the manufacturers.
This technical specification proposes comparative tests that could be particularly useful for project implementers to test in laboratories of developing countries the capability of products to be used for their project. The tests can be performed locally, as close as possible of the real site operating conditions. This technical specification does not cover other lamp technologies (e.g. d.c. lamps, leds, etc ) however similar principles can be used for such comparative testing.
Additionally some recommendations are suggested in Annex A in order to enhance the performances or effectiveness of the lighting sources using a luminaire.
This specification is not a type approval standard. It is a technical specification to be used as guidelines and does not replace any existing IEC standard on lamps.