75.040 原油 标准查询与下载

ASTM D7691-16 用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法 (ICP-AES) 对原油进行多元素分析的标准试验方法

5.1 Most often determined trace elements in crude oils are nickel and vanadium, which are usually the most abundant; however, as many as 45 elements in crude oils have been reported. Knowledge of trace elements in crude oil is important because they can have an adverse effect on petroleum refining and product quality. These effects can include catalyst poisoning in the refinery and excessive atmospheric emission in combustion of fuels. Trace element concentrations are also useful in correlating production from different wells and horizons in a field. Elements such as iron, arsenic, and lead are catalyst poisons. Vanadium compounds can cause refractory damage in furnaces, and sodium compounds have been found to cause superficial fusion on fire brick. Some organometallic compounds are volatile which can lead to the contamination of distillate fractions, and a reduction in their stability or malfunctions of equipment when they are combusted. 5.2 The value of crude oil can be determined, in part, by the concentrations of nickel, vanadium, and iron. 5.3 Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) is a widely used technique in the oil industry. Its advantages over traditional atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) include greater sensitivity, freedom from molecular interferences, wide dynamic range, and multi-element capability. See Practice D7260. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of several elements (including iron, nickel, sulfur, and vanadium) occurring in crude oils. 1.2 For analysis of any element using wavelengths below 1908201;nm, a vacuum or inert gas optical path is required. 1.3 Analysis for elements such as arsenic, selenium, or sulfur in whole crude oil may be difficult by this test method due to the presence of their volatile compounds of these elements in crude oil; but this test method should work for resid samples. 1.4 Because of the particulates present in crude oil samples, if they do not dissolve in the organic solvents used or if they do not get aspirated in the nebulizer, low elemental values may result, particularly for iron and sodium. This can also occur if the elements are associated with water which can drop out of the solution when diluted with solvent. 1.4.1 An alternative in such cases is using Test Method D5708, Procedure B, which involves wet decomposition of the oil sample and measurement by ICP-AES for nickel, vanadium, and iron, or Test Method D5863, Procedure A, which also uses wet acid decomposition and determines vanadium, nickel, iron, and sodium using atomic absorption spectrometry. 1.4.2 From ASTM Interlaboratory Crosscheck Programs (ILCP) on crude oils data available so far, it is not clear that organic solvent dilution techniques would necessarily give lower results than those obtained using acid decomposition techniques.2

Standard Test Method for Multielement Analysis of Crude Oils Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)

ASTM D4929-15a 测定原油中有机氯含量的标准试验方法

Standard Test Methods for Determination of Organic Chloride Content in Crude Oil

JIS K 2275-4:2015 原油和石油产品. 水含量的测定. 第4部分: 氢化物反应法

Crude petroleum and petroleum products -- Determination of water -- Part 4: Hydride reaction method

ASTM D4807-05(2015) 膜过滤沉淀原油的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of sediment in crude oils by membrane filtration. This test method has been validated for crude oils with sediments up to approximately 0.15 mass %. 1.2 The accepted unit of measure for this test method is mass %, but an equation to convert to volume % is provided (see Note 6). 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 6.1 and Annex A1.

Standard Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oil by Membrane Filtration

GOST 33703-2015 油. 采用电测法测定盐分

Oil. Determination of salts electrometric method

GOST 33342-2015 原油. 有机氯的测定方法

Crude oil. Methods for determination of organic chloride

ASTM D5708-15 使用感应耦合等离子体 (ICP) 原子发射光谱法测定原油和残留燃油中的镍, 钒和铁的标准试验方法

4.1 These test methods cover, in single procedures, the determination of Ni, V, and Fe in crude oils and residual oils. These test methods complement Test Method D1548, which covers only the determination of vanadium. 4.2 When fuels are combusted, vanadium present in the fuel can form corrosive compounds. The value of crude oils can be determined, in part, by the concentrations of nickel, vanadium, and iron. Nickel and vanadium, present at trace levels in petroleum fractions, can deactivate catalysts during processing. These test methods provide a means of determining the concentrations of nickel, vanadium, and iron. 1.1 These test methods cover the determination of nickel, vanadium, and iron in crude oils and residual fuels by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) atomic emission spectrometry. Two different test methods are presented. 1.2 Test Method A (Sections 7 – 11 and 18 – 22)—ICP is used to analyze a sample dissolved in an organic solvent. This test method uses oil-soluble metals for calibration and does not purport to quantitatively determine or detect insoluble particulates. 1.3 Test Method B (Sections 12 – 22)—ICP is used to analyze a sample that is decomposed with acid. 1.4 The concentration ranges covered by these test methods are determined by the sensitivity of the instruments, the amount of sample taken for analysis, and the dilution volume. A specific statement is given in 15.2. Typically, the low concentration limits are a few tenths of a milligram per kilogram. Precision data are provided for the concentration ranges specified in Section 21. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. . 1.5.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibi......

Standard Test Methods for Determination of Nickel, Vanadium, and Iron in Crude Oils and Residual Fuels by Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) Atomic Emission Spectrometry

GOST 33361-2015 原油. 使用膨胀法测定蒸汽压力

Crude oil. Determination of vapor pressure by expansion method

ASTM D6377-15 原油蒸气压力测定的标准试验方法: VPCRx; (膨胀法)

5.1 Vapor pressure of crude oil at various V/Ls is an important physical property for shipping and storage. Note 2: A vapor-liquid ratio of 0.02:1 (X = 0.02) mimics closely the situation of an oil tanker. 5.2 Vapor pressure of crude oil is important to crude oil producers and refiners for general handling and initial refinery treatment. 5.3 The vapor pressure determined by this test method at a vapor-liquid ratio of 4:1 (VPCR4) of crude oil at 37.88201;°C can be related to the vapor pressure value determined on the same material when tested by Test Method D323 (see Appendix X1). 5.4 Air saturation of crude oil shall not be done to avoid potential vapor loss. However air saturation of the chilled verification fluid is mandatory (see 7.2 and Section 11). 5.5 This test method can also be applied in online applications. 1.1 This test method covers the use of automated vapor pressure instruments to determine the vapor pressure exerted in vacuum of crude oils. This test method is suitable for testing samples that exert a vapor pressure between 258201;kPa and 1808201;kPa at 37.88201;°C at vapor-liquid ratios from 4:1 to 0.02:1 (X = 4 to 0.02). Note 1: This test method is suitable for the determination of the vapor pressure of crude oils at temperatures from 08201;°C to 1008201;°C and pressures up to 500 kPa, but the precision and bias statements (see Section 14) may not be applicable. 1.2 This test method allows the determination of vapor pressure for crude oil samples having pour points above 08201;°C. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.2.1 – 7.3.2.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Vapor Pressure of Crude Oil: VPCRx&x2009;(Expansion Method)

ASTM D2892-15 石油原油蒸馏的标准试验方法 (15块理论塔板蒸馏塔)

5.1 This test method is one of a number of tests conducted on a crude oil to determine its value. It provides an estimate of the yields of fractions of various boiling ranges and is therefore valuable in technical discussions of a commercial nature. 5.2 This test method corresponds to the standard laboratory distillation efficiency referred to as 15/5. The fractions produced can be analyzed as produced or combined to produce samples for analytical studies, engineering, and product quality evaluations. The preparation and evaluation of such blends is not part of this test method. 5.3 This test method can be used as an analytical tool for examination of other petroleum mixtures with the exception of LPG, very light naphthas, and mixtures with initial boiling points above 4008201;°C. 1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the distillation of stabilized crude petroleum (see Note 1) to a final cut temperature of 4008201;°C Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature (AET). This test method employs a fractionating column having an efficiency of 14 to 18 theoretical plates operated at a reflux ratio of 5:1. Performance criteria for the necessary equipment is specified. Some typical examples of acceptable apparatus are presented in schematic form. This test method offers a compromise between efficiency and time in order to facilitate the comparison of distillation data between laboratories. Note 1: Defined as having a Reid vapor pressure less than 82.78201;kPa (12 psi). 1.2 This test method details procedures for the production of a liquefied gas, distillate fractions, and residuum of standardized quality on which analytical data can be obtained, and the determination of yields of the above fractions by both mass and volume. From the preceding information, a graph of temperature versus mass % distilled can be produced. This distillation curve corresponds to a laboratory technique, which is defined at 15/5 (15 theoretical plate column, 5:1 reflux ratio) or TBP (true boiling point). 1.3 This test method can also be applied to any petroleum mixture except liquefied petroleum gases, very light naphthas, and fractions having initial boiling points above 4008201;°C. 1.4 This test method contains the following annexes and appendixes: 1.4.1 Annex A1—Test Method for the Determination of the Efficiency of a Distillation Column, 1.4.2 Annex A2—Test Method for the Determination of the Dynamic Holdup of a Distillation Column, 1.4.3 Annex A3—Test Method for the Determination of the Heat Loss in a Distill......

Standard Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate Column)

SY/T 6520-2014 原油脱水试验方法压力备法

本标准规定了采用压力釜进行原油脱水的试验方法。 本标准适用于含水原油，脱水后原油的水含量(质量分数)通常可脱至0.5%以下。

Test method for dehydration of crude oil by autoclave

SY/T 7547-2014 原油屈服值的测定 旋转粘度计法

本标准规定了使用以剪切速率为控制变量的同轴圆筒旋转黏度计测定原油屈服值的方法。 本标准适用于测定蜡含量(质量分数)大于5%、水含量(质量分数)小于0.5%的原油，也适用于测定经热处理或加剂处理的原油。

Determination of crude oil yield value by rotational viscometer

ASTM D6377-14 原油蒸气压力测定的标准试验方法: VPCRx (膨胀法)

5.1 Vapor pressure of crude oil at various V/Ls is an important physical property for shipping and storage. Note 2: A vapor-liquid ratio of 0.02:1 (X = 0.02) mimics closely the situation of an oil tanker. 5.2 Vapor pressure of crude oil is important to crude oil producers and refiners for general handling and initial refinery treatment. 5.3 The vapor pressure determined by this test method at a vapor-liquid ratio of 4:1 (VPCR4) of crude oil at 37.88201;°C can be related to the vapor pressure value determined on the same material when tested by Test Method D323 (see Appendix X1). 5.4 Chilling and air saturation of the sample prior to the vapor pressure measurement is not required. 5.5 This test method can be applied in online applications in which an air saturation procedure prior to the measurement cannot be performed. 1.1 This test method covers the use of automated vapor pressure instruments to determine the vapor pressure exerted in vacuum of crude oils. This test method is suitable for testing samples that exert a vapor pressure between 258201;kPa and 1808201;kPa at 37.88201;°C at vapor-liquid ratios from 4:1 to 0.02:1 (X = 4 to 0.02). Note 1: This test method is suitable for the determination of the vapor pressure of crude oils at temperatures from 08201;°C to 1008201;°C and pressures up to 500 kPa, but the precision and bias statements (see Section 14) may not be applicable. 1.2 This test method allows the determination of vapor pressure for crude oil samples having pour points above 08201;°C. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.2.1 – 7.3.2.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Vapor Pressure of Crude Oil: VPCRx&8201;&40;Expansion Method&41;

GOST 32918-2014 石油. 硫化氢, 甲基和乙基硫醇的测定方法

Petroleum. Method for determination of hydrogen sulfide, methyl- and ethylmercaptans

KS M ISO 9114-2013 原油 氢化物反应测定水分含量 现场法

Crude petroleum－Determination of water content by hydride reaction－Field method

KS M ISO 9114:2013 原油 通过氢化物反应进行水含量的测定 现场法

Crude petroleum－Determination of water content by hydride reaction－Field method

ASTM D7829-13e1 原油中沉积物和水分测定标准指南

1.1 This guide covers a summary of the water and sediment determination methods from the API MPMS Chapter 10 for crude oils. The purpose of this guide is to provide a quick reference to these methodologies such that the reader can make the appropriate decision regarding which method to use based on the associated benefits, uses, drawbacks and limitations. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Sediment and Water Determination in Crude Oil

SY/T 7550-2012 原油中蜡、胶质、沥青质含量的测定

1.1 本标准规定了原油中蜡、胶质及沥青质含量的测定方法。1.2 本标准适用于水含量(质量分数或体积分数)不大于0.5%的原油,对于水含量大于0.5%的原油应进行脱水处理。1.3 沥青质含量(质量分数)的测量范围为0.5%~30.0%,超出此范围仍然可以使用本标准,但不能保证满足本标准中精密度要求。

Determination of wax, resins and asphaltenes in crude oil

ASTM D6822-12a 原油和液体石油产品的密度 相对密度和API重力的标准测试方法

Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Thermohydrometer Method

DB34/T 1638-2012 液化石油气中二甲醚的测定

本标准规定了液化石油气中二甲醚的测定方法。 本标准适用于液化石油气中二甲醚含量的测定。 本方法的检出限为0.5％。

Determination of Dimethyl Ether in Liquefied Petroleum Gas