热学计量标准-分析测试百科网

JJG 186-1997 动圈式温度指示/指示位式调节仪表检定规程

Verification Regulation of Moving-Coil Indicators and Step-indication Controllers Associated for Measuring Temperature

ICS
CCS: A54
发布: 1997
实施: 1998-05-01

MH/T 0015-1996 民用航空航行专业中、高级技术资格评审条件

Reguirements for Evaluating the Qualifications of Engineer and Senior Engineer in ATS and Aircraft Operations of Civil Aviation

ICS
CCS: A54
发布: 1996-04-09
实施: 1996-04-09

JJG 223-1996 海洋电测温度计检定规程

Verification Regulation of Sea Electric Measuring Thermometer

ICS
CCS: A54
发布: 1996
实施: 1996-10-01

JJG 463-1996 热台法熔点测定仪检定规程

Verification Regulation of Melting-Point-Measuring Instruments With Thermo-Micro-Method

ICS
CCS: A54
发布: 1996
实施: 1996-11-01

ASTM E341-96(2002) 用能量平衡法测量等离子体电弧气体焓的标准实施规程

The purpose of this practice is to measure the total or stagnation gas enthalpy of a plasma-arc gas stream in which nonreactive gases are heated by passage through an electrical discharge device during calibration tests of the system. The plasma arc represents one heat source for determining the performance of high temperature materials under simulated hyperthermal conditions. As such the total or stagnation enthalpy is one of the important parameters for correlating the behavior of ablation materials. The most direct method for obtaining a measure of total enthalpy, and one which can be performed simultaneously with each material test, if desired, is to perform an energy balance on the arc chamber. In addition, in making the energy balance, accurate measurements are needed since the efficiencies of some plasma generators are low (as low as 15 to 20 % or less in which case the enthalpy depends upon the difference of two quantities of nearly equal magnitude). Therefore, the accuracy of the measurements of the primary variables must be high, all energy losses must be correctly taken into account, and steady-state conditions must exist both in plasma performance and fluid flow. In particular it is noted that total enthalpy as determined by the energy balance technique is most useful if the plasma generator design minimizes coring affects. If nonuniformity exists the enthalpy determined by energy balance gives only the average for the entire plasma stream, whereas the local enthalpy experienced by a model in the core of the stream may be much higher. More precise methods are needed to measure local variations in total enthalpy.1.1 This practice covers the measurement of total gas enthalpy of an electric-arc-heated gas stream by means of an overall system energy balance. This is sometimes referred to as a bulk enthalpy and represents an average energy content of the test stream which may differ from local values in the test stream. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Measuring Plasma Arc Gas Enthalpy by Energy Balance

ICS: 17.200.10 (Heat. Calorimetry)
CCS: A54
发布: 1996
实施

ASTM E457-96(2002) 用热容量(芯棒)热量计测量传热速率的标准试验方法

The purpose of this test method is to measure the rate of thermal energy per unit area transferred into a known piece of material (slug) for purposes of calibrating the thermal environment into which test specimens are placed for evaluation. The calorimeter and holder size and shape should be identical to that of the test specimen. In this manner, the measured heat transfer rate to the calorimeter can be related to that experienced by the test specimen. The slug calorimeter is one of many calorimeter concepts used to measure heat transfer rate. This type of calorimeter is simple to fabricate, inexpensive, and readily installed since it is not water-cooled. The primary disadvantages are its short lifetime and relatively long cool-down time after exposure to the thermal environment. In measuring the heat transfer rate to the calorimeter, accurate measurement of the rate of rise in back-face temperature is imperative. In the evaluation of high-temperature materials, slug calorimeters are used to measure the heat transfer rate on various parts of the instrumented models, since heat transfer rate is one of the important parameters in evaluating the performance of ablative materials. Regardless of the source of thermal energy to the calorimeter (radiative, convective, or a combination thereof) the measurement is averaged over the calorimeter surface. If a significant percentage of the total thermal energy is radiative, consideration should be given to the emissivity of the slug surface. If non-uniformities exist in the input energy, the heat transfer rate calorimeter would tend to average these variations; therefore, the size of the sensing element (that is, the slug) should be limited to small diameters in order to measure local heat transfer rate values. Where large ablative samples are to be tested, it is recommended that a number of calorimeters be incorporated in the body of the test specimen such that a heat transfer rate distribution across the heated surface can be determined. In this manner, more representative heat transfer rate values can be defined for the test specimen and thus enable more meaningful interpretation of the test. The slug selection may be determined using the nomogram as a guide (see Appendix X1).1.1 This test method describes the measurement of heat transfer rate using a thermal capacitance-type calorimeter which assumes one-dimensional heat conduction into a cylindrical piece of material (slug) with known physical properties.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Note 18212;For information see Test Methods E 285, E 422, E 458, E 459, and E 511.

Standard Test Method for Measuring Heat-Transfer Rate Using a Thermal Capacitance (Slug) Calorimeter

ICS: 17.200.10 (Heat. Calorimetry)
CCS: A54
发布: 1996
实施

ASTM E457-96 用热容量(芯棒)热量计测量传热速率的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes the measurement of heat transfer rate using a thermal capacitance-type calorimeter which assumes one-dimensional heat conduction into a cylindrical piece of material (slug) with known physical properties.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Note 18212;For information see Test Methods E 285, E 422, E 458, E 459, and E 511.

Standard Test Method for Measuring Heat-Transfer Rate Using a Thermal Capacitance (Slug) Calorimeter

ICS
CCS: A54
发布: 1996
实施

ASTM E341-96 用能量平衡法测量等离子体电弧气体焓的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers the measurement of total gas enthalpy of an electric-arc-heated gas stream by means of an overall system energy balance. This is sometimes referred to as a bulk enthalpy and represents an average energy content of the test stream which may differ from local values in the test stream. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Measuring Plasma Arc Gas Enthalpy by Energy Balance