H16 粉末冶金分析方法 标准查询与下载

ISO 13517:2013 金属粉末.利用带刻度漏斗进行流量的测定(古斯塔弗森流量计)

This International Standard specifies a method for determining the flow rate of metallic powders,including powders for hardmetals and mixes of metallic powders and organic additives such as lubricants, by means of a calibrated funnel (Gustavsson flowmeter). The method is applicable only to powders which flow freely through the specified test orifice.

Metallic powders.Determination of flowrate by means of a calibrated funnel (Gustavsson flowmeter)

SN/T 0562-2013 出口氧化钼粉中铅、铜含量测定方法 原子吸收法

本标准规定了氧化钼粉中铅、铜含量的原子吸收光谱测定方法。本标准适用于氧化钼粉中铅、铜含量的测定。测定范围为铅：0.01%～0.5%（质量分数）；铜：0.01%～0.5%（质量分数）。

Determination of lead and copper contents in molybdenum oxide powder for export.atomic absorption method

SN/T 0564.1-2013 钛白粉 第1部分：三氧化二铁含量的测定 原子吸收法

SN/T 0564的本部分规定了钛白粉中三氧化二铁含量的火焰原子吸收光度测定方法。本部分适用于钛白粉中三氧化二铁含量的测定，测定范围0.01~0.15%(质量分数)。

Titanium dioxide.Part 1:Determination of ferric oxide content.Atomic absorption method

SN/T 3469.2-2013 进口粗炼或烧结铜物料中氟含量的测定方法 离子选择电极法

SN/T 3469的本部分规定了离子选择电极法测定进口粗炼或烧结铜物料中氟含量的方法。本部分适用于进口粗炼或烧结铜物料中氟含量的测定。测定范围：0.010%～0.80%。

Determination of flurine in import copper matte or sintered copper material by ion.Selective electrode

SN/T 3469.3-2013 进口粗炼或烧结铜物料中硫含量的测定 高频燃烧红外吸收法

SN/T 3469的本部分规定了高频红外碳硫仪测定进口粗炼或烧结铜物料中硫含量的测定方法。本部分适用于进口粗炼或烧结铜物料中硫含量的测定。硫测定范围为0.50%～25.00%。

Determination of sulfur content in import copper matte and sintered copper material.High frequency combustion with infrared absorption method

SN/T 3469.1-2013 进口粗炼或烧结物料中铜含量的测定 短碘量法

SN/T 3469的本部分规定了进口粗炼或铜烧结物料中铜含量的测定方法。本部分适用于进口粗炼或铜烧结物料中铜含量的测定，测定范围5%～30%。

Determination of copper content in crude refining of copper and copper-based sintered mineral for import.Short iodometric method

SN/T 3469.4-2013 进口粗炼或烧铜物料中金、银含量的测定方法 火焰原子吸收光谱法

SN/T 3469的本部分规定了进口粗炼或烧结铜物料中金、银含量的火焰原子吸收光谱测定方法。本部分适用于进口粗炼或烧结铜物料中金、银含量的测定。测定范围为Au:0.2 g/g~50 g/g;Ag:0.5 g/g~500 g/g。

Determination of gold and silver content in import copper matte or sintered copper material.Flame atomic absorption spectrometry

DIN EN ISO 13944:2013 含润滑剂的金属粉末混合物.润滑剂含量测定.索格利特(Soxhlet)萃取法(ISO 13944-2012).德文版本EN ISO 13944-2012

This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the lubricant content of a powder mix. The method is also suitable for preparing samples for measuring the content of elements,e.g. graphite and oxygen,the determination of which is interfered with by the presence of a lubricant. A condition of the application of the method is that a suitable solvent for the lubricant concerned is known and available.

Lubricated metal-powder mixes - Determination of lubricant content - Soxhlet extraction method (ISO 13944:2012); German version EN ISO 13944:2012

DIN EN ISO 7625:2013 硬质合金除外的烧结金属材料.用于碳含量测定的化学分析用样本预制(ISO 7625-2012).德文版本EN ISO 7625-2012

This International Standard specifies methods for preparing a sample from one or more sintered parts to be analysed for free or total carbon content. Combined carbon is determined as the difference between total and free carbon. This standard covers the preparation of samples for the determination of carbon by a chemical method,i.e. combustion in oxygen and measurement of the carbon dioxide produced,in accordance with ISO 437. It does not cover the preparation of samples for carbon determination by physical methods,such as metallography or spectroscopy.

Sintered metal materials, excluding hardmetals - Preparation of samples for chemical analysis for determination of carbon content (ISO 7625:2012); German version EN ISO 7625:2012

ASTM B212-13 使用霍尔流量计漏斗的自由流动性金属粉末表观密度的标准试验方法

5.1 This test method provides a guide for evaluation of an important physical characteristic of a powder known as the apparent density. The measured apparent density bears a relationship to the mass of powder that will fill a fixed volume die cavity. The degree of correlation between the results of this test and the performance of powders during use may vary with each particular application. Note, however, that the presence of moisture, oils, stearic acid, stearates, waxes, and the temperature of the powder mass may alter the physical characteristics of the powder. 1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining the apparent density of free-flowing metal powders, and mixed powders; and is suitable for only those powders that will flow unaided through the specified Hall Flowmeter funnel. 1.2 With the exception of the values for mass, volume, and density, for which the use of the gram and the cubic centimeter units is the long-standing industry practice, the values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Free-Flowing Metal Powders Using the Hall Flowmeter Funnel

ASTM B859-13(2018) 在粒度分析之前对难熔金属粉末及其化合物进行解聚的标准实践

4.1 Refractory metal powders, such as tungsten and molybdenum, are usually produced by hydrogen reduction at high temperatures. Thus, they usually contain numerous large, strongly-sintered agglomerates. Many of the manufacturing processes using these powders involve a milling step or some similar treatment or depend on the individual particulate size, not on the agglomerate size.4 Thus, a knowledge of the individual particulate size distribution, not the agglomerate size distribution, is usually desired from a particle size analysis of these powders. This practice provides a procedure for breaking down agglomerates into their constituent particles (de-agglomeration), without excessive fracture of the individual particles. The procedure is often referred to as laboratory milling or rod milling. 4.2 The laboratory milling conditions specified in this guide have been in use since 1965, initially as part of a particle size analysis test method. This guide was first published as a separate, stand-alone standard in 1995 because of its applicability in preparing powder samples for analysis by other methods as well (for example, Test Methods B761 and B822). Information on the development and establishment of the milling conditions here specified can be found in the footnoted reference.5 4.3 The milling procedure described in this practice does not necessarily break down only agglomerates without fracturing individual particles; some particle fracture may occur in certain powders. However, use of this practice does provide consistent particle size analysis results that have been found to relate well to powder behavior in numerous manufacturing processes. 4.4 This practice shall be used for the de-agglomeration of the refractory metal powders and compounds listed in 1.2, when an evaluation of the individual particulate size distribution is required from the subsequent particle size analysis. It shall not be used when the agglomerate (as-is or as-supplied) size distribution is desired. 4.5 This practice may be used in preparing samples for Test Methods B330, B761, B822, and other particle size analysis methods, prior to the dispersion procedure of Guide B821, if used. 1.1 This practice covers the de-agglomeration of refractory metal powders and their compounds in preparation for particle size analysis. 1.2 Experience has shown that this practice is satisfactory for the de-agglomeration of elemental tungsten, molybdenum, rhenium, and tantalum metal powders, and tungsten carbide. Other metal powders ......

Standard Practice for De-Agglomeration of Refractory Metal Powders and Their Compounds Prior to Particle Size Analysis

ASTM B213-13 使用霍尔流量计漏斗的金属粉末流量的标准试验方法

5.1 The rate and uniformity of die cavity filling are related to flow properties, which thus influence production rates and uniformity of compacted parts. 5.2 The ability of a powder to flow is a function of interparticle friction. As interparticle friction increases, flow is slowed. Fine powders may not flow. Some powders, often fine powders and lubricated powder mixtures, may not flow through the Hall Flowmeter funnel. Nevertheless, if a larger orifice is provided, such as in the Carney Flowmeter funnel of Test Method B964, a meaningful flow rate may be determined, providing specific information for certain applications. 5.3 Test Method B213, using the Hall Flowmeter funnel, is the preferred method for determining the flowability of metal powders and powder mixtures. The Carney Flowmeter funnel of Method B964 should only be used when powder will not flow through the Hall Flowmeter funnel. 5.4 Humidity and moisture content influence flow rate. Wet or moist powders may not flow. 5.5 These test methods are based on flow of a specified mass of powder. If flow of a specific volume of powder is preferred, Test Method B855 may be used for powders that flow readily through the Hall Flowmeter funnel. 5.6 This test method may be part of the purchase agreement between powder manufacturers and powder metallurgy (PM) part producers, or it can be an internal quality control test by either the producer or the end user. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of a flow rate, by the use of the Hall Flowmeter funnel of metal powders and powder mixtures. It is suitable only for those powders that will flow unaided through the Hall Flowmeter funnel. 1.2 With the exception of the values for density and the mass used to determine density, for which the use of the gram per cubic centimeter (g/cm3) and gram (g) units is the longstanding industry practice, the values in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only, and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Flow Rate of Metal Powders Using the Hall Flowmeter Funnel

ASTM B610-13 与处理金属粉末相关测定尺寸变化的标准试验方法

5.1 Dimensional Change When Compacting and Sintering Metal Powders: 5.1.1 The dimensional change value obtained under specified conditions of compacting and sintering is a material characteristic inherent in the powder. 5.1.2 The test is useful for quality control of the dimensional change of a metal powder mixture, to measure compositional and processing changes and to guide in the production of PM parts. 5.1.3 The absolute dimensional change may be used to classify powders or differentiate one type or grade from another, to evaluate additions to a powder mixture or to measure process changes, and to guide in the design of tooling. 5.1.4 The comparative dimensional change is mainly used as a quality control test to measure variations between a lot or shipment of metal powder and a reference powder of the same material composition. 5.1.5 Factors known to affect size change are the base metal powder grade, type and lot, particle size distribution, level and types of additions to the base metal powder, amount and type of lubricant, green density, as well as processing conditions of the test specimen; heating rate, sintering time and temperature, sintering atmosphere, and cooling rate. 5.2 Dimensional Change of Various PM Processing Steps: 5.2.1 The general procedure of measuring the die or a test compact before and after a PM processing step, and calculating a percent dimensional change is also adapted for use as an internal process evaluation test to quantify green expansion, repressing size change, heat treatment changes or other changes in dimensions that result from a manufacturing operation. 1.1 This standard covers a test method that may be used to measure the sum of the changes in dimensions that occur when a metal powder is first compacted into a test specimen and then sintered. 1.2 The dimensional change is determined by a quantitative laboratory procedure in which the arithmetic difference between the dimensions of a die cavity and the dimensions of a sintered test specimen produced from that die is calculated and expressed as a percent growth or shrinkage. 1.3 With the exception of the values for density and the mass used to determine density, for which the use of the gram per cubic centimetre (g/cm3) and gram (g) units is the long-standing industry practice, the values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measuring Dimensional Changes Associated with Processing Metal Powders

ASTM B311-13 孔隙度小于2%的粉末冶金材料密度的标准试验方法

5.1 For PM materials containing less than two percent porosity, a density measurement may be used to determine if the part has been densified, either overall or in a critical region, to the degree required for the intended application. Density alone cannot be used for evaluating the degree of densification because chemical composition and heat treatment affect the pore-free density. 5.2 For cemented carbides, a density measurement is normally used to determine if there is any significant deviation in composition of the carbide grade. For straight tungsten carbide-cobalt grades, the relationship is straightforward. For complex carbide grades (for example, grades containing tantalum carbide or titanium carbide, or both, in addition to tungsten carbide-cobalt), the situation is more complicated. If the measured density is beyond the specified limits, the composition is outside of the specified limits. A measured density within the specified limits does not ensure correct composition; compensation between two or more constituents could result in the expected density with the wrong composition. Density alone cannot be used for evaluating a cemented carbide grade. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of density for powder metallurgy (PM) materials containing less than two percent porosity and for cemented carbides. This test method is based on the water displacement method. Note 1—A test specimen that gains mass when immersed in water indicates the specimen contains surface-connected porosity. Unsealed surface porosity will absorb water and cause density values higher than the true value. This test method is not applicable if this problem occurs. 1.2 With the exception of the values for density and the mass used to determine density, for which the use of the gram per cubic centimeter (g/cm3) and gram (g) units is the long-standing industry practice, the values in SI units are to be regarded as standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Density of Powder Metallurgy (PM) Materials Containing Less Than Two Percent Porosity

ASTM B962-13 用阿基米德原理测定压实或烧结粉末冶金(PM)产品密度的标准试验方法

5.1 The volume of a complex shaped PM part cannot be measured accurately using micrometers or calipers. Since density is mass per unit volume, a precise method for measuring the volume is needed. Archimedes’ principle may be used to calculate the volume of water displaced by an immersed object. For this to be applicable to PM materials that contain surface connected porosity, the surface pores are sealed by oil impregnation or some other means. 5.2 The green density of compacted parts or test pieces is normally determined to assist during press set-up, or for quality control purposes. It is also used for determining the compressibility of base powders, mixed powders, and premixes. 5.3 The sintered density of sintered PM parts and sintered PM test specimens is used as a quality control measure. 5.4 The impregnated density of sintered bearings is normally measured for quality control purposes as bearings are generally supplied and used oil-impregnated. 1.1 This standard describes a method for measuring the density of powder metallurgy products that usually have surface-connected porosity. 1.2 The density of impermeable PM materials, those materials that do not gain mass when immersed in water, may be determined using Test Method B311. 1.3 The current method is applicable to green compacts, sintered parts, and green and sintered test specimens. 1.4 With the exception of the values for density and the mass used to determine density, for which the use of the gram per cubic centimetre (g/cm3) and gram (g) units is the long-standing industry practice, the values in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Density of Compacted or Sintered Powder Metallurgy (PM) Products Using Archimedesrsquo; Principle

BS EN ISO 7625:2012 不包括硬质金属的烧结金属材料.碳含量测定用化学分析样品的制备

Sintered metal materials, excluding hardmetals. Preparation of samples for chemical analysis for determination of carbon content

YS/T 56-2012 金属粉末－自然坡度角的测定

本标准规定了金属粉末自然坡度角的测定方法。本标准适用于能够自由流过或借助于振动流过孔径7.5 mm漏斗的金属粉末。本标准不适用于容易吸潮或严重团聚的粉末。

Metallic powders.Determination of the angle of repose

NF A95-331*NF EN ISO 7625:2012 不包括硬质金属的烧结金属材料.碳含量测定用化学分析样品的制备

Sintered metal materials, excluding hardmetals - Preparation of samples for chemical analysis for determination of carbon content

JIS Z 2502:2012 金属粉末.用校准的漏斗测定粉末流动性(霍尔流动性测量仪)

This Standard specifies a method for determining the flowability of metallic powders by means of a calibrated funnel (Hall flowmeter). This method is applicable only to metallic powders which flow freely through the specified orifice.

Metallic powders -- Determination of flow rate by means of a calibrated funnel (Hall flowmeter)

JIS Z 2504:2012 金属粉末.表观密度测定方法

This Standard specifies the funnel method for the determination of the apparent density of metallic powders. The method is intended for metallic powders that flow freely through a 2.5 mm diameter orifice. It may, however, be used for powders that flow with difficulty through a 2.5 mm diameter orifice but flow freely through a 5 mm diameter orifice.

Metallic powders -- Determination of apparent density