Z17 海洋环境物质分析方法 标准查询与下载

ASTM D4458-05 微咸水、海水及盐水中氯化物离子的标准试验方法

Chloride is present in virtually all oil field brines, seawaters, and many waste waters. Identification of the origin of the water and selection of its disposal method may be based upon the chloride content. The chloride content is also used to estimate the resistivity of formation waters and to differentiate between subsurface formations.1.1 This test methodis applicable to the measurement of chloride in highly mineralized waters such as oil field brines, seawater, and brackish water. The test method is based upon the titration of chloride with silver nitrate, using a visual indicator.1.2 Samples containing from 10 to 150 mg of chloride can be analyzed by this test method. These levels are achieved by dilution as described in the test method.1.3 It is the user's responsibility to assure the validity of the method for untested types of water.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Chloride Ions in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines

ASTM D3868-04 微咸水、海水和盐水中氟化物离子的标准试验方法

Identification of a brackish water, seawater, or brine is determined by comparison of the concentrations of their dissolved constituents. The results are used to evaluate the origin of the water, determine if it is a possible pollutant, or if it is related to a potential source of a valuable mineral. For example, in geochemical studies some correlation data indicate that fluoride is an indirect indicator of the presence of lithium. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of soluble fluoride ions in brackish water, seawater and brines by use of a fluoride selective electrode. 1.2 Samples containing from 1.0 to 25 mg/L can be analyzed by this test method. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Fluoride Ions in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines

ASTM D3869-04 微咸水、海水和盐水中碘化物和溴化物离子的标准试验方法

Identification of a brackish water, seawater, or brine is determined by comparison of the concentrations of their dissolved constituents. The results are used to evaluate the origin of the water, determine if it is a possible pollutant or determine if it is a commercial source of a valuable constituent such as iodine or bromine.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of soluble iodide and bromide ions, or both, in brackish water, seawater, and brines. Four test methods are given as follows:1.1.1 Test Method A for both Iodide and Bromide Ions-Volumetric, for concentrations from 0.2 to 2000 mg/L iodide and from 5 to 6500 mg/L bromide (Sections 7-15).1.1.2 Test Method B for Iodide IonColorimetric, for concentrations from 0.2 to 2000 mg/L iodide (Sections )16-25.1.1.3 Test Method C for Iodide IonSelective electrode, for concentrations from 1 to 2000 mg/L iodide (Sections 26-34).1.1.4 Test Method D for Bromide IonColorimetric, for concentrations from 40 to 6500 mg/L bromide (Sections 35-44).1.2 Test Method A is intended for use on all brackish waters, seawaters, and brines that contain appreciable amounts of iodide or bromide ions or both. Test Methods B, C, and D, because of their rapidity and sensitivity, are recommended for the analysis of brackish waters, seawaters, and brines in the field and in the laboratory.1.3 Samples containing from 0.2 to 2000 mg/L of iodide or 5 to 6500 mg/L of bromide may be analyzed by these methods.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 20.2 and 39.2.

Standard Test Methods for Iodide and Bromide Ions in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines

ASTM D3651-02 微咸水,海水和盐水中钡含量的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of soluble barium ion in brackish water, sea-water, and brines by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.1.2 The actual working range of this test method is 1 to 5 mg/L barium.1.3 This test method was used successfully on artificial brine samples. It is the user's responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for waters of untested matrices.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Barium in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines

KS V ISO 16165:2001 船舶与海洋技术.海洋环境保护.漏油对策相关术语

이 규격은 기름 유출 및 통제와 관련된 용어 및 정의를 기술한다. 이 규격의 목적은 탐사,

Marine environment protection-Terminology relating to oil spill response

ISO 16165:2001 船舶及海上技术 海上环境保护 关于油泄露反应的术语

This International Standard contains terms and definitions relating to oil spills and their control. The objective of this International Standard is to provide standardized terminology relating to oil spill response, defined as the broad range of activities related to spill cleanup, including surveillance and assessment, containment, recovery, dispersant-use, in-situ burning, shoreline cleanup and disposal.

Ships and Marine Technology - Marine Environment Protection - Terminology Relating to Oil Spill Response (Second Edition)

ASTM E1706-00e2 淡水中无脊椎动物沉积物有关污染毒性测量的试验方法

1.1 This test method covers procedures for testing freshwater organisms in the laboratory to evaluate the toxicity of contaminants associated with whole sediments. Sediments may be collected from the field or spiked with compounds in the laboratory.1.1.1 Test methods are described for two toxicity test organisms, the amphipod Hyalella azteca (H. azteca) (see 13.1.2) and the midge Chironomus tentans (C. tentans) (see 14.1.2). The toxicity tests are conducted for 10 days in 300-mL chambers containing 100 mL of sediment and 175 mL of overlying water. Overlying water is renewed daily and test organisms are fed during the toxicity tests. Endpoints for the 10-day toxicity tests are survival and growth. These test methods describe procedures for testing freshwater sediments; however, estuarine sediments (up to 15 ppt salinity) can also be tested with H. azteca. In addition to the 10-day toxicity test method outlined in 13.1.2 and 14.1.2, general procedures are also described for conducting 10-day sediment toxicity tests with H. azteca (see 13.1.2) and C. tentans (see 14.1.2).1.1.2 Guidance for conducting sediment toxicity tests is outlined in Annex A1 for Chironomus riparius, in Annex A2 for Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia dubia, in Annex A3 for Hexagenia spp., in Annex A4 for Tubifex tubifex, and in Annex A5 for the Diporeia spp. Guidance is also provided in Annex A6 for conducting long-term sediment toxicity tests with H. azteca by measuring effects on survival, growth, and reproduction. Guidance is also provided in Annex A7 for conducting long-term sediment toxicity tests with C. tentans by measuring effects on survival, growth, emergence, and reproduction. 1.6 outlines the data that will be needed before test methods are developed from the guidance outlined in Annex A1 to Annex A7 for these test organisms. General procedures described in Sections 17 for sediment testing with H. azteca and C. tentans are also applicable for sediment testing with the test organisms described in Annex A1 to Annex A7.1.2 Procedures outlined in this test method are based primarily on procedures described in the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (1-8)sup2; and Guides E 1367, E 1391, E 1525 and E 1688.1.3 Additional research and methods development are now in progress to: (1) evaluate additional test organisms, (2) further evaluate the use of formulated sediment, (3) refine sediment dilution procedures, (4) refine sediment toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) procedures (9), (5) refine sediment spiking procedures, (6) develop in situ toxicity tests to assess sediment toxicity and bioaccumulation under field conditions, (7) evaluate relative sensitivities of endpoints measured in tests, (8) develop methods for new species, (9) evaluate relationships between toxicity and bioaccumulation, and (10) produce additional data on confirmation of responses in laboratory tests with natural populations of benthic organisms. Some issues that may be considered in interpretation of test results are the subject of continuing research including the influence of feeding on bioavailability, nutritional requirements of the test organisms, and additional performance criteria for organism health. See Section 6 for additional detail. This information will be described in future editions of this standard.1.4 The USEPA (1) and Guide E 1688 also describes 28-day bioaccumulation methods for the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus.1.5 Results of tests, even those with the same species, using procedures different from those described in the test method may not be comparable and using these different procedures may alter bioavailability. Comparison of results obtained using modified versions ......

Test Method for Measuring the Toxicity of Sediment-Associated Contaminants with Freshwater Invertebrates

ASTM E1706-00 淡水中无脊椎动物沉积物有关污染毒性测量的试验方法

1.1 This test method covers procedures for testing freshwater organisms in the laboratory to evaluate the toxicity of contaminants associated with whole sediments. Sediments may be collected from the field or spiked with compounds in the laboratory.1.1.1 Test methods are described for two toxicity test organisms, the amphipod Hyalella azteca ( H. azteca) (see13.1.2) and the midge Chironomus tentans (C. tentans) (see 14.1.2). The toxicity tests are conducted for 10 days in 300-mL chambers containing 100 mL of sediment and 175 mL of overlying water. Overlying water is renewed daily and test organisms are fed during the toxicity tests. Endpoints for the 10-day toxicity tests are survival and growth. These test methods describe procedures for testing freshwater sediments; however, estuarine sediments (up to 15 ppt salinity) can also be tested with H. azteca. In addition to the 10-day toxicity test method outlined in 13.1.2 and 14.1.2, general procedures are also described for conducting 10-day sediment toxicity tests with H. azteca (see 13.1.2) and C. tentans(see 14.1.2).1.1.2 Guidance for conducting sediment toxicity tests is outlined in Annex A1 for Chironomus riparius, in Annex A2 for Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia dubia, in Annex A3 for Hexagenia spp., in Annex A4 for Tubifex tubifex, and in Annex A5 for the Diporeia spp. Guidance is also provided in for conducting long-term sediment toxicity tests with H. azteca by measuring effects on survival, growth, and reproduction. Guidance is also provided in Annex A6 for conducting long-term sediment toxicity tests with C. tentans by measuring effects on survival, growth, emergence, and reproduction. 1.6 outlines the data that will be needed before test methods are developed from the guidance outlined in Annex A1 to Annex A7 for these test organisms. General procedures described in Sections 17 for sediment testing with H. azteca and C. tentans are also applicable for sediment testing with the test organisms described in Annex A1 to Annex A7.1.2 Procedures outlined in this test method are based primarily on procedures described in the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (1-8 ) and Guides E1367, E1391, E1525 and E1688.1.3 Additional research and methods development are now in progress to: (1) evaluate additional test organisms, (2) further evaluate the use of formulated sediment, (3) refine sediment dilution procedures, (4) refine sediment toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) procedures (9), (5) refine sediment spiking procedures, (6) develop in situ toxicity tests to assess sediment toxicity and bioaccumulation under field conditions, (7) evaluate relative sensitivities of endpoints measured in tests, (8) develop methods for new species, (9) evaluate relationships between toxicity and bioaccumulation, and (10) produce additional data on confirmation of responses in laboratory tests with natural populations of benthic organisms. Some issues that may be considered in interpretation of test results are the subject of continuing research including the influence of feeding on bioavailability, nutritional requirements of the test organisms, and additional performance criteria for organism health. See Section 6 for additional detail. This information will be described in future editions of this standard.1.4 The USEPA (1) and Guide E1688 also describes 28-day bioaccumulation methods for the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus.1.5 Results of tests, even those with the same species, using procedures different from those described in the test method may not be comparable and using these different procedures may alter bioavailability. Comparison of results obtained using modif......

Test Method for Measuring the Toxicity of Sediment-Associated Contaminants with Fresh Water Invertebrates

ASTM E1706-00e1 淡水中无脊椎动物沉积物有关污染毒性测量的试验方法

1.1 This test method covers procedures for testing freshwater organisms in the laboratory to evaluate the toxicity of contaminants associated with whole sediments. Sediments may be collected from the field or spiked with compounds in the laboratory.1.1.1 Test methods are described for two toxicity test organisms, the amphipod Hyalella azteca ( H. azteca) (see 13.1.2) and the midge Chironomus tentans (C. tentans) (see 14.1.2). The toxicity tests are conducted for 10 days in 300-mL chambers containing 100 mL of sediment and 175 mL of overlying water. Overlying water is renewed daily and test organisms are fed during the toxicity tests. Endpoints for the 10-day toxicity tests are survival and growth. These test methods describe procedures for testing freshwater sediments; however, estuarine sediments (up to 15 ppt salinity) can also be tested with H. azteca. In addition to the 10-day toxicity test method outlined in 13.1.2 and 14.1.2, general procedures are also described for conducting 10-day sediment toxicity tests with H. azteca (see 13.1.2) and C. tentans(see 14.1.2).1.1.2 Guidance for conducting sediment toxicity tests is outlined in Annex A1 for Chironomus riparius, in Annex A2 for Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia dubia, in Annex A3 for Hexagenia spp., in Annex A4 for Tubifex tubifex, and in for the Diporeia spp. Guidance is also provided in Annex A7 for conducting long-term sediment toxicity tests with H. azteca by measuring effects on survival, growth, and reproduction. Guidance is also provided in for conducting long-term sediment toxicity tests with C. tentans by measuring effects on survival, growth, emergence, and reproduction. outlines the data that will be needed before test methods are developed from the guidance outlined in to for these test organisms. General procedures described in Sections 17 for sediment testing with H. azteca and C. tentans are also applicable for sediment testing with the test organisms described in Annex A1 to Annex a7.1.2 Procedures outlined in this test method are based primarily on procedures described in the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (1-8 ) and Guides E 1367, E 1391, E 1525 and E 1688.1.3 Additional research and methods development are now in progress to: (1) evaluate additional test organisms, (2) further evaluate the use of formulated sediment, (3) refine sediment dilution procedures, (4) refine sediment toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) procedures (9), (5) refine sediment spiking procedures, (6) develop in situ toxicity tests to assess sediment toxicity and bioaccumulation under field conditions, (7) evaluate relative sensitivities of endpoints measured in tests, (8) develop methods for new species, (9) evaluate relationships between toxicity and bioaccumulation, and (10) produce additional data on confirmation of responses in laboratory tests with natural populations of benthic organisms. Some issues that may be considered in interpretation of test results are the subject of continuing research including the influence of feeding on bioavailability, nutritional requirements of the test organisms, and additional performance criteria for organism health. See Section 6 for additional detail. This information will be described in future editions of this standard.1.4 The USEPA (1) and Guide E 1688 also describes 28-day bioaccumulation methods for the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus.1.5 Results of tests, even those with the same species, using procedures different from those described in the test method may not be comparable and using these different procedures may alter bioavailability. Comparison of results obtained using modified versions of these procedures ......

Test Method for Measuring the Toxicity of Sediment-Associated Contaminants with Fresh Water Invertebrates

ASTM E1688-00a 海底无脊椎动物所致沉积物有关污染物的生物累积测定标准导则

1.1 This guide covers procedures for measuring the bioaccumulation of sediment-associated contaminants by infaunal invertebrates. Marine, estuarine, and freshwater sediments are a major sink for contaminants that sorb preferentially to particles, such as organic contaminants with high octanol-water-partitioning coefficients (Kow ) (for example, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)) and many heavy metals. The accumulation of contaminants into whole or bedded sediments (that is, consolidated rather than suspended sediments) reduces their direct bioavailability to pelagic organisms but increases the exposure of benthic organisms. Feeding of pelagic organisms on benthic prey can reintroduce sediment-associated contaminants into pelagic food webs. The bioaccumulation of sediment-associated contaminants by sediment-dwelling organisms can therefore result in ecological impacts on benthic and pelagic communities and human health from the consumption of contaminated shellfish or pelagic fish. 1.2 Methods of measuring bioaccumulation by infaunal organisms from marine, estuarine, and freshwater sediments will be discussed. The procedures are designed to generate quantitative estimates of steady-state tissue residues because data from bioaccumulation tests are often used in ecological or human health risk assessments. Eighty percent of steady-state is used as the general criterion. Because the results from a single or few species are often extrapolated to other species, the procedures are designed to maximize exposure to sediment-associated contaminants so that residues in untested species are not underestimated systematically. A 28-day exposure with sediment-ingesting invertebrates and no supplemental food is recommended as the standard single sampling procedure. Procedures for long-term and kinetic tests are provided for use when 80% of steady-state will not be obtained within 28 days or when more precise estimates of steady-state tissue residues are required. The procedures are adaptable to shorter exposures and different feeding types. Exposures shorter than 28 days may be used to identify which compounds are bioavailable (that is, bioaccumulation potential) or for testing species that do not live for 28 days in the sediment (for example, certain Chironomus ). Non-sediment-ingestors or species requiring supplementary food may be used if the goal is to determine uptake in these particular species because of their importance in ecological or human health risk assessments. However, the results from such species should not be extrapolated to other species. 1.3 Standard test methods are still under development, and much of this guide is based on techniques used in successful studies and expert opinion rather than experimental comparisons of different techniques. Also, relatively few marine/estuarine (for example, Nereis and Macoma ), freshwater (for example, Diporeia and Lumbriculus variegatus ) species, and primarily neutral organic contaminants provide a substantial portion of the basis for the guide. Nonetheless, sufficient progress has been made in conducting experiments and understanding the factors regulating sediment bioavailability to establish general guidelines for sediment bioaccumulation tests. 1.4 This guide is arranged as follows: Scope 1 Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Summary of Guide 4 Significance and Use 5 Interferences 6 Apparatus 7 Safety Precautions 8 Overlying Water 9 Sediment 10 Tes......

Standard Guide for Determination of the Bioaccumulation of Sediment-Associated Contaminants by Benthic Invertebrates

ASTM E1688-00a(2007) 海底无脊椎动物所致沉积物有关污染物的生物累积测定的标准指南

Sediment exposure evaluations are a critical component for both ecological and human health risk assessments. Credible, cost-effective methods are required to determine the rate and extent of bioaccumulation given the potential importance of bioaccumulation by benthic organisms. Standardized test methods to assess the bioavailability of sediment-associated contaminants are required to assist in the development of sediment quality criteria (1, 2)5 and to assess the potential impacts of disposal of dredge materials (3). The extent to which sediment-associated contaminants are biologically available and bioaccumulated is important in order to assess their direct effects on sediment-dwelling organisms and assess their transport to higher trophic levels. Controlled studies are required to determine the potential for bioaccumulation that can be interpreted and modeled for predicting the impact of accumulated chemicals. The data collected by these methods should be correlated with the current understanding of toxicity or human health risks to complete the hazard interpretation for contaminated sediments.1.1 This guide covers procedures for measuring the bioaccumulation of sediment-associated contaminants by infaunal invertebrates. Marine, estuarine, and freshwater sediments are a major sink for chemicals that sorb preferentially to particles, such as organic compounds with high octanol-water-partitioning coefficients (Kow) (for example, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)) and many heavy metals. The accumulation of chemicals into whole or bedded sediments (that is, consolidated rather than suspended sediments) reduces their direct bioavailability to pelagic organisms but increases the exposure of benthic organisms. Feeding of pelagic organisms on benthic prey can reintroduce sediment-associated contaminants into pelagic food webs. The bioaccumulation of sediment-associated contaminants by sediment-dwelling organisms can therefore result in ecological impacts on benthic and pelagic communities and human health from the consumption of contaminated shellfish or pelagic fish.1.2 Methods of measuring bioaccumulation by infaunal organisms from marine, estuarine, and freshwater sediments will be discussed. The procedures are designed to generate quantitative estimates of steady-state tissue residues because data from bioaccumulation tests are often used in ecological or human health risk assessments. Eighty percent of steady-state is used as the general criterion. Because the results from a single or few species are often extrapolated to other species, the procedures are designed to maximize exposure to sediment-associated contaminants so that residues in untested species are not underestimated systematically. A 28-day exposure with sediment-ingesting invertebrates and no supplemental food is recommended as the standard single sampling procedure. Procedures for long-term and kinetic tests are provided for use when 80 % of steady-state will not be obtained within 28 days or when more precise estimates of steady-state tissue residues are required. The procedures are adaptable to shorter exposures and different feeding types. Exposures shorter than 28 days may be used to identify which compounds are bioavailable (that is, bioaccumulation potential) or for testing species that do not live for 28 days in the sediment (for example, certain Chironomus). Non-sediment-ingestors or species requiring supplementary food may be used if the goal is to determine uptake in these particular species because of their importance in ecological or human health risk assessments. However, the results from such species should not be extrapolated to other species.1.3 Standard test methods are still under development, and much of t......

Standard Guide for Determination of the Bioaccumulation of Sediment-Associated Contaminants by Benthic Invertebrates

ASTM F1687-97(2003) 描述海岸线注油条件的目录和术语的标准导则

In order to ensure data consistency, it is important to use standardized terminology and definitions in describing oiling conditions. This guide provides a template for that purpose. Data on oiling conditions at a shoreline are needed to provide an accurate perspective of the nature and scale of the oiling problem and to facilitate spill-response planning and decision making. Data on oiling conditions would be used in assessing the need for cleanup actions, selecting the most appropriate response technique(s), determining priorities for cleanup, and evaluating the endpoint of cleanup activities. Mechanisms by which data are collected may vary (see Guide F 1686).3 ,4 They may include aerial videotape surveys or ground-level assessment surveys. The composition and responsibility of the survey team will depend on the response organization and objectives. The magnitude and type of data sets collected may likewise vary with the nature of the spill and operational needs.5 ,6 Consistent data sets (observations and measurements) on shoreline oiling conditions are essential within any one spill in order to compare the data between different sites or observers, and to compare the data against existing benchmarks or criteria that have been developed to rate the nature or severity of the oiling. To the extent possible, consistency is also desirable between different spills, in order to benefit from previous experiences and cleanup decisions. It is recognized that some modifications may be appropriate based on local or regional geographic conditions or upon the specific character of the stranded oil.1.1 This guide covers the standardized terminology and types of observational data and indices appropriate to describe the quantity, nature, and distribution of oil and physical oiling conditions on shorelines that have been contaminated by an oil spill.1.2 This guide does not address the mechanisms and field procedures by which the necessary data are gathered; nor does it address terminology used to describe the cultural resource or ecological character of oiled shorelines, spill monitoring, or cleanup techniques.1.3 This guide applies to marine shorelines (including estuaries) and may also be used in freshwater environments (rivers and lakes).1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Terminology and Indices to Describe Oiling Conditions on Shorelines

ASTM F1687-97 描述海岸线注油条件的目录和术语的标准导则

1.1 This guide covers the standardized terminology and types of observational data and indices appropriate to describe the quantity, nature, and distribution of oil and physical oiling conditions on shorelines that have been contaminated by an oil spill. 1.2 This guide does not address the mechanisms and field procedures by which the necessary data are gathered; nor does it address terminology used to describe the cultural resource or ecological character of oiled shorelines, spill monitoring, or cleanup techniques. 1.3 This guide applies to marine shorelines (including estuaries) and may also be used in freshwater environments (rivers and lakes). 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Terminology and Indices to Describe Oiling Conditions on Shorelines

prEN 60870-5-1-1993 遥控设备和系统.第5部分:传输协议.第1节:传输贴格式

Telecontrol equipment and systems; part 5: transmission protocols; section 1: transmission frame formats (IEC 870-5-1:1990)

ASTM D5284-93(2004)e1 带酸性萃取液的废弃物顺序批量萃取的标准试验方法

This test method is intended as a means for obtaining sequential extracts of a waste. The extracts may be used to estimate the release of certain constituents of the waste under the laboratory conditions described in this test method. The pH of the extraction fluid used in this test method is to reflect the pH of acidic precipitation in the geographic region in which the waste being tested is to be disposed. Note 18212;Possible sources of information concerning the pH of precipitation in the geographic region of interest include state and federal environmental agencies, state universities, libraries, etc. Note 28212;For sequential batch extraction of waste using a nonacidic extraction fluid, see Test Method D 4793. An intent of this test method is for the final pH of each of the extracts to reflect the interaction of the extractant with the buffering capacity of the waste. This test method is not intended to provide extracts that are representative of the actual leachate produced from a waste in the field or to produce extracts to be used as the sole basis of engineering design. This test method has not been demonstrated to simulate actual disposal site leaching conditions. This test method produces extracts that are amenable to the determination of both major and minor (trace) constituents. When minor constituents are being determined, it is especially important that precautions be taken in sample storage and handling to avoid possible contamination of the samples. This test method has been tested to determine its applicability to certain inorganic components in the waste. This test method has not been tested for applicability to organic substances, volatile matter (see Note 5), or biologically active samples. The agitation technique, rate, liquid-to-solid ratio, and filtration conditions specified in the procedure may not be suitable for extracting all types of wastes (see Sections 7 and 8 and Appendix X1).1.1 This test method provides a procedure for the sequential leaching of a waste containing at least 5 % dry solids in order to generate solutions to be used to determine the constituents leached under the specified testing conditions.1.2 This test method calls for the shaking of a known weight of waste with acidic extraction fluid of a specified composition as well as the separation of the liquid phase for analysis. The pH of the extraction fluid is to reflect the pH of acidic precipitation in the geographic region in which the waste being tested is to be disposed. The procedure is conducted ten times in sequence on the same sample of waste, and it generates ten solutions.1.3 This test method is intended to describe the procedure for performing sequential batch extractions only. It does not describe all types of sampling and analytical requirements that may be associated with its application.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Sequential Batch Extraction of Waste with Acidic Extraction Fluid

ASTM D5284-93(2004) 带酸性萃取液的废弃物顺序批量萃取的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method provides a procedure for the sequential leaching of a waste containing at least 5 % dry solids in order to generate solutions to be used to determine the constituents leached under the specified testing conditions.1.2 This test method calls for the shaking of a known weight of waste with acidic extraction fluid of a specified composition as well as the separation of the liquid phase for analysis. The pH of the extraction fluid is to reflect the pH of acidic precipitation in the geographic region in which the waste being tested is to be disposed. The procedure is conducted ten times in sequence on the same sample of waste, and it generates ten solutions.1.3 This test method is intended to describe the procedure for performing sequential batch extractions only. It does not describe all types of sampling and analytical requirements that may be associated with its application.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Sequential Batch Extraction of Waste with Acidic Extraction Fluid