一个DNA碱基对（钠盐）的平均分子量 = 650 道尔顿 1.0 A260 unit ds DNA = 50 µg/ml = 0.15 mM (in nucleotides) 1.0 A260 unit ss DNA = 33 µg/ml = 0.10 mM (in nucleotides) 1.0 A260 unit ss RNA = 40 µg/ml = 0.11 mM (in nucleotides)

双链DNA分子的分子量(道尔顿) = 碱基对数目×650 双链DNA分子的末端摩尔数 = 2 ×DNA质量（克）/ DNA分子量（道尔顿） 限制性内切酶酶切后的DNA末端摩尔数: a) 环状DNA分子: 2 × DNA摩尔数× 位点数 b) 线性DNA分子: 2 × DNA摩尔数×位点数 2 × DNA摩尔数

1 µg 1000 bp DNA = 1.52 pmol = 9.1 × 1011 molecules 1 µg pUC18/19 DNA (2686 bp) = 0.57 pmol = 3.4 × 1011 molecules 1 µg pBR322 DNA (4361 bp) = 0.35 pmol = 2.1 × 1011 molecules 1 µg M13mp18/19 DNA (7249 bp) = 0.21 pmol = 1.3 × 1011 molecules 1 µg λDNA (48502 bp) = 0.03 pmol = 1.8 ×1010 molecules

1 pmol 1000 bp DNA = 0.66 µg 1 pmol pUC18/19 DNA (2686 bp) = 1.77 µg 1 pmol pBR322 DNA (4361 bp) = 2.88 µg 1 pmol M13mp18/19 DNA (7249 bp) = 4.78 µg 1 pmol λDNA (48502 bp) = 32.01 µg

1.0 kb DNA = 333个氨基酸的编码量≈ 37,000 道尔顿蛋白质 10,000道尔顿蛋白质≈270 bp DNA 50,000道尔顿蛋白质≈ 1.35 kb DNA