A major thrust in the application of gene transfer technology for cancer therapy has been the modulation of the immune response. There has been a veritable explosion of information regarding the components of the immune response that are required to generate a meaningful cellular response to tumorassociated antigens (TAAs) capable of eliciting rejection of established tumor. Many of the preclinical and clinical immunogenetic studies have focused on melanoma. Historically, melanoma has been an immunoresponsive tumor for which several melanoma TAAs have been identified.