Advances in Adjuvant Therapy: Potential for Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers
Melanoma is the third most common skin cancer but accounts for the majority of skin cancer-related mortality. The rapidly rising incidence and younger age at diagnosis has made melanoma a leading cause of lost productive years of life and has increased the urgency of finding improved adjuvant therapy for melanoma. Interferon-α was approved for the adjuvant treatment of resected high-risk melanoma following studies that demonstrated improvements in relapse-free survival and overall survival that were commenced nearly 30 years ago. The clinical benefits associated with this agent have been consistently observed across multiple studies and meta-analyses in terms of relapse rate, and to a smaller and less-consistent degree, mortality. However, significant toxicity and lack of prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers that would allow greater risk–benefit ratio have limited the more widespread adoption of this modality. Recent success with targeted agents directed against components of the MAP-kinase pathway and checkpoint inhibitors have transformed the treatment landscape in metastatic disease. Current research efforts are centered around discovering predictive/prognostic biomarkers and exploring the options for more effective regimens, either singly or in combination.
- Photoacoustic Tomography for Imaging Nanoparticles
- Mutational Analysis of Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes in Human Cancer Using Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis
- 18 Direct Sequencing for Cowden Syndrome Gene PTEN (MMAC1) Mutations
- Detection of Mismatch Repair Gene Expression in Urologic Malignancies
- Characterization of Nonmalignant and Malignant Prostatic Stem/Progenitor Cells by Hoechst Side Population Method
- 7 In Vitro Methods for Evaluation of P450-Based Anticancer Gene Therapy
- Real-Time RT-PCR (Taqman) of Tumor mRNA to Predict Sensitivity of Specimens to 5-Fluorouracil
- Regulatory Aspects for Translating Gene Therapy Research into the Clinic
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