嵴(cristae)
关键词: 嵴 cristae来源: 互联网
线粒体内膜向基质折褶形成的结构称作嵴(cristae), 嵴的形成使内膜的表面积大大增加。嵴有两种排列方式:一是片状(lamellar), 另一是管状(tubular)。在高等动物细胞中主要是片状的排列, 多数垂直于线粒体长轴。在原生动物和植物中常见的是管状排列。线粒体嵴的数目、形态和排列在不同种类的细胞中差别很大。一般说需能多的细胞,不仅线粒体多,而且线粒体嵴的数目也多。
线粒体内膜的嵴上有许多排列规则的颗粒称为线粒体基粒(elementary particle),每个基粒间相距约10 nm。基粒又称偶联因子1(coupling factor 1),简称F1,实际是ATP合酶(ATP synthase),又叫F0 F1 ATP酶复合体, 是一个多组分的复合物。
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