Use of Biosensors as Alternatives to Current Regulatory Methods for Marine Biotoxins
Marine toxins need a continuous monitoring system that is usually implemented in most producer and consumer countries. This is needed to protect consumers, as marine toxins are very toxic compounds. Up to now, the mouse bioassay has been the method of choice, but there is a legal requirement in Europe to replace the bioassay for mass spectrometry with chromatographic separation. This method is rather complex and expensive, and therefore biosensors are an option that provides an easy, reliable, and affordable fast system. A biosensor commonly used for marine toxin developments is the optical, label free, surface plasmon resonance (SPR). We provide in the chapter a discussion about SPR and a comparison among several technologies, and also a detailed example of an SPR-based method for saxitoxin and analogs. We also provide a method that uses another approach, the resonant mirror, in this case for yessotoxin. Both resonant mirror and SPR are good options for monitoring purposes for marine toxins.
- 伍式发酵罐和文氏管发酵设备工作原理
- 腺病毒载体
- Detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae from Clinical Samples and Air
- Genetic Manipulation of Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous and Phaffia rhodozyma
- Measurement of Natural-Killer Cell Lytic Activity of Adenovirus-Infected or Adenovirus-Transformed Cells
- Using Phylogenetic Profiles to Predict Functional Relationships
- Morphological and Molecular Genetic Analysis of Epigenetic Switching of the Human Fungal Pathogen Candida albicans
- Escherichia coli Electrotransformation
- Screening of Microorganisms for Enzymatic Biosynthesis of Nondigestible Oligosaccharides
- Perspectives on Methodology for In Vitro Culture of Helicobacter pylori