Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma Infections
Organisms of the class Mollicutes (meaning soft-skin) have regressively evolved, by genome reduction, from Gram-positive bacterial ancestors, namely certain clostria (1 ). The taxonomy of the class Mollicutes, containing four orders, five familes, and eight genera, is shown in Table 1 (2 ) The term “mollicute” is sometimes trivially used to describe any organism in the class. The term “mycoplasma” might be used best to describe any member of the genus Mycoplasma , but is also used, as in this chapter, in a trivial way to refer to any organism in the class. Table 1 Taxonomy and Properties of Mycoplasmas (class Mollicutes; Adapted from ref. 2 )
Classification | Current no. of Recognized species | Genome size(kbp) | Mel%G+C content | Distinctive properties | Habitat |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Order I: Mycoplasmatales Family I:Mycoplasmataceae Genus I:Mycoplasma | 100 | 580-l300 | 23-41 | Optimum growth at 37�C | Humans,animals,plants,insects |
Genus II Ureaplasma | 6 | 730-1160 | 27-30 | Urease positive | Humans,animals |
Order II Entomoplasmatales | |||||
Family I Entomoplasmataceae | |||||
Genus I Entomoplasma | 5 | 790-l140 | 27-29 | Optimum growth | Plants,insects |
at 30�C | |||||
Genus II Mesoplasma | 12 | 870-1100 | 27-30 | Plants,insects | |
Family II Spiroplasmataceae | |||||
Genus I:Spiroplasma | 17 | 940-2240 | 25-31 | Helical filaments | Arthropods(includ- |
ing insects), plants | |||||
Order III Acholeplasmatales | |||||
Family I Acholeplasmataceae | |||||
Genus I Acholeplasma | 13 | About 1600 | 27-36 | Animals,plants, | |
insects | |||||
Order IV Anaeroplasmatales | |||||
Family I Anaeroplasmataceae | |||||
Genus I.Anaeroplasma | 4 | About 1600 | 29-33 | Oxygen-sensitive | Bovine-ovine rumen |
obligate anaerobes | |||||
Genus II Asteroleplasma | 1 | About 1600 | 40 | Oxygen-sensitrve | Bovine-ovine rumen |
obligate anaerobes | |||||
Uncultivated,unclassified MLOs | 506-1185 | 23-29 | Uncultivated as yet | Plants,insects |
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- 病毒感染的实验室诊断与防治原则
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