One of the challenges of medical research today is to find ways of bringing our genetic knowledge of cancer to clinical application and to develop improved therapies by exploiting gene-based strategies. By offering increased specificity and reduced toxicity, gene-based approaches promise alternatives when conventional treatments fail. Gene therapy also offers improved responses to conventional treatments when used in combination with gene therapy. Chief among the cancers in urgent need of improved treatment options is prostate cancer—the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men.