Nuclear Application of Antisense Oligonucleotides by Microinjection and Ballistomagnetic Transfer to Identify G Protein Heterotr
G proteins link heptahelical membrane receptors to their effector systems. The G proteins consist of three subunits, α, β, and γ, of which until now 23 (including splice variants), 6, and 11 different forms are known, respectively (for reviews, see refs. 1 and 2 ). By sequence homology of G protein α-subunits, they are divided into four subfamilies, Gs , G1 , Gq , and G12 . Agonist bindmg is assumed to induce a conformational change of the receptor, which causes exchange of GDP for GTP at the G protein a-subumt, dissociation of Gαβγ from the activated receptor and dissociation of the Gα-GTP complex from the Gβγ dimer. Both activated Gα-GTP and free Gβγ have the capability of interacting with different effecters, e.g., adenylyl cyclases, phospholipases Cβ (PLCβ), and ion channels. It is of growing interest to establish whether receptors may be able to select among individual α-, β-, and γ-subunits for coupling to specific effector systems.
- Brain Mapping with High-Resolution fMRI Technology
- Pressure/Patch-Clamp Methods
- A Gi RNA-Antisense Expression Strategy to Investigate Coupling of Peptide YY/Neuropeptide Y Receptor to Gi
- Emotional and Anxiety Assessments in CNS Disorders
- Application of Three-Dimensional Structured Illumination Microscopy in Cell Biology: Pitfalls and Practical Considerations
- Proteolysis of p53 Protein by Ubiquitous Calpains
- Astrocytes: Multitalented Stars of the Central Nervous System
- Microtubules and Associated Proteins in Oligodendrocytes, the Myelin Forming Cells of the Central Nervous System
- Pipette Internal Perfusion: Methods and Applications
- Determination of Neurotransmitter Levels in Models of Parkinsons Disease by HPLC-ECD