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分析测试百科网 > 行业资讯 > 技术原理

盐溶液配制

2019.4.22

AcO-          --- part one ---

(AcO)2Ca 1; 1.5M
AcOK 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8M
(AcO)2Mg 1M
AcONa 1; 2; 3; 4M
pH of Ac K/Na solutions
AcONH4 1; 2; 3; 4M

CO3-

K2CO3 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6M
KHCO3 1M
Na2CO3 1; 2M
NaHCO3 1M
(NH4)2CO3 1; 2; 3; 4; 5M

Br-

KBr 1; 2; 3; 4; 4.5M
NaBr 1; 2; 3; 4; 5.5M

Cl-

CaCl2 1; 2; 3; 4; 5M
CoCl2 1; 1.5M
CsCl 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7M
KCl 1; 2; 3; 3.5M
LiCl 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 12M
MgCl2 1; 2; 3; 4M
MnCl2 1; 2; 3M
NaCl 1; 2; 3; 4; 5M
NH4Cl 1; 2; 3; 4; 5M
NiCl2 1; 1.5M
RbCl 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6M
ZnCl2 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 9; 10M

ClO4-

NaClO4 1; 2; 3; 4M

 Supplement.
SxOy2-          --- part two ---

Cs2SO4 1M
CuSO4 1M
K2SO4 0.5M
KHSO4 1; 2M
MgSO4 1; 2; 2.5M
MnSO4 1; 2; 2.5M
Na2SO3 1; 1.5M
Na2S2O3 1; 2; 3M
Na2SO4 1M
NaHSO4 1; 2M
(NH4)2SO4 1; 2; 3; 4; 4.5M
NiSO4 1M
ZnSO4 1; 2; 2.5M

NO3-

AgNO3 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6M

PO42-

KH2PO4 1M
pH of KP solutions 1M
Na3PO4 0.5M
Na2HPO4 0.5M
NaH2PO4 1M
pH of NaP solutions 1M

I-

KI 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6M
NaI 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7M

Other:

NaN3 1; 2; 3; 4; 5M
KMnO4 0.5M
Na3C6H5O7 1M
Na3C6H5O7 1M

The densities of solutions were taken from "Reference book of chemist". (1964) Volume III, "Chemistry", Moscow-Leningrad, 2nd edition, Ed. B.P.Nikolskij. The original data are available on the page "Densities of salt solutions".









    About the recalculation of recipes for the arbitrary volumes:



    AcO-

    (AcO)2Ca

    Calcium Acetate, C4H6CaO4, Mw=158.17g/MConc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml250ml(AcO)2Ca1M158.2g/M14.6067.91g15.82g39.55gH2O mQ85.39446.245ml92.49ml231.23ml
    1000ml/158.2g/M1M1.5M(AcO)2Ca [g]158.2237.3H2O [ml]924.9884.1%(w/w)14.60621.161H2O %(w/w)85.39478.839p (g/ml) 18oC1.08311.1214

    AcOK

    Potassium Acetate, KCH3CO2, Mw=98.15g/M; (store at NT).
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml150mlKC2H3O21M98.15g/M9.384.908g9.815g14.723gH2O mQ90.6247.42ml94.84ml142.3ml
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml150mlKC2H3O25M98.15g/M40.2924.54g49.08g73.61gH2O mQ59.7136.36ml72.72ml109.07ml
    1000ml/98.15g/M1M2M3M4M5M6M7M8MKC2H3O2[g]98.15196.3294.45392.6490.75588.9687.05785.2H2O [ml]948.35895840.65784.6727.15668.2607.55545.7%(w/w)9.37917.98825.94033.35040.29546.84653.07058.998H2O %(w/w)90.62182.01274.06066.65059.70553.15446.93041.002p (g/ml) 18oC1.04651.09131.13511.17721.21791.25711.29461.3309

    (AcO)2Mg

    Magnesium Acetate, Mg(C2H3O2)2x 4H2O; Mw=214.46g/m; (store at NT).Conc.Stock50ml100ml300mlMg(C2H3O2)2x4H2O1M214.46g/M10.72g21.45g64.34gH2O mQ    0.5M: 10.33%(w/w) Mg(C2H3O2)2x 4H2O, 89.67% H2O; p=1.038, 18oC;
    (none) 1M: 20.44%(w/w) Mg(C2H3O2)2x4H2O, 79.56% H2O; p=1.049.

    AcONa

    Sodium Acetate, Na(CH3COO) x 3H2O; Mw=136.08g/M; (store at NT).Conc.Stock50ml100ml300mlAcONax3H2O3M136.08g/M20.41g40.82g122.5gH2O mQ    
    Na(CH3COO); Mw=82.03g/MConc.Stock50ml100ml300mlAcONa3M82.03g/M12.30g24.61g73.83gH2O mQ    pH5.2 - adjust by glacial acetic acid;
    pH7.0 - adjust by diluted acetic acid;

  • may be treated by DEPC and sterilized by autoclaving.

  • For 500ml of 3M NaAcDesired pH500mlGlacial acetic acid5.905ml5.806ml5.5810ml5.2520ml5.1725ml5.0730ml

    • 1000ml/82.03g/M1M2M3M4MNa(CH3COO) [g]82.03164.06246.09328.12H2O [ml]956.67912.64867.41821.18%(w/w)7.89715.23722.10128.550H2O %(w/w)92.10384.76377.89971.450p (g/ml) 18oC1.03871.07671.11351.1493

    (none) Preparation of 0.1 M Sodium and Potassium Acetate buffers.

    Solution A: 5.75ml glacial acetic acid/liter (0.1M).
    Solution B: 0.1M monobasic Sodium/Potassium Acetate.    

    Desired pHSolution>ASolutionBSolutionASolutionB3.646.3ml3.7ml3.844.0ml6.0ml4.041.0ml9.0ml4.236.8ml13.2ml4.430.5ml19.5ml4.625.5ml24.5ml4.820.0ml30.0ml5.014.8ml35.2ml5.210.5ml39.5ml5.48.8ml41.2ml5.64.8ml45.2ml

    AcONH4

    Ammonium Acetate, CH3COONH4; Mw=77.08g/M; (store at NT).Conc.Stock%(w/w)10ml50ml150mlCH3COONH410M77.08g/M71.847.708g38.54g115.62gH2O mQ28.163.022ml15.11ml45.33ml10M: p=1.073.
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml200mlAcONH47.5M10M76.3037.5ml40.24g75ml80.48g150ml160.95gH2O mQ23.7012.5ml25ml50ml
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml200mlAcONH42.0M10M21.1510ml10.73g20ml21.46g40ml42.92gH2O mQ78.8540ml80ml160ml
    1000ml/77.08g/M1M2M3M4MAcONH4 [g]77.08154.16231.24308.32H2O [ml]938.02875.64811.96747.28%(w/w)7.59314.97022.16629.208H2O %(w/w)92.40785.03077.83470.792p (g/ml) 18oC1.01511.02981.04321.0556


    CO3-

    K2CO3

    Potassium Carbonate, K2CO3, Mw=138.2g/M; 
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml250mlK2CO31M138.2g/M12.416.91g13.82g34.55gH2O mQ87.5948.77ml97.54ml243.85ml
    1000ml/138.2g/M1M2M3M4M5M6MK2CO3 [g]138.2276.4414.6552.8691829.2H2O [ml]975.4941.6900.4853.2802.2737.5%(w/w)12.41022.69331.52939.31746.27652.927H2O %(w/w)87.59077.30768.47160.68353.72447.073p (g/ml) 20oC1.11361.21801.31501.40601.49321.5667

    KHCO3

    Potassium Bicarbonate, KHCO3, Mw=100.1g/M;Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml250mlKHCO31M100.1g/M9.4145.005g10.01g25.03gH2O mQ90.58648.16ml96.32ml240.80ml1M; p=1.0633, 15oC

    Na2CO3

    Sodium Carbonate, Na2CO3, Mw=106.0g/M; 
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml250mlNa2CO31M106.0g/M9.6465.30g10.60g26.50gH2O mQ90.35449.645ml99.29ml248.23ml
    1000ml/106.0g/M1M2MNa2CO3 [g]106212H2O [ml]992.9979.2%(w/w)9.64617.797H2O %(w/w)90.35482.203p (g/ml)1.09891.1912

    NaHCO3

    Sodium Bicarbonate, NaHCO3, Mw=84.01g/M; (store at NT).
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml250mlNaHCO31M84.01g/M7.9434.201g8.401g21.00gH2O mQ92.05748.68ml97.369ml243.42ml1M: p=1.0577, 18oC

    (NH4)2CO3

    Ammonium Carbonate, (NH4)2CO3, Mw=96.09g/M;
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml250ml(NH4)2CO31M96.09g/M9.3174.805g9.609g24.02gH2O mQ90.68346.76ml93.52ml233.80ml
    1000ml/96.09g/M1M2M3M4M5M(NH4)2CO3 [g]96.09192.18288.27384.36480.45H2O [ml]935.21868.92800.63729.84654.75%(w/w)9.31718.11126.47434.49642.323H2O %(w/w)90.68381.88973.52665.50457.677p (g/ml) 15oC1.03131.06111.08891.11421.1352

    Br-

    KBr

    Potassium Bromide, KBr, Mw=119.0g/M; 
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml250mlKBr3M119.0g/M28.66817.85g35.70g89.25gH2O mQ71.33244.415ml88.83ml222.08ml
    1000ml/119.0g/M1M2M3M4M4.5MKBr [g]119238357476535.5H2O [ml]963.1926.3888.3849.3829.5%(w/w)10.99720.44128.66835.91639.231H2O %(w/w)89.00379.55971.33264.08460.769p (g/ml) 20oC1.08211.16431.24531.32531.365

    NaBr

    Sodium Bromide, NaBr, Mw=102.9g/M; 
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml250mlNaBr3M102.9g/M25.12615.435g30.87g77.18gH2O mQ74.87445.995ml91.99ml229.98ml
    1000ml/102.9g/M1M2M3M4M5M5.5MNaBr [g]102.9205.8308.7411.6514.5565.95H2O [ml]973.6947.3919.9891.6862.8848.15%(w/w)9.55917.84825.12631.58437.35640.022H2O %(w/w)90.44182.15274.87468.41662.64459.978p (g/ml) 20oC1.07651.15311.22861.30321.37731.4141


    Cl-

    CaCl2

    Calcium Chloride, CaCl2 Mw=110.98g/M;
    CaCl2x2H2O Mw=147.02g/M;
    CaCl2x 6H2O Mw=219.08g/M; (store at NT).    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml200ml300mlCaCl21M110.98g/M10.225.549g22.20g33.29gH2O mQ89.7848.73ml194.9ml292.4ml
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml200ml300mlCaCl2x2H2O1M147.02g/M13.547.351g29.40g44.11gH2O mQ86.4646.92ml187.7ml281.5ml
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml200ml300mlCaCl2x 6H2O1M219.08g/M20.1810.95g43.82g65.72gH2O mQ79.8243.32ml173.3ml259.9ml
    1000ml/110.98g/M1M2M3M4M5MCaCl2 [g]110.98221.96332.94443.92554.9H2O [ml]974.52945.74913.56877.38838.6%(w/w)10.22419.00826.71033.59739.821H2O %(w/w)89.77680.99273.29066.40360.179p (g/ml) 20oC1.08551.16771.24651.32131.3935

    CoCl2

    Cobaltous Chloride, CoCl2, Mw=129.78g/M; 
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml250mlCoCl2 x 6H2O1M237.9g/M21.38411.895g23.79g59.48gH2O mQ78.61643.73ml87.46ml218.65ml
    1000ml/237.9g/M1M1.5MCoCl2 x 6H2O [g]237.9356.85H2O [ml]874.6809.95%(w/w)21.38430.584H2O %(w/w)78.61669.416p (g/ml) 18oC1.11251.1668

    CsCl

    Cesium Chloride, CsCl, Mw=168.36g/M; 
    Densities and refraction indexes of CsCl solutions.
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml250mlCsC5M168.36g/M51.99842.09g84.18g210.45gH2O mQ48.00238.855ml77.71ml194.28ml
    1000ml/168.36g/M1M2M3M4M5M6M7MCsCl [g]168.36336.72505.08673.44841.81010.161178.52H2O [ml]955.84912.88868.62823.36777.1731.14683.68%(w/w)14.97626.94636.76844.99251.99858.01263.286H2O %(w/w)85.02473.05463.23255.00848.00241.98836.714p (g/ml) 25oC1.12421.24961.37371.49681.61891.74131.8622


    KCl

    Potassium Chloride, KCl, Mw=74.56g/M; (store at NT).Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml200ml300mlKCl1M74.56g/M7.143.728g14.91g22.37gH2O mQ92.8648.49ml193.9ml290.9ml
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml200ml300mlKCl2M74.56g/M13.87.46g29.82g44.74gH2O mQ86.246.54ml186.18ml279.3ml
    1000ml/74.56g/M1M2M3M3.5MKCl [g]74.56149.12223.68260.96H2O [ml]969.84939.28907.02891.34%(w/w)7.13913.70119.78222.647H2O %(w/w)92.86186.29980.21877.353p (g/ml) 20oC1.04441.08841.13071.1523

    LiCl

    Lithium Chloride, LiCl x H2O; Mw=60.41g/M; (store at NT).Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml150ml200mlLiCl x H2O9M60.41g/M45.5227.18g81.55g108.74gH2O mQ54.4832.53ml97.59ml130.12ml
    1000ml/60.41g/M1M2M3M4M5M6MLiCl x H2O [g]60.41120.82181.23241.64302.05362.46H2O [ml]961.89924.18885.77846.86807.45768.04%(w/w)5.90911.56216.98522.19927.22432.062H2O %(w/w)94.09188.43883.01577.80172.77667.938p (g/ml) 20oC1.02231.04501.06701.08851.10951.1305 60.41g/M7M8M9M10M11M12MLiCl x H2O [g]422.87483.28543.69604.1664.51724.92H2O [ml]728.23689.02650.61611.6572.19532.48%(w/w)36.73641.22545.52449.69253.73357.652H2O %(w/w)63.26458.77554.47650.30846.26742.348p (g/ml) 20oC1.15111.17231.19431.21571.23671.2574

    MgCl2

    Magnesium Chloride, MgCl2x6H2O; Mw=203.30g/M; (store at NT).Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml150ml200mlMgCl2x6H2O1M203.30g/M18.9510.17g30.50g40.66gH2O mQ81.0543.49ml130.5ml173.9ml
    1000ml/203.30g/M1M2M3M4MMgCl2x6H2O [g]203.3406.6609.9813.2H2O [ml]869.9737.5601462%(w/w)18.94335.53950.36763.770H2O %(w/w)81.05764.46149.63336.230p (g/ml) 20oC1.07321.14411.21091.2752

    MnCl2

    Manganese Chloride, MnCl2, Mw=125.844g/M; (store at NT).Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml300mlMnCl2x 4H2O1M197.9g/M18.009.895g19.79g59.37gH2O mQ82.0045.08ml90.15ml270.5ml
    1000ml/197.9g/M1M2M3MMnCl2 x 4H2O [g]197.9395.8593.7H2O [ml]901.5800696.2%(w/w)18.00133.09946.027H2O %(w/w)81.99966.90153.973p (g/ml) 18oC1.09941.19581.2899

    NaCl

    Sodium Chloride, NaCl, Mw=58.44g/M; (store at NT).Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml150ml200mlNaCl5M58.44g/M24.6414.61g43.8358.44gH2O mQ75.3644.69ml134.06ml178.74ml
    1000ml/58.44g/M1M2M3M4M5MNaCl [g]58.44116.88175.32233.76292.2H2O [ml]980.16960.22938.88916.64893.5%(w/w)5.62710.85115.73520.32024.644H2O %(w/w)94.37389.14984.26579.68075.356p (g/ml) 20oC1.03861.07711.11421.15041.1857

    NH4Cl

    Ammonium Chloride, NH4Cl, Mw=53.49g/M; 
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml250mlNH4Cl3M53.49g/M15.3718.02g16.05g40.12gH2O mQ84.62944.18ml88.35ml220.88ml
    1000ml/53.49g/M1M2M3M4M5MNH4Cl [g]53.49106.98160.47213.96267.45H2O [ml]961.11922.72883.53843.34802.55%(w/w)5.27210.38915.37120.23624.995H2O %(w/w)94.72889.61184.62979.76475.005p (g/ml) 20oC1.01461.02971.04401.05731.0700

    NiCl2

    Nickel Chloride, NiCl2, Mw=129.60g/M;
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml250mlNiCl21M129.60g/M11.5976.48g12.96g32.40gH2O mQ88.40349.395ml98.79ml246.98ml
    1000ml/129.60g/M1M1.5MNiCl2 [g]129.6194.4H2O [ml]987.9979.3%(w/w)11.59716.563H2O %(w/w)88.40383.437p (g/ml) 18oC1.11751.1737

    RbCl

    Rubidium Chloride, RbCl, Mw=120.92g/M; 
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml250mlRbCl3M120.92g/M27.63318.138g36.28g90.69gH2O mQ72.36747.502ml95.00ml237.51ml
    1000ml/120.92g/M1M2M3M4M5M6MRbCl [g]120.92241.84362.76483.68604.6725.52H2O [ml]980.18944.96950.04901.12861.4789.18%(w/w)10.98220.37727.63334.92841.24147.899H2O %(w/w)89.01879.62372.36765.07258.75952.101p (g/ml) 20oC1.10111.18681.31281.38481.46601.5147

    ZnCl2

    Zinc Chloride, ZnCl2, Mw=136.28g/M; (store at 4oC in tightly closed vessel).Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml150ml200mlZnCl21M136.28g/M12.276.81g20.4g27.3gH2O mQ87.7348.7ml146ml195ml
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml250mlZnCl23M136.28g/M31.27120.44g40.88g102.21gH2O mQ68.72944.93ml89.86ml224.64ml
    1000ml/136.28g/M1M2M3M4M5MZnCl2 [g]136.28272.56408.84545.12681.4H2O [ml]974.72939.34898.56856.98815.5%(w/w)12.26622.49031.27138.87945.521H2O %(w/w)87.73477.51068.72961.12154.479p (g/ml)1.11101.21191.30741.40211.4969 136.28g/M6M7M8M9M10MZnCl2817.68953.961090.241226.521362.8H2O [ml]773.62730.64686.06639.58592.3%(w/w)51.38456.62861.37765.72669.705H2O %(w/w)48.61643.37238.62334.27430.295p (g/ml)1.59131.68461.77631.86611.9551

    ClO4-

    NaClO4

    Sodium Perchlorate, NaClO4, Mw=122.4g/M; 
    Conc.Stock%(w/w)50ml100ml250mlNaClO43M122.4g/M30.02718.36g36.72g91.80gH2O mQ69.97342.785ml85.57ml213.93ml
    1000ml/122.4g/M1M2M3M4MNaClO4 [g]122.4244.8367.2489.6H2O [ml]953904.9855.7805.4%(w/w)11.38221.29330.02737.807H2O %(w/w)88.61878.70769.97362.193p (g/ml) 18oC1.07541.14971.22291.2950


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