dose of 100 mrad/year = 1 mGy/yr.Nominal background radiation dose biological equivalent of 1mrem/year = 10μSv/yr.Occupational whole body limit is 5 rem/yr = 50 μsv/yr. ( Recently proposed that levels...
Each radioisotope has a characteristic rate of decay and pattern of radiation. For example, 14-C is a low energy beta emitter with a half life of 5500 years....
however, it can also be caused by producing unpaired electrons from radiation damage in solid compounds....
Other limitations on window materials are compatibility with high vacuum systems, resistance to radiation damage, and tolerance of thermal stress....
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