5.1 Cast iron Yankee dryers can be up to 6.7 m [22 ft] in diameter, 7.3 m [24 ft] long, and weigh 91,000 Kg [100 tons], or more (refer to Fig. 1
). Vessel thickness measurements are available from the paper/tissue machine operator. Cast iron is a brittle metal and has no specific yield point. Yankee dryers must maintain specific dimensional tolerances. When a pressurized Yankee or steam heated paper dryer (SHPD) remains stationary, it fills with condensate at a rapid rate. In an hour, a steam pressurized Yankee or SHPD can fill half way with condensate, doubling the weight on the frame, and the floor. Some Yankee owners have corporate requirements that a cast iron Yankee dryer remain stationary for 1/2 hour, then rotation is required. Permission is required, if the Yankee is to remain stationary for more time. This issue should be discussed with the responsible person prior to the examination.5.2 Yankee dryers operate under a heated hood. The hood is in close proximity to the Yankee shell and allows only inches of clearance for the top half of the vessel.
5.3 Cast iron steam heated paper machine dryers are 2 m [6 ft] in diameter, or more, and may be 9 m [30 ft] long.
5.4 Grey cast iron experiences a continuing reduction in elastic modulus as it is stressed to increasing higher levels. It is prudent not to stress grey cast iron material beyond its operating stress level.
5.5 Flaws to be found are the same as those in any cast and machined product. Attempts have been made to characterize strength properties of cast irons in compact tension tests. In a TAPPI sponsored laboratory study, two out of three cast iron compact tension specimens experienced unplanned failures. From that experience it was cautioned that cracks initiated and grew faster than expected resulting in brittle fracture before the process could be halted. The failure of these two coupons demonstrated the rate in which cracks can grow in these materials and the material8217;s inability to stop a crack once it begins to grow. In each case, crack advance was extremely rapid and without warning. (See Note 1.)
5.6 Maximum Examination Pressure8212;Maximum Allowable Working Pressure for cast iron vessels is set based on ASME (Section VIII) pressure calculations based on thickness, radius, and material strength values, and will not exceed 10 bar [160 psi] and 230176;C [450176;F] (ASTM A278). When vessels are pressurized, anomalies produce emission at pressures less than normal fill pressure. Historically, if there is damage in a cast iron pressure boundary, AE activity will begin at load/stress levels less than 50 % of operating. Defects as small as 3 mm [1/8 in.] have been found using AE, during steam pressurization to operating pressure.
气流干燥机由热交换器、扬料轮机、干燥管、旋风分离器沙克龙)、关风器、引风机、风机主管、尾气排放管等组成。气流淀粉干燥机结构图在干燥过程中,新鲜洁净的空气,通过热交换器加热后,与从扬料轮机输送来的物料颗粒混合(也可采用特制的密封螺旋输送机输送颗粒物料),并利用热空气做介质,把热能传给物料颗粒,使附着在物料颗粒表面上和一部分含在物料颗粒内部的水分,变成蒸汽而混入干燥管中的气流当中。...
气流淀粉干燥机结构图在干燥过程中,新鲜洁净的空气,通过热交换器加热后,与从扬料轮机输送来的物料颗粒混合(也可采用特制的密封螺旋输送机输送颗粒物料),并利用热空气做介质,把热能传给物料颗粒,使附着在物料颗粒表面上和一部分含在物料颗粒内部的水分,变成蒸汽而混入干燥管中的气流当中。最后利用旋风分离器(沙克龙)、关风器,将物料与空气、水蒸汽分离,从而降低了物料中水分。...
因此,对设备或管道内产生的凝结水量,必须正确的测定或根据计算式求出,为正确选用疏水阀提供条件。 美国克瑞疏水阀用于蒸汽主管、医院消毒器、浓缩装置、圆筒式干燥机、热风式干燥机、硫化机、热交换器、分汽缸、蒸馏器等。超小型、重量轻的ES5型倒吊桶疏水阀适用于染声机、洗涤机器、空调机等。全不锈钢ESU5型倒吊桶疏水阀专为医院用汽设备、食品工业制造。 ...
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