This part of ISO 18185 specifies requirements for the data protection, device authentication and conformance capabilities of electronic seals for communication to and from a seal and its associated reader. These capabilities include the accessibility, confidentiality, data integrity, authentication and non-repudiation of stored data.The protection of this information is provided through a radio-communications interface providing sealidentification and a method to determine whether a freight container’s seal has been opened.This part of ISO 18185 specifies a freight container seal identification system, with an associated system for verifying the accuracy of