5.1 Solar-energy absorptance, reflectance, and transmittance are important in the performance of all solar energy systems ranging from passive building systems to central receiver power systems. This test method provides a means for determining these values under fixed conditions that represent an average that would be encountered during use of a system in the temperate zone.
5.2 Solar-energy absorptance, reflectance, and transmittance are important for thermal control of spacecraft and the solar power of extraterrestrial systems. This test method also provides a means for determining these values for extraterrestrial conditions.
5.3 This test method is designed to provide reproducible data appropriate for comparison of results among laboratories or at different times by the same laboratory and for comparison of data obtained on different materials.
5.4 This test method has been found practical for smooth materials having both specular and diffuse optical properties. Materials that are textured, inhomogeneous, patterned, or corrugated require special consideration.
5.4.1 Surface roughness may be introduced by physical or chemical processes, such as pressing, rolling, etching, or deposition of films or chemical layers on materials, resulting in textured surfaces.
5.4.2 The magnitude of surface roughness with respect to the components of the spectrophotometer and attachments (light beam sizes, sphere apertures, sample holder configuration) can significantly affect the accuracy of measurements using this test method.
5.4.3 Even if the repeatability, or precision of the measurement of textured materials is good, including repeated measurements at various locations within or orientations of the sample, the different characteristics of different spectrophotometers in different laboratories may result in significant differences in measurement results.
5.4.4 In the context of 5.4.3, the term 憇ignificant?means differences exceeding the calibration or measurement uncertainty, or both, established for the spectrophotometers involved, through measurement of or calibration with standard reference materials.
由于目前没有专门针对儿童太阳镜的相关国家标准或行业标准,本次比较试验除了参照相关太阳镜的国家和行业标准外,还参考了上海市制定的社会团体标准《儿童太阳镜》,对样品的镜片材料和表面质量、抗冲击性、防紫外性能、交通讯号透射比、透射比均匀性、可见光透射比、标识(类别和分类、使用限制说明)等指标进行了测试。 ...
白色具有较高的反射比和较低的饱和度,是面粉和其它许多产品的直接或间接的品质指标之一。ISO及许多国家都先后制定了相应的标准并研制了适合各种物料白度测量的测量仪器。针对粉状物料的白度测量,杭州麦哲仪器有限公司生产的WSB-V型白度测定仪具有较好的技术性能。...
白色具有较高的反射比和较低的饱和度,是面粉和其它许多产品的直接或间接的品质指标之一。ISO及许多国家都先后制定了相应的标准并研制了适合各种物料白度测量的测量仪器。针对粉状物料的白度测量,WSB-V型白度测定仪具有较好的技术性能。...
透光率和雾度是透明材料两项十分重要的光学性能指标。通常情况下,透光率高的材料,雾度值低,反之亦然,但有些材料透光率高,雾度值却很大,如毛玻璃。2、雾度测试结果怎么表示?透明材料的散透射比Td与该材料的总透射比Tt的比值被定义为透明材料的雾度,常用百分数表示。若用H代表透明材料的雾度,则有:H=Td/Tt×100%。...
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