ASTM E1676-12
用蚯蚓作实验室土壤毒性试验的标准导则
Standard Guide for Conducting Laboratory Soil Toxicity or Bioaccumulation Tests with the Lumbricid Earthworm Eisenia Fetida and the Enchytraeid Potworm Enchytraeus albidus
- 标准号
- ASTM E1676-12
- 发布
- 2012年
- 发布单位
- 美国材料与试验协会
- 替代标准
- ASTM E1676-12(2021)
- 当前最新
- ASTM E1676-12(2021)
- 引用标准
- ASTM D4447 ASTM D653 ASTM E1023 ASTM E1383 ASTM E1688 ASTM E1706 ASTM E380 ASTM E943
- 适用范围
- 5. Significance and UseTop
Bottom 5.1 Soil toxicity tests provide information concerning the toxicity and bioavailability of chemicals associated with soils to terrestrial organisms. As important members of the soil fauna, lumbricid earthworms and enchytraeid potworms have a number of characteristics that make them appropriate organisms for use in the assessment of potentially hazardous soils. Earthworms may ingest large quantities of soil, have a close relationship with other soil biomasses (for example, invertebrates, roots, humus, litter, and microorganisms), constitute up to 928201;% of the invertebrate biomass of soil, and are important in recycling nutrients (1, 2).4 Enchytraeids contribute up to 5.28201;% of soil respiration, constitute the second-highest biomass in many soils (the highest in acid soils in which earthworms are lacking) and effect considerably nutrient cycling and community metabolism (3-5). Earthworms and potworms accumulate and are affected by a variety of organic and inorganic compounds (2-10, 11-14). In addition, earthworms and potworms are important in terrestrial food webs, constituting a food source for a very wide variety of organisms, including birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fish, insects, nematodes, and centipedes (15, 16, 3). A major change in the abundance of soil invertebrates such as lumbricids or enchytraeids, either as a food source or as organisms functioning properly in trophic energy transfer and nutrient cycling, could have serious adverse ecological effects on the entire terrestrial system.
5.2 A number of species of lumbricids and enchytraeid worms have been used in field and laboratory investigations in the United States and Europe. Although the sensitivity of various lumbricid species to specific chemicals may vary, from their study of four species of earthworms (including E. fetida) exposed to ten organic compounds representing six classes of chemicals, Neuhauser, et al (生物毒性标准汇总
ASTM E1924-1997(2004) 生物荧光双鞭甲藻毒性试验的标准指南 ASTM E1676-1997 用蚯蚓做实验室土壤毒性试验和生物累积试验的标准指南 ASTM E1924-1997 生物荧光双鞭甲藻毒性试验的标准指南 ASTM D5951-1996 毒性和复合质量试验用固态废物塑料的其它生物降解方法制备残留固体的标准操作规程 ASTM D5951-1996...
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