ZH

RU

ES

Chelating agent series

Chelating agent series, Total:156 items.

In the international standard classification, Chelating agent series involves: Products of the chemical industry, Paint ingredients, Fertilizers, Animal feeding stuffs, Organic chemicals, Medical equipment, Construction materials, Chipless working equipment, Adhesives, Materials for aerospace construction.


General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People‘s Republic of China, Chelating agent series

  • GB/T 21884-2008 Textile auxiliaries.Chelating agents.Determination of the capability of chelating
  • GB/T 15916-2012 Surface active agents.Determination of chelating agent content.Titrimetric method
  • GB/T 15916-1995 Surface active agents--Determination of chelating agent content--Titrimetic method
  • GB/T 13173.7-1993 Soaps and detergents.Determination of EDTA (chelating agent) content.Titrimetric method
  • GB 7300.303-2022 Feed additives—Part 3: Minerals and their complexes (or chelates)—Potassium iodate
  • GB/T 13080.2-2005 Determination of chelation percentage of iron、copper、manganese and zinc methionine of gel filtration chromatography

Professional Standard - Chemical Industry, Chelating agent series

  • HG/T 4043-2008 Chelating dispersant
  • HG/T 4654-2014 Textile dyeing and finishing auxiliaries.Chelate dispersing agent.Determination of chelating dispersant (Filtration)
  • HG/T 5161~5162-2017 Mixed refrigerants R404 series and R410 series (2017)

Association Francaise de Normalisation, Chelating agent series

  • XP CEN/TS 17787:2022 Fertilisants - Stabilité des agents chélatants et complexants
  • XP U42-780*XP CEN/TS 17791:2022 Inorganic fertilizers - Determination of chelating and complexing agents
  • XP CEN/TS 17791:2022 Engrais inorganiques - Détermination des agents chélatants et complexants
  • NF U42-509*NF EN 15452:2008 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents - Determination of iron chelated by o,p- EDDHA by reversed phase HPLC
  • XP U42-770*XP CEN/TS 17787:2022 Fertilizing products - Stability of chelating and complexing agents
  • NF EN 15451:2008 Engrais - Dosage des agents chélatants - Dosage du fer chélaté par EDDHSA par chromatographie d'appariement d'ions
  • XP U42-760*XP CEN/TS 17785:2022 Organo-mineral fertilizers - Determination of chelating and complexing agents
  • XP CEN/TS 17785:2022 Engrais organo-minéraux - Détermination des agents chélatants et complexants
  • NF EN 13368-2:2017 Engrais - Détermination des agents chélatants dans les engrais par chromatographie - Partie 2 : Détermination du fer chélaté EDDHA, EDDHMA et HBED, ou de la quantité d'agents chélatants, par chromatographie d'appariement d'ions
  • NF U42-508*NF EN 15451:2008 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents - Determination of iron chelated by EDDHSA by ion pair chromatography
  • NF U42-606-2*NF EN 13368-2:2017 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 2 : Determination of Fe chelated by EDDHA, EDDHMA and HBED, or the amount of chelating agents, by ion pair chromatography
  • XP CEN/TS 17789-2:2022 Engrais organo-minéraux - Identification des agents chélatants - Partie 2 : détermination du Fe chélaté par [o,o] EDDHA, [o,o] EDDHMA et HBED, ou de la quantité d'agents chélatants par chromatographie d'appariement d'ions
  • NF T60-313*NF ISO 4325:1990 Soaps and detergents. Determination of chelating agent content. Titrimetric method.
  • NF ISO 4325:1990 Savons et détergents - Détermination de la teneur en agent séquestrant - Méthode titrimétrique.
  • XP U42-763-2*XP CEN/TS 17789-2:2022 Organo-mineral fertilizers - Identification of chelating agents - Part 2 : determination of Fe chelated by [o,o] EDDHA, [o,o] EDDHMA and HBED, or the amount of chelating agents by ion pair chromatography
  • NF EN 15452:2008 Engrais - Dosage des agents chélatants - Dosage du fer chélaté par o,p-EDDHA par chromatographie liquide à haute performance à polarité de phase inversée
  • XP CEN/TS 17764:2022 Engrais inorganiques - Détermination de la concentration en oligo-éléments libres, chélatés ou complexés et des agents chélatants et/ou complexants présents dans les engrais inorganiques composés à base d'oligo-éléments
  • XP U42-781*XP CEN/TS 17764:2022 Inorganic micronutrient fertilizers - Determination of the concentration of free, chelated or complexed micronutrients and the chelating and/or complexing agents present in compound inorganic micronutrient fertilizers
  • NF U42-607*NF EN 13366:2001 Fertilizers - Treatment with a cation exchange resin for the determination of the chelated micro-nutrient content and of the chelated fraction of micro-nutrients
  • NF U42-606-2:2007 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 2 : determination of Fe chelated by o,o-EDDHA and o,o-EDDHMA by ion pair chromatography.
  • NF U42-606-2:2012 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 2 : determination of Fe chelated by o,o-EDDHA, o,o-EDDHMA and HBED by ion pair chromatography.
  • XP CEN/TS 17789-1:2022 Engrais organo-minéraux - Identification des agents chélatants - Partie 1 : détermination de l'EDTA, de l'HEEDTA et du DTPA par chromatographie ionique
  • XP U42-763-1*XP CEN/TS 17789-1:2022 Organo-mineral fertilizers - Identification of chelating agents - Part 1 : determination of EDTA, HEEDTA and DTPA by ion chromatography
  • NF EN 13368-1:2014 Engrais - Détermination des agents chélatants dans les engrais par chromatographie - Partie 1 : détermination du EDTA, HEEDTA et DTPA par chromatographie ionique
  • NF EN 13368-3:2017 Engrais - Détermination des agents chélatants dans les engrais par chromatographie - Partie 3 : détermination du (S,S)-EDDS par chromatographie d'appariement d'ions
  • NF T76-151:2006 Adhesives, phenolic and aminoplastic, for load-bearing timber structures - Classification and performance requirements.
  • NF T76-151:1992 Adhesives, phenolic and aminoplastic, for load bearing timber structures. Classification and performance requirements.
  • NF U42-606-3*NF EN 13368-3:2017 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 3 : determination of (S,S)-EDDS by ion pair chromatography

European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Chelating agent series

  • FprCEN/TS 17791-2021 Inorganic fertilizers - Determination of chelating and complexing agents
  • CEN/TS 17791:2022 Inorganic fertilizers - Determination of chelating and complexing agents
  • FprCEN/TS 17787-2021 Fertilizing products - Stability of chelating and complexing agents
  • CEN/TS 17787:2022 Fertilizing products - Stability of chelating and complexing agents
  • FprCEN/TS 17785-2021 Organo-mineral fertilizers - Determination of chelating and complexing agents
  • CEN/TS 17785:2022 Organo-mineral fertilizers - Determination of chelating and complexing agents
  • FprCEN/TS 17789-2-2021 Organo-mineral fertilizers - Identification of chelating agents - Part 2: Determination of Fe chelated by [o,o] EDDHA, [o,o] EDDHMA and HBED, or the amount of chelating agents by ion pair chromatography
  • FprCEN/TS 17764-2021 Inorganic fertilizers - Determination of the concentration of free, chelated or complexed micronutrients and the chelating and/or complexing agent present in compound inorganic micronutrient fertilizers
  • EN 15452:2008 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents - Determination of iron chelated by o,p-EDDHA by reversed phase HPLC [Superseded: CEN CEN/TS 15452]
  • EN 13368-2:2012 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 2: Determination of Fe chelated by o,o-EDDHA, o,o-EDDHMA and HBED by ion pair chromatography
  • EN 13368-2:2001 Fertilizers - Determination of Chelating Agents in Fertilizers by Ion Chromatography - Part 2: EDDHA and EDDHMA
  • EN 13368-2:2017 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 2: Determination of Fe chelated by [o@o] EDDHA@ [o@o] EDDHMA and HBED@ or the amount of chelating agents@ by ion pair chromatography
  • EN 13368-1:2001 Fertilizers - Determination of Chelating Agents in Fertilizers by Ion Chromatography - Part 1: EDTA, HEDTA and DTPA
  • CEN EN 13368-1-2001 Fertilizers - Determination of Chelating Agents in Fertilizers by Ion Chromatography - Part 1: EDTA, HEDTA and DTPA
  • FprCEN/TS 17789-1-2021 Organo-mineral fertilizers - Identification of chelating agents - Part 1: Determination of EDTA, HEEDTA and DTPA by ion chromatography

German Institute for Standardization, Chelating agent series

  • DIN CEN/TS 17791:2022-07 Inorganic fertilizers - Determination of chelating and complexing agents; German version CEN/TS 17791:2022
  • DIN CEN/TS 17787:2022-07 Fertilizing products - Stability of chelating and complexing agents; German version CEN/TS 17787:2022
  • DIN EN 15451:2008-11 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents - Determination of iron chelated by EDDHSA by ion pair chromatography; German version EN 15451:2008
  • DIN CEN/TS 17785:2022-07 Organo-mineral fertilizers - Determination of chelating and complexing agents; German version CEN/TS 17785:2022
  • DIN EN 15451:2008 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents - Determination of iron chelated by EDDHSA by ion pair chromatography; German version EN 15451:2008
  • DIN EN 13368-2:2018-03 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 2: Determination of Fe chelated by [o,o] EDDHA, [o,o] EDDHMA and HBED, or the amount of chelating agents, by ion pair chromatography; German version EN 13368-2:2017
  • DIN CEN/TS 17789-2:2022-07 Organo-mineral fertilizers - Identification of chelating agents - Part 2: Determination of Fe chelated by [o,o] EDDHA, [o,o] EDDHMA and HBED, or the amount of chelating agents by ion pair chromatography; German version CEN/TS 17789-2:2022
  • DIN EN 13368-2:2018 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 2: Determination of Fe chelated by [o,o] EDDHA, [o,o] EDDHMA and HBED, or the amount of chelating agents, by ion pair chromatography
  • DIN EN 15452:2008 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents - Determination of iron chelated by o,p- EDDHA by reversed phase HPLC; German version EN 15452:2008
  • DIN EN 15452:2008-11 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents - Determination of iron chelated by o,p- EDDHA by reversed phase HPLC; German version EN 15452:2008
  • DIN CEN/TS 17764:2022-07 Inorganic micronutrient fertilizers - Determination of the concentration of free, chelated or complexed micronutrients and the chelating and/or complexing agents present in compound inorganic micronutrient fertilizers; German version CEN/TS 17764:2022
  • DIN EN 13368-2:2007 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 2: Determination of Fe chelated by o,o-EDDHA and o,o-EDDHMA by ion pair chromatography English version of DIN EN 13368-2:2007-06
  • DIN EN 13366:2001 Fertilizers - Treatment with a cation exchange resin for the determination of the chelated micro-nutrient content and of the chelated fraction of micro-nutrients; German version EN 13366:2001
  • DIN V 18998:2002 Assessment corrosion behaviour of admixtures according the series DIN EN 934
  • DIN EN 13368-2:2012 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 2: Determination of Fe chelated by o,o-EDDHA, o,o-EDDHMA and HBED by ion pair chromatography; German version EN 13368-2:2012
  • DIN EN 2642:1996 Aerospace series - Structural adhesive systems - Adhesive film; technical specification
  • DIN EN 13368-3:2018 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 3: Determination of [S,S]-EDDS by ion pair chromatography
  • DIN EN 13368-3:2018-07 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 3: Determination of [S,S]-EDDS by ion pair chromatography; German version EN 13368-3:2017

British Standards Institution (BSI), Chelating agent series

  • PD CEN/TS 17791:2022 Inorganic fertilizers. Determination of chelating and complexing agents
  • PD CEN/TS 17787:2022 Fertilizing products. Stability of chelating and complexing agents
  • BS DD CEN/TS 15452:2006 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents -Determination of iron chelated by o,p-EDDHA by reversed phase HPLC
  • PD CEN/TS 17785:2022 Organo-mineral fertilizers. Determination of chelating and complexing agents
  • BS EN 13368-3:2017 Fertilizers. Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography. Determination of Fe chelated by [o,o] EDDHA, [o,o] EDDHMA and HBED, or the amount of chelating agents, by ion pair chromatography
  • PD CEN/TS 17789-2:2022 Organo-mineral fertilizers. Identification of chelating agents. Determination of Fe chelated by [o,o] EDDHA, [o,o] EDDHMA and HBED, or the amount of chelating agents by ion pair chromatography
  • BS EN 15451:2008 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents - Determination of iron chelated by EDDHSA by ion pair chromatography
  • BS DD CEN/TS 15451:2006 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents - Determination of iron chelated by EDDHSA by ion pair chromatography
  • BS EN 15452:2008 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents - Determination of iron chelated by o,p-EDDHA by reversed phase HPLC
  • PD CEN/TS 17764:2022 Inorganic micronutrient fertilizers. Determination of the concentration of free, chelated or complexed micronutrients and the chelating and/or complexing agents present in compound inorganic micronutrient fertilizers
  • BS EN 13368-2:2007 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Determination of Fe chelated by o,o-EDDHA and o, o-EDDHMA by ion pair chromatography
  • BS EN 13368-1:2001 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by ion chromatography - EDTA, HEDTA and DTPA
  • BS 3762-3.23:1990 Analysis of formulated detergents. Quantitative test methods. Method for determination of chelating agents content
  • BS EN 13368-2:2012 Fertilizers. Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography. Determination of Fe chelated by o,o-EDDHA, o,o-EDDHMA and HBED by ion pair chromatography
  • PD CEN/TS 17789-1:2022 Organo-mineral fertilizers. Identification of chelating agents. Determination of EDTA, HEEDTA and DTPA by ion chromatography
  • BS 3762 Sec.3.23:1990 Analysis of formulated detergents. Quantitative test methods. Method for determination of chelating agents content
  • BS EN 13368-1:2014 Fertilizers. Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography. Determination of EDTA, HEEDTA and DTPA by ion chromatography

ES-UNE, Chelating agent series

  • UNE-CEN/TS 17791:2022 Inorganic fertilizers - Determination of chelating and complexing agents (Endorsed by Asociación Española de Normalización in May of 2022.)
  • UNE-CEN/TS 17787:2022 Fertilizing products - Stability of chelating and complexing agents (Endorsed by Asociación Española de Normalización in May of 2022.)
  • UNE-CEN/TS 17785:2022 Organo-mineral fertilizers - Determination of chelating and complexing agents (Endorsed by Asociación Española de Normalización in May of 2022.)
  • UNE-EN 13368-2:2018 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 2: Determination of Fe chelated by [o,o] EDDHA, [o,o] EDDHMA and HBED, or the amount of chelating agents, by ion pair chromatography
  • UNE-CEN/TS 17789-2:2022 Organo-mineral fertilizers - Identification of chelating agents - Part 2: Determination of Fe chelated by [o,o] EDDHA, [o,o] EDDHMA and HBED, or the amount of chelating agents by ion pair chromatography (Endorsed by Asociación Española de Normalizaci...
  • UNE-CEN/TS 17764:2022 Inorganic micronutrient fertilizers - Determination of the concentration of free, chelated or complexed micronutrients and the chelating and/or complexing agents present in compound inorganic micronutrient fertilizers (Endorsed by Asociación Española...
  • UNE-EN 4106:2013 Aerospace series - Non-metallic materials - Structural adhesive systems - Paste adhesive - Technical specification (Endorsed by AENOR in March of 2013.)
  • UNE-CEN/TS 17789-1:2022 Organo-mineral fertilizers - Identification of chelating agents - Part 1: Determination of EDTA, HEEDTA and DTPA by ion chromatography (Endorsed by Asociación Española de Normalización in May of 2022.)
  • UNE-EN 13368-3:2018 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 3: Determination of [S,S]-EDDS by ion pair chromatography

CEN - European Committee for Standardization, Chelating agent series

  • PD CEN/TS 15452:2006 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents - Determination of iron chelated by o@p-EDDHA by reversed phase HPLC
  • PD CEN/TS 15451:2006 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents - Determination of iron chelated by EDDHSA by ion pair chromatography
  • EN 13368-2:2007 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 2: Determination of Fe chelated by o@o- EDDHA and o@o-EDDHMA by ion pair chromatography
  • EN 13368-3:2017 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 3: Determination of [S@S]-EDDS by ion pair chromatography

RU-GOST R, Chelating agent series

  • GOST EN 15452-2013 Fertilizers. Determination of chelating agents. Determination of iron chelated by EDDHA by ion pair chromatography
  • GOST EN 15451-2013 Fertilizers. Determination of chelating agents. Determination of iron chelated by EDDHSA by ion pair chromatography
  • GOST EN 13368-2-2016 Fertilizers. Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by ion chromatography. Part 2. Determination of the Fe chelated by o,o- EDDHA, o,o-EDDHMA and HBED by ion pair chromatography

Danish Standards Foundation, Chelating agent series

  • DS/EN 15451:2008 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents - Determination of iron chelated by EDDHSA by ion pair chromatography
  • DS/EN 15452:2008 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents - Determination of iron chelated by o,p-EDDHA by reversed phase HPLC
  • DS/EN 13368-2:2012 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 2: Determination of Fe chelated by o,o-EDDHA, o,o-EDDHMA and HBED by ion pair chromatography
  • DS/EN 13368-1:2001 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by ion chromatography - Part 1: EDTA, HEDTA and DTPA

Lithuanian Standards Office , Chelating agent series

  • LST EN 15451-2008 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents - Determination of iron chelated by EDDHSA by ion pair chromatography
  • LST EN 15452-2008 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents - Determination of iron chelated by o,p-EDDHA by reversed phase HPLC
  • LST EN 13368-2-2012 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 2: Determination of Fe chelated by o,o-EDDHA, o,o-EDDHMA and HBED by ion pair chromatography
  • LST EN 13368-1-2001 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by ion chromatography - Part 1: EDTA, HEDTA and DTPA
  • LST EN 13368-1-2014 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 1: Determination of EDTA, HEEDTA and DTPA by ion chromatography

AENOR, Chelating agent series

  • UNE-EN 15451:2008 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents - Determination of iron chelated by EDDHSA by ion pair chromatography
  • UNE-EN 15452:2008 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents - Determination of iron chelated by o,p-EDDHA by reversed phase HPLC
  • UNE 55544:1992 SOAPS AND DETERGENTS. DETERMINATION OF SEQUESTERING AGENT CONTENT. TITRIMETRIC METHOD.
  • UNE-EN 13368-2:2012 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 2: Determination of Fe chelated by o,o-EDDHA, o,o-EDDHMA and HBED by ion pair chromatography
  • UNE-EN 13368-1:2014 Fertilizers - Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by chromatography - Part 1: Determination of EDTA, HEEDTA and DTPA by ion chromatography

(U.S.) Ford Automotive Standards, Chelating agent series

United States Navy, Chelating agent series

Hunan Provincial Standard of the People's Republic of China, Chelating agent series

Group Standards of the People's Republic of China, Chelating agent series

中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局、中国国家标准化管理委员会, Chelating agent series

Korean Agency for Technology and Standards (KATS), Chelating agent series

  • KS M ISO 4325:2003 Soaps and detergents-Determination of chelating agent content-Titrimetric method
  • KS M ISO 4325-2003(2018) Soaps and detergents-Determination of chelating agent content-Titrimetric method
  • KS F 4935-2008(2018) Sealer of injection type for water leakage maintenance of adhesive flexible rubber asphalt series

BE-NBN, Chelating agent series

  • NBN-ISO 4325:1994 Soaps and detergents - Determination of chelating agent content - Titrimetric method
  • NBN T 63-141-1980 Soaps and detergents - Determination of EDTA content (sequestering agent) - Titrimetric method

International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Chelating agent series

  • ISO 4325:1990 Soaps and detergents; determination of chelating agent content; titrimetric method
  • ISO 4325:1977 Soaps and detergents — Determination of EDTA content (sequestering agent) — Titrimetric method

KR-KS, Chelating agent series

CZ-CSN, Chelating agent series

  • CSN 68 1157-1994 Testing methods for surfactans and detergents. Determination of chelating agent content

TR-TSE, Chelating agent series

  • TS 3118-1978 Percentage Of Hydrogen Perokide In Bleach Baths

国家市场监督管理总局、中国国家标准化管理委员会, Chelating agent series

  • GB/T 38100-2019 Refrigerant blends R407 series
  • GB 7300.301-2019 Feed additives—Part 3:Minerals and their complexes (or chelates)—Potassium iodide
  • GB 7300.302-2019 Feed additives—Part 3:Minerals and their complexes (or chelates)—Sodium selenite

工业和信息化部, Chelating agent series

Professional Standard - Agriculture, Chelating agent series

  • NY/T 2694-2015 Determination of complexation (chelation) strengths of manganese-amino acids and manganese-proteinates as feed additives

农业农村部, Chelating agent series

  • NY/T 3802-2020 Determination of complex (chelate) strength of amino acid zinc and protein zinc in feed additives

国家药监局, Chelating agent series

  • YY/T 0719.9-2021 Ophthalmic optical contact lens care products Part 9: Determination of chelating agents

Aerospace, Security and Defence Industries Association of Europe (ASD), Chelating agent series

  • ASD-STAN PREN 2642-1996 Aerospace Series Structural Adhesive Systems Adhesive Film Technical Specification Edition P1 (Edition P 1)
  • ASD-STAN PREN 4106-2001 Aerospace Series Non-Metallic Meterials Structural Adhesive Systems Paste Adhesive Technical Specification (Edition P 1)

Professional Standard - Petrochemical Industry, Chelating agent series

中国石油化工总公司, Chelating agent series

ASD-STAN - Aerospace and Defence Industries Association of Europe - Standardization, Chelating agent series

  • PREN 4106-2001 Aerospace Series Non-Metallic Meterials Structural Adhesive Systems Paste Adhesive Technical Specification (Edition P 1)

Standard Association of Australia (SAA), Chelating agent series

  • AS/NZS 4364:1996 Adhesives, phenolic and aminoplastic for load-bearing timber structures: Classification and performance requirements

NL-NEN, Chelating agent series

  • NEN-EN 301-1993 Adhesives, phenolic and aminoplastic, for load-bearing timber structures. Classification and performance requirements

European Association of Aerospace Industries, Chelating agent series

Professional Standard - Petroleum, Chelating agent series





Copyright ©2007-2023 ANTPEDIA, All Rights Reserved