71.040.50 (Physicochemical methods of analysis) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D7515-09(2014) 采用气相色谱法41测定1,3丙二醇纯度40的标准试验方法

4.1 Knowledge of an approved method is required to establish whether the product meets the requirements of its specifications. The use of glycols in the reference sample is not intended to suggest the presence of glycol (EG, PG and DPG) impurities, but to demonstrate and quantify the separation of commonly used Engine Coolant glycols from PDO. 1.1 This test method describes the gas chromatographic determination of purity for 1,3-propanediol (PDO). This test method was originally developed to determine the purity of 1,3-propanediol used for the application as the freeze point depressant base fluid in formulated PDO engine coolants. Use of the method for purity of PDO for other applications may be viable. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 Review the current Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first aid procedures, and safety precautions. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Purity of 1,3-Propanediol 40;Gas Chromatographic Method41;

ASTM D6919-09 用离子色谱法测定水及废水中溶解的碱及碱土阳离子及铵的标准试验方法

This method is applicable to the simultaneous determination of dissolved alkali and alkaline earth cations and ammonium in water and wastewaters. Alkali and alkaline earth cations are traditionally determined by using spectroscopic techniques, such as AAS or ICP; whereas ammonium can be measured by using a variety of wet chemical methods, including colorimetry, ammonia-selective electrode, and titrimetry. However, ion chromatography provides a relatively straightforward method for the simultaneous determination of cations, such as lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and ammonium, in fewer than 20–30 min.1.1 This test method is valid for the simultaneous determination of the inorganic alkali and alkaline earth cations, lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium, as well as the ammonium cation in reagent water, drinking water, and wastewaters by suppressed and nonsuppressed ion chromatography. 1.2 The anticipated range of the method is 0.05–200 mg/L. The specific concentration ranges tested for this method for each cation were as follows (measured in mg/L): Lithium0.4–10.0 Sodium4.0–40.0 Ammonium0.4–10.0 Potassium1.2–20.0 Magnesium2.4–20.0 Calcium4.0–40.0 1.2.1 The upper limits may be extended by appropriate dilution or by the use of a smaller injection volume. In some cases, using a larger injection loop may extend the lower limits. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 It is the user's responsibility to ensure the validity of these test methods for waters of untested matrices. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For hazards statements specific to this test method, see 8.3.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Dissolved Alkali and Alkaline Earth Cations and Ammonium in Water and Wastewater by Ion Chromatography

ASTM E1829-09 先于表面分析的样品处置标准指南

Proper handling and preparation of specimens is particularly critical for analysis. Improper handling of specimens can result in alteration of the surface composition and unreliable data. Specimens should be handled carefully so as to avoid the introduction of spurious contaminants. The goal must be to preserve the state of the surface so that analysis remains representative of the original subject. AES, XPS, and SIMS are sensitive to surface layers that are typically a few nanometres thick. Such thin layers can be subject to severe perturbations from improper specimen handling (1). This guide describes methods to minimize the effects of specimen handling on the results obtained using surface-sensitive analytical techniques. It is intended for the specimen owner or the purchaser of surface analytical services and the surface analyst. Because of the wide range of types of specimens and desired information, only broad guidelines and general examples are presented here. The optimum handling procedures will be dependent on the particular specimen and the needed information. It is recommended that the specimen supplier consult the surface analyst as soon as possible with regard to specimen history, the specific problem to be solved or information needed, and the particular specimen preparation or handling procedures required. The surface analyst also is referred to Guide E 1078 that discusses additional procedures for preparing, mounting, and analysis of specimens.1.1 This guide covers specimen handling and preparation prior to surface analysis and applies to the following surface analysis disciplines: 1.1.1 Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), 1.1.2 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS or ESCA), and 1.1.3 Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). 1.1.4 Although primarily written for AES, XPS, and SIMS, these methods may also apply to many surface-sensitive analysis methods, such as ion scattering spectrometry, low-energy electron diffraction, and electron energy loss spectroscopy, where specimen handling can influence surface-sensitive measurements. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Handling Specimens Prior to Surface Analysis

ASTM D6756-09 用便携式可见分光光度计测定柴油燃料和燃油红染料浓度并且评估ASTM颜色的标准试验方法

In the United States, high sulfur content (defined by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)) middle distillate products and diesel fuel used for off-road purposes, other than aviation turbine fuel, are required by government agencies to contain red dye. The dye concentration required to be present in high sulfur and off-road diesel products is regulated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the United States Internal Revenue Service, respectively. Some fuels that are readily exchanged in the market have a color specification. The color of the base fuel is masked by the presence of the red dye. This test method provides a means of estimating the base color of Number 1 and Number 2 diesel fuel and heating oil in the presence of red dye. The test method provides a means to indicate conformance to contractual and legal requirements.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the red dye concentration of diesel fuel and heating oil and the estimation of the ASTM color of undyed and red-dyed diesel fuel and heating oil. The test method is appropriate for use with diesel fuel and heating oil of Grades 1 and 2 described in Specifications D 396, D 975, D 2880 and D 3699. Red dye concentrations are determined at levels equivalent to 0.1 to 20 mg/L of Solvent Red 26 in samples with ASTM colors ranging from 0.5 to 5. The ASTM color of the base fuel of red-dyed samples with concentration levels equivalent to 0.1 to 20 mg/L of Solvent Red 26 is estimated for the ASTM color range from 0.5 to 5. The ASTM color of undyed samples is estimated over the ASTM color range of 0.5 to 5. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of the Red Dye Concentration and Estimation of the ASTM Color of Diesel Fuel and Heating Oil Using a Portable Visible Spectrophotometer

ASTM D6756-09a 使用便携式可视光谱检测仪测定红染料浓度和估算柴油和加热油 ASTM色彩的标准试验方法

In the United States, high sulfur content (defined by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)) middle distillate products and diesel fuel used for off-road purposes, other than aviation turbine fuel, are required by government agencies to contain red dye. The dye concentration required to be present in high sulfur and off-road diesel products is regulated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the United States Internal Revenue Service, respectively. Some fuels that are readily exchanged in the market have a color specification. The color of the base fuel is masked by the presence of the red dye. This test method provides a means of estimating the base color of Number 1 and Number 2 diesel fuel and heating oil in the presence of red dye. The test method provides a means to indicate conformance to contractual and legal requirements.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the red dye concentration of diesel fuel and heating oil and the estimation of the ASTM color of undyed and red-dyed diesel fuel and heating oil. The test method is appropriate for use with diesel fuel and heating oil of Grades 1 and 2 described in Specifications D396, D975, D2880 and D3699. Red dye concentrations are determined at levels equivalent to 0.1 to 20 mg/L of Solvent Red 26 in samples with ASTM colors ranging from 0.5 to 5. The ASTM color of the base fuel of red-dyed samples with concentration levels equivalent to 0.1 to 20 mg/L of Solvent Red 26 is estimated for the ASTM color range from 0.5 to 5. The ASTM color of undyed samples is estimated over the ASTM color range of 0.5 to 5. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of the Red Dye Concentration and Estimation of the ASTM Color of Diesel Fuel and Heating Oil Using a Portable Visible Spectrophotometer

ASTM E1915-09 分析含金属矿石和有关材料中碳、硫和酸碱特性的标准试验方法

These test methods are primarily intended to test materials for compliance with compositional specifications and for monitoring. The determination of carbon and sulfur and acid neutralization potential in ores and related materials is necessary to classify ores for metallurgical processing and to classify waste materials from the mining and processing of ores such as leach residues, waste rock, and tailings according to their potential to generate acid in the environment. This information is useful during mine development to assist in mining and mineral processing operations and for proper disposal of waste materials. These test methods are also used to speciate carbon and sulfur contents of metal-bearing ores and related materials so that acid-base accounting can be performed (that is, carbonate mineral acid neutralization potential (ANP) minus sulfide-sulfur mineral acid generation potential (AGP) = net calcium carbonate (NCC)). Additionally, the test method has utility to identify the amount of organic carbon contained in gold ores so that potential for preg robbing can be identified and rectified through established pretreatment methods prior to cyanidation. (Warning8212;Pyrolysis pretreatment at 550 °C has a potential to thermally decompose some carbonate minerals: (1) transition metal carbonates (for example, siderite, FeCO3, and rhodochrosite, MnCO3) decompose, yielding carbon dioxide, CO2, in the range of 220 °C to 520 °C; (2) calcite decomposes slightly between 300 °C and 500 °C, although most decomposition occurs above 550 °C; (3) dolomite decomposes at 800 °C to 900 °C (Hammack, 1994, p. 440). ) These test methods also may be used for the classification of rock to be used in construction, where the potential to generate acid under environmental conditions exists. It is assumed that the users of these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory and that proper waste disposal procedures will be followed. Appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882 must be followed.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of total carbon and sulfur and acid-base characteristics in metal bearing ores and related materials such as leach residues, tailings, and waste rock within the following ranges: 1.2 The quantitative ranges for the partial decomposition test methods are dependent on the mineralogy of the samples being tested. The user of these test methods is advised to conduct an interlaboratory study in accordance with Practice E1601 on the test methods selected for use at a particular mining site, in order to establish the quantitative ranges for these test methods on a site-specific basis.

Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Metal Bearing Ores and Related Materials for Carbon, Sulfur, and Acid-Base Characteristics

ASTM E2719-09 荧光仪器校准和鉴定标准指南

By following the general guidelines (Section 5) and instrument calibration methods (Sections 6-16) in this guide, users should be able to more easily conform to good laboratory and manufacturing practices (GXP) and comply with regulatory and QA/QC requirements, related to fluorescence measurements. Each instrument parameter needing calibration (for example, wavelength, spectral responsivity) is treated in a separate section. A list of different calibration methods is given for each instrument parameter with a brief usage procedure. Precautions, achievable precision and accuracy, and other useful information are also given for each method to allow users to make a more informed decision as to which method is the best choice for their calibration needs. Additional details for each method can be found in the references given.1.1 This guide (1) lists the available materials and methods for each type of calibration or correction for fluorescence instruments (spectral emission correction, wavelength accuracy, and so forth) with a general description, the level of quality, precision and accuracy attainable, limitations, and useful references given for each entry. 1.2 The listed materials and methods are intended for the qualification of fluorometers as part of complying with regulatory and other quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) requirements. 1.3 Precision and accuracy or uncertainty are given at a 1 σ confidence level and are approximated in cases where these values have not been well established. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Fluorescencex2014;Instrument Calibration and Qualification

ASTM E925-09 光谱狭缝宽度不超过2nm的紫外线-可见光分光光度计的校准监测的标准实施规程

This practice permits an analyst to compare the performance of an instrument to the manufacturer''s supplied performance specifications and to verify its suitability for continued routine use. It also provides generation of calibration monitoring data on a periodic basis, forming a base from which any changes in the performance of the instrument will be evident.1.1 This practice covers the parameters of spectrophotometric performance that are critical for testing the adequacy of instrumentation for most routine tests and methods within the wavelength range of 200 to 700 nm and the absorbance range of 0 to 2. The recommended tests provide a measurement of the important parameters controlling results in spectrophotometric methods, but it is specifically not to be inferred that all factors in instrument performance are measured. 1.2 This practice may be used as a significant test of the performance of instruments for which the spectral bandwidth does not exceed 2 nm and for which the manufacturer''s specifications for wavelength and absorbance accuracy do not exceed the performance tolerances employed here. This practice employs an illustrative tolerance of ±1 % relative for the error of the absorbance scale over the range of 0.2 to 2.0, and of ±1.0 nm for the error of the wavelength scale. A suggested maximum stray radiant power ratio of 4 × 10-4 yields <1 % absorbance bias at an absorbance of 2. These tolerances are chosen to be compatible with many chemical applications while comfortably exceeding the uncertainty of the certified values for the reference materials and typical manufacturer''s specifications for error in the wavelength and absorbance scales of the instrument under test. The user is encouraged to develop and use tolerance values more appropriate to the requirements of the end use application. This procedure is designed to verify quantitative performance on an ongoing basis and to compare one instrument''s performance with that of other similar units. Refer to Practice E275 to extensively evaluate the performance of an instrument. 1.3 This practice should be performed on a periodic basis, the frequency of which depends on the physical environment within which the instrumentation is used. Thus, units handled roughly or used under adverse conditions (exposed to dust, chemical vapors, vibrations, or combinations thereof) should be tested more frequently than those not exposed to such conditions. This practice should also be performed after any significant repairs are made on a unit, such as those involving the optics, detector, or radiant energy source. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Monitoring the Calibration of Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometers whose Spectral Slit Width does not Exceed 2 nm

ASTM D5399-09 气相色谱法测定烃类溶剂沸点分布的标准试验方法

The gas chromatographic determination of the boiling point distribution of hydrocarbon solvents can be used as an alternative to conventional distillation methods for control of solvents quality during manufacture, and specification testing. Boiling point distribution data can be used to monitor the presence of product contaminants and compositional variation during the manufacture of hydrocarbon solvents. Boiling point distribution data obtained by this test method are not equivalent to those obtained by Test Methods D86, D850, D1078, D2887, D2892, and D3710.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling point distribution of hydrocarbon solvents by capillary gas chromatography. This test method is limited to samples having a minimum initial boiling point of 37°C (99°F), a maximum final boiling point of 285°C (545°F), and a boiling range of 5 to 150°C (9 to 270°F) as measured by this test method. 1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are standard. The values given in parentheses are for information purposes only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Boiling Point Distribution of Hydrocarbon Solvents by Gas Chromatography

ASTM E2719-09(2014) 荧光仪器校准和鉴定用标准指南

4.1 By following the general guidelines (Section 5) and instrument calibration methods (Sections 6 – 16) in this guide, users should be able to more easily conform to good laboratory and manufacturing practices (GXP) and comply with regulatory and QA/QC requirements, related to fluorescence measurements. 4.2 Each instrument parameter needing calibration (for example, wavelength, spectral responsivity) is treated in a separate section. A list of different calibration methods is given for each instrument parameter with a brief usage procedure. Precautions, achievable precision and accuracy, and other useful information are also given for each method to allow users to make a more informed decision as to which method is the best choice for their calibration needs. Additional details for each method can be found in the references given. 1.1 This guide (1)2 lists the available materials and methods for each type of calibration or correction for fluorescence instruments (spectral emission correction, wavelength accuracy, and so forth) with a general description, the level of quality, precision and accuracy attainable, limitations, and useful references given for each entry. 1.2 The listed materials and methods are intended for the qualification of fluorometers as part of complying with regulatory and other quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) requirements. 1.3 Precision and accuracy or uncertainty are given at a 1 σ confidence level and are approximated in cases where these values have not been well established.3 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Fluorescencemdash;Instrument Calibration and Qualification

ASTM D5128-09 在线测量低导电水pH的标准试验方法

pH measurements are typically made in solutions that contain relatively large amounts of acid, base, or dissolved salts. Under these conditions, pH determinations may be made quickly and precisely. Continuous on-line pH measurements in water samples of low conductivity are more difficult (4, 5). These low ionic strength solutions are susceptible to contamination from the atmosphere, sample stream hardware, and the pH electrodes. Variations in the constituent concentration of low conductivity waters cause liquid junction potential shifts (see 3.1.1) resulting in pH measurement errors. The aggressive nature and the high electrical resistance of pure and ultra-pure, low conductivity waters may degrade the pH measurement electrodes resulting in unstable and drifting pH output signals. It is essential to make on-line pH measurements of low conductivity water as accurately as possible to determine the proper control of pH adjustment chemicals, the effectiveness of demineralizer equipment, the event and nature of impurity contamination of the water, and information pertaining to the overall status of the pure water system. 1.1 This test method covers the precise on-line determination of pH in water samples of conductivity lower than 100 μS/cm (see Table 1 and Table 2) over the pH range of 3 to 11 (see Fig. 1), under field operating conditions, utilizing a sealed, non-refillable, reference electrode. pH measurements of water of low conductivity are problematical for conventional pH electrodes, methods, and related measurement apparatus. 1.2 This test method includes the procedures and equipment required for the continuous pH measurement of low conductivity water sample streams including the requirements for the control of sample stream pressure, flow rate, and temperature. For off-line pH measurements in low conductivity samples, refer to Test Method D 5464. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. TABLE 1 Calculated Conductivity and pH Values at 25°C of Low Concentrations of NaOH in Pure Water A Note 18212;This table tabulates the theoretical conductivity and pH values of low levels of NaOH in pure water as calculated from available thermodynamic data. Note 28212;To illustrate the high sensitivity of the sample pH at these low concentrations to contaminants, the last column lists errors that would result if the sample were contaminated with an additional 1 mg/L through sample or equipment handling errors. Sample Concentration, mg/LSample Conductivity, μS/cmSample pHΔ pH Error from Additional 1 mg/L NaOH Contaminate 0.001 0.055 7.05Δ 2.35 0.010 0.082

Standard Test Method for On-Line pH Measurement of Water of Low Conductivity

ASTM D6132-08 用超声波仪表对外施的有机涂层的干膜厚度进行无损测量的标准试验方法

p>Many coating properties are markedly affected by the film thickness of the dry film such as adhesion, flexibility, and hardness. To be able to compare results obtained by different operators, it is essential to measure film thickness carefully. Most protective and high performance coatings are applied to meet a requirement or a specification for the dry-film thickness of each coat, or for the complete system, or both. Coatings must be applied within certain minimum and maximum thickness tolerances in order that they can fulfill their intended function. In addition to potential performance deficiencies, it is uneconomical to apply more material than necessary when coating large areas such as floors and walls. Surface roughness can affect the accuracy of this test method. A rough surface has a tendency to scatter the ultrasonic pulse and odd readings may occur occasionally. This test method may not be applicable to measure organic coating thickness on all substrates. The instrument's ability to detect a distinct interface between the coating and the substrate may be impeded if the coating and the substrate are of similar composition or if the coating is non-homogeneous. Verify operation on a known thickness of the coating/substrate combination if these circumstances are thought to exist. Multilayered coatings have many interfaces and the instrument will measure to the interface separating the two most acoustically different materials. Some instruments have the ability to detect and measure the individual layer thicknesses in a multi-layer system. The use of this test method is not necessarily limited by the type of substrate material as nondestructive magnetic-type or eddy current means.1.1 This test method covers the use of ultrasonic film thickness gages to measure accurately and nondestructively the dry film thickness of organic coatings applied over a substrate of dissimilar material. Measurements may be made on field structures, on commercially manufactured products, or on laboratory test specimens. These types of gages can accurately measure the dry film thickness of organic coatings on concrete, wood and wallboard substrates. 1.2 This test method is not applicable to coatings that will be readily deformable under load of the measuring instrument as the instrument probe is placed directly on the coating surface to take a reading. 1.3 The effective range of instruments using the principle of ultrasonics is limited by gage design. A thickness range of 0.3 to 600 mils (8 μm to 15 mm) has been demonstrated. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Applied Organic Coatings Using an Ultrasonic Gage

ASTM E2409-08 一、二、三和四甘醇中甘醇杂质的标准试验方法(气相色谱法)

Knowledge of the impurities is required to establish whether the product meets the requirements of its specifications.1.1 This test method describes the gas chromatographic determination of glycol impurities in Mono-, Di- Tri- and Tetraethylene Glycol (MEG, DEG, TEG and TeEG) in the range of 5 to 3000 mg/kg. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 Review the current Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first aid procedures, and safety precautions. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Glycol Impurities in Mono-, Di-, Tri- and Tetraethylene Glycol (Gas Chromatographic Method)

ASTM D6144-08 用毛细管气相色谱对AMS(α-甲基苯乙烯)分析的标准试验

This test method is suitable for setting specifications on the materials referenced in 1.2 and for use as an internal quality control tool where AMS is produced or is used in a manufacturing process. It may also be used in development or research work involving AMS. This test method is useful in determining the purity of AMS with normal impurities present. If extremely high boiling or unusual impurities are present in the AMS, this test method would not necessarily detect them and the purity calculation would be erroneous.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the purity of AMS (α-methylstyrene) by gas chromatography. Calibration of the gas chromatography system is done by the external standard calibration technique. 1.2 This test method has been found applicable to the measurement of impurities such as cumene, 3-methyl-2-cyclopentene-1-one, n-propylbenzene, tert-butylbenzene, sec-butylbenzene, cis-2-phenyl-2-butene, acetophenone, 1-phenyl-1-butene, 2-phenyl-2-propanol, trans-2-phenyl-2-butene, m-cymene, p-cymene, and phenol, which are common to the manufacturing process of AMS. The method has also been found applicable for the determination of para-tertiary-butylcatechol typically added as a stabilizer to AMS. The impurities in AMS can be analyzed over a range of 5 to 800 mg/kg by this method. (See Table 1.) The limit of detection for these impurities is typically in the range of 5 to 10 mg/kg. (See Table 1.) 1.3 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E 29. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.

Standard Test Method for Analysis of AMS (x03B1;-Methylstyrene) by Capillary Gas Chromatography

ASTM C1163-08 测定使用氟化钕α光谱法用的锕系素的试验方法

The determination of actinides by alpha spectrometry is an essential function of many environmental programs. Alpha spectrometry allows the identification and quantification of most alpha-emitting actinides. Although numerous separation methods are used, the final sample preparation technique has historically been by electrodeposition. However, electrodeposition may have some drawbacks, such as time required, incompatibility with prior chemistry, thick deposits, and low recoveries. These problems may be minimized using the neodymium fluoride method. The sample mounting technique described in this practice is rapid, adds an additional purification step, since only those elements that form insoluble fluorides are mounted, and the sample and filter media can be dissolved and remounted if problems occur. The recoveries are better and resolution approaches normal electrodeposited samples. Recoveries are sufficiently high that for survey work, if quantitative recoveries are not necessary, tracers can be omitted. Drawbacks to this technique include use of very hazardous hydrofluoric acid and the possibility of a non-reproducible and ill-defined counting geometry from filters that are not flat. Also, although the total turn around time for coprecipitation may be less than for electrodeposition, coprecipitation requires more time and attention from the analyst.1.1 This practice covers the preparation of separated fractions of actinides for alpha spectrometry as an alternate to electrodeposition. It is applicable to any of the actinides that can be dissolved in dilute hydrochloric acid. Examples of applicable samples would be the final elution from an ion exchange separation or the final strip from a solvent extraction separation. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 9.

Standard Practice for Mounting Actinides for Alpha Spectrometry Using Neodymium Fluoride

ASTM E1852-08 用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定碳和低合金钢中锑低含量的标准试验方法

p>This test method is utilized for the determination of trace levels of antimony in carbon and low-alloy steel. It is assumed that the procedure will be performed by trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory practices skillfully and safely. It is expected that the work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory and proper waste disposal procedures will be followed. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of antimony in carbon and low-alloy steel in the 0.0005 % through 0.010 % range. 1.2 If this test method is used to test materials having contents less than 0.001 % antimony, users of different laboratories will experience more than the usual 5 % risk that their results will differ by more than 50 % relative error. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Low Levels of Antimony in Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

ASTM D7442-08a 通过感应耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱测量法进行元素分析用流化床催化裂化催化剂的试样制备的标准实施规程

The chemical composition of catalyst and catalyst materials is an important indicator of catalyst performance and is a valuable tool for assessing parameters in a FCCU process. This practice will be useful to catalyst manufacturers and petroleum refiners for quality verification and performance evaluation, and to environmental authorities at the state and federal levels for evaluation and verification of various compliance programs. Catalysts and catalyst type materials are difficult to prepare for analysis by ICP, and although the techniques presented in this practice are common, there is wide variation among laboratories in sample pretreatment and digestion recipes. This practice is intended to standardize these variables in order to facilitate the utility of comparative data among manufacturers, refiners, and regulatory agencies.1.1 This practice covers uniform dissolution techniques for preparing samples of fluid catalytic cracking catalysts (FCC) and exchanged zeolitic materials for analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES). These techniques describe standardized approaches to well-known, widely used laboratory practices of sample preparation utilizing acid digestions and borate salt fusions. This practice is applicable to fresh and equilibrium FCC catalysts and exchanged zeolite materials. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Sample Preparation of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalysts and Zeolites for Elemental Analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy

ASTM E2193-08 单乙二醇的紫外线透射率的标准试验方法(紫外线光谱测定法)

Knowledge of the ultraviolet transmittance of monoethylene glycol is required to establish whether the product meets the requirements of its quality specifications. Dissolved oxygen in organic solvents, such as MEG, forms complexes that shift the solvent absorption from the vacuum ultraviolet range into the measurable UV range (near 190 to 250 nm). Monoethylene glycol has a UV absorption peak at 180 nm. For MEG-oxygen complexes, this peak is shifted to a longer wavelength, thus increasing the absorbability at 220 nm. However, this effect is not observed in water. There is no significant measurable effect due to dissolved oxygen in water that would require nitrogen sparging prior to using for collection of the reference spectrum. Nitrogen sparging and re-measurement of suspect or borderline glycol samples at 220 nm can be used as a tool to rule out or confirm the presence of UV affecting contaminants other than oxygen.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the determination of the transmittance of monoethylene glycol (1,2-ethanediol; MEG) at wavelengths in the region 220 to 350 nm. The results provide a measure of the purity of the sample with respect to ultraviolet absorbing compounds. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 Review the current Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first aid procedures, and safety precautions.

Standard Test Method for Ultraviolet Transmittance of Monoethylene Glycol (Ultraviolet Spectrophotometric Method)

ASTM E2040-08(2014) 热重分析仪质量刻度校准的标准试验方法

5.1 This test method calibrates or demonstrates conformity of thermogravimetric apparatus at ambient conditions. Most thermogravimetry analysis experiments are carried out under temperature ramp conditions or at isothermal temperatures distant from ambient conditions. This test method does not address the temperature effects on mass calibration. 5.2 In most thermogravimetry experiments, the mass change is reported as weight percent in which the observed mass at any time during the course of the experiment is divided by the original mass of the test specimen. This method of reporting results assumes that the mass scale of the apparatus is linear with increasing mass. In such cases, it may be necessary only to confirm the performance of the instrument by comparison to a suitable reference. 5.3 When the actual mass of the test specimen is recorded, the use of a calibration factor to correct the calibration of the apparatus may be required, on rare occasions. 1.1 This test method describes the calibration or performance confirmation of the mass (or weight) scale of thermogravimetric analyzers and is applicable to commercial and custom-built apparatus. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this test method. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Mass Scale Calibration of Thermogravimetric Analyzers

ASTM E1127-08 俄歇电子能谱学中的深度压形的标准指南

Auger electron spectroscopy yields information concerning the chemical and physical state of a solid surface in the near surface region. Nondestructive depth profiling is limited to this near surface region. Techniques for measuring the crater depths and film thicknesses are given in (1). Ion sputtering is primarily used for depths of less than the order of 1 μm. Angle lapping or mechanical cratering is primarily used for depths greater than the order of 1 μm. The choice of depth profiling methods for investigating an interface depends on surface roughness, interface roughness, and film thickness (2). The depth profile interface widths can be measured using a logistic function which is described in Practice E 1636.1.1 This guide covers procedures used for depth profiling in Auger electron spectroscopy. 1.2 Guidelines are given for depth profiling by the following: Section Ion Sputtering 6 Angle Lapping and Cross-Sectioning 7 Mechanical Cratering 8 Mesh Replica Method9 Nondestructive Depth Profiling 10 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Depth Profiling in Auger Electron Spectroscopy