83.080.01 (Plastics in general) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D1712-03 塑料抗硫化物污染的标准操作规程

Plastic compositions containing salts of lead, cadmium, copper, antimony, and certain other metals (as stabilizers, pigments, driers, or fillers) may stain due to the formation of a metallic sulfide when in contact with external materials that contain sulfide. The external sulfide source may be liquid, solid, or gas. Examples of materials that may cause sulfide stains are rubber, industrial fumes, foods, kraft paper, etc. This practice provides a means of estimating the relative susceptibility of plastic composition to sulfide staining.1.1 This practice covers the determination of the resistance of plastics to staining in the presence of sulfides.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precaution statements, see Section 6.Note 18212;There is no equivalent ISO standard.

Standard Practice for Resistance of Plastics to Sulfide Staining

ASTM D6869-03 用卡尔.费歇尔反应(碘水反应)进行塑料中水分的库仑定量法及容量测定的标准试验方法

Moisture will affect the processability of some plastics. High moisture content causes surface imperfections (that is, splay or bubbling) or degradation by hydrolysis. Low moisture (with high temperature) causes polymerization. The physical properties of some plastics are affected by the moisture content.1.1 This method uses the reaction of Iodine (I 2) with water (Karl Fischer Reaction) to determine the amount of moisture in a polymer sample.1.2 This test method is intended to be used for the determination of moisture in most plastics. Plastics containing volatile components such as residual monomers and plasticizers are capable of releasing components that will interfere with the I2/water reaction.1.3 This method is suitable for measuring moisture over the range of 0.005 to 100 %. Sample size shall be adjusted to obtain an accurate moisture measurement.1.4 The values stated in SI units are regarded as the standard.Note 18212;This standard is technically equivalent to ISO 15512 Method B.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Coulometric and Volumetric Determination of Moisture in Plastics Using the Karl Fischer Reaction (the Reaction of Iodine with Water)

ASTM D6869-03(2011) 通过卡氏水分反应(碘水反应)对塑料中水分进行库仑定量和体积定量的标准试验方法

Moisture will affect the processability of some plastics. High moisture content causes surface imperfections (that is, splay or bubbling) or degradation by hydrolysis. Low moisture (with high temperature) causes polymerization. The physical properties of some plastics are affected by the moisture content.1.1 This method uses the reaction of Iodine (I2) with water (Karl Fischer Reaction) to determine the amount of moisture in a polymer sample. 1.2 This test method is intended to be used for the determination of moisture in most plastics. Plastics containing volatile components such as residual monomers and plasticizers are capable of releasing components that will interfere with the I2/water reaction. 1.3 This method is suitable for measuring moisture over the range of 0.005 to 100 %. Sample size shall be adjusted to obtain an accurate moisture measurement. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are regarded as the standard. Note 18212;This standard is technically equivalent to ISO 15512 Method B. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Coulometric and Volumetric Determination of Moisture in Plastics Using the Karl Fischer Reaction (the Reaction of Iodine with Water)

ASTM F2003-02(2015) 空气中γ辐射后超高分子量聚乙烯加速老化的标准实施规程

4.1 This practice summarizes a method that may be used to accelerate the oxidation of UHMWPE components using elevated temperature and elevated oxygen pressure. Under real-time conditions, such as shelf aging and implantation, oxidative changes to UHMWPE after sterilization using high energy radiation may take months or years to produce changes that may result in deleterious mechanical performance. The method outlined in this practice permits the evaluation of oxidative stability in a relatively short period of time (for example, weeks). 4.2 This practice may also be used to oxidize UHMWPE test specimens and joint replacement components prior to characterization of their physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. In particular, this practice may be used for accelerated aging of UHMWPE components prior to evaluation in a hip or knee joint wear simulator as outlined in Guide F1714 (hip wear), Guide F1715 (knee wear), ISO8201;14242 (hip wear), or ISO8201;14243 (knee wear), or combination thereof. 1.1 It is the intent of this practice to permit an investigator to evaluate the oxidative stability of UHMWPE materials as a function of processing and sterilization method. This practice describes a laboratory procedure for accelerated aging of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) specimens and components for total joint prostheses. The UHMWPE is aged at elevated temperature and at elevated oxygen pressure, to accelerate oxidation of the material and thereby allow for the evaluation of its long-term chemical and mechanical stability. 1.2 Although the accelerated-aging method described by this practice will permit an investigator to compare the oxidative stability of different UHMWPE materials, it is recognized that this method may not precisely simulate the degradative mechanisms for an implant during real-time shelf aging and implantation. 1.3 The accelerated aging method specified herein has been validated based on oxidation levels exhibited by certain shelf-aged UHMWPE components packaged in air and sterilized with gamma radiation. The method has not been shown to be representative of shelf aging when the UHMWPE is packaged in an environment other than air. For example, this practice has not been directly correlated with the shelf life of components that have been sealed in a low-oxygen package, such as nitrogen. This practice is not intended to simulate any change that may occur in UHMWPE following implantation. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Accelerated Aging of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene after Gamma Irradiation in Air

ASTM D4364-02 用集中自然光进行塑料的户外加速老化试验的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers the use of Fresnel-reflecting concentrators that use the sun as a source of ultraviolet (UV) and longer-wavelength radiation. Such devices are used in the outdoor-accelerated-exposure testing of plastics.1.2 This practice provides a procedure for performing outdoor-accelerated-exposure testing of plastics using a Fresnel-reflector outdoor-accelerated weathering test machine. The apparatus is described herein and in Practice G 90 more completely.1.3 This practice is applicable to a range of plastic materials including, but not limited to, plastic films, sheets, laminates, and extruded and molded products in a variety of shapes and sizes, as specified in .1.4 This practice describes test conditions that attempt to simulate plastics exposures in desert and subtropical climates. Specimen preparation, property testing procedures, and the evaluation of results are covered in existing test methods or specifications for specific materials.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.Note 18212;This standard and ISO 877.2-1991, Method C, are technically equivalent.

Standard Practice for Performing Outdoor Accelerated Weathering Tests of Plastics Using Concentrated Sunlight

ASTM D5947-02 固体塑料样品物理尺寸的标准试验方法

1.1 These test methods cover determination of the physical dimensions of solid plastic specimens where the dimensions are used directly in determining the results of tests for various properties. Use these test methods except as otherwise required in material specifications. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 18212;There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.

Standard Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid Plastics Specimens

ASTM F2003-02 空气中a－射线辐射后的超高分子重量聚乙烯加速老化的标准实施规程

This practice summarizes a method that may be used to accelerate the oxidation of UHMWPE components using elevated temperature and elevated oxygen pressure. Under real-time conditions, such as shelf aging and implantation, oxidative changes to UHMWPE after sterilization using high energy radiation may take months or years to produce changes that may result in deleterious mechanical performance. The method outlined in this practice permits the evaluation of oxidative stability in a relatively short period of time (for example, weeks). This practice may also be used to oxidize UHMWPE test specimens and joint replacement components prior to characterization of their physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. In particular, this practice may be used for accelerated aging of UHMWPE components prior to evaluation in a hip or knee joint wear simulator as outlined in Guide F 1714 (hip wear), Guide F 1715 (knee wear), ISO 14242 (hip wear), or ISO 14243 (knee wear), or combination thereof.1.1 It is the intent of this practice to permit an investigator to evaluate the oxidative stability of UHMWPE materials as a function of processing and sterilization method. This practice describes a laboratory procedure for accelerated aging of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) specimens and components for total joint prostheses. The UHMWPE is aged at elevated temperature and at elevated oxygen pressure, to accelerate oxidation of the material and thereby allow for the evaluation of its long-term chemical and mechanical stability.1.2 Although the accelerated-aging method described by this practice will permit an investigator to compare the oxidative stability of different UHMWPE materials, it is recognized that this method may not precisely simulate the degradative mechanisms for an implant during real-time shelf aging and implantation.1.3 The accelerated aging method specified herein has been validated based on oxidation levels exhibited by certain shelf-aged UHMWPE components packaged in air and sterilized with gamma radiation. The method has not been shown to be representative of shelf aging when the UHMWPE is packaged in an environment other than air. For example, this practice has not been directly correlated with the shelf life of components that have been sealed in a low-oxygen package, such as nitrogen. This practice is not intended to simulate any change that may occur in UHMWPE following implantation.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Accelerated Aging of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene after Gamma Irradiation in Air

ASTM D638-02 塑料拉伸特性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tensile properties of unreinforced and reinforced plastics in the form of standard dumbbell-shaped test specimens when tested under defined conditions of pretreatment, temperature, humidity, and testing machine speed.1.2 This test method can be used for testing materials of any thickness up to 14 mm (0.55 in.). However, for testing specimens in the form of thin sheeting, including film less than 1.0 mm (0.04 in.) in thickness, Test Methods D882 is the preferred test method. Materials with a thickness greater than 14 mm (0.55 in.) must be reduced by machining.1.3 This test method includes the option of determining Poisson's ratio at room temperature. Note 18212;This test method and ISO 527-1 are technically equivalent. Note 28212;This test method is not intended to cover precise physical procedures. It is recognized that the constant rate of crosshead movement type of test leaves much to be desired from a theoretical standpoint, that wide differences may exist between rate of crosshead movement and rate of strain between gage marks on the specimen, and that the testing speeds specified disguise important effects characteristic of materials in the plastic state. Further, it is realized that variations in the thicknesses of test specimens, which are permitted by these procedures, produce variations in the surface-volume ratios of such specimens, and that these variations may influence the test results. Hence, where directly comparable results are desired, all samples should be of equal thickness. Special additional tests should be used where more precise physical data are needed.Note 38212;This test method may be used for testing phenolic molded resin or laminated materials. However, where these materials are used as electrical insulation, such materials should be tested in accordance with Test Methods D229 and Test Method 651.Note 48212;For tensile properties of resin-matrix composites reinforced with oriented continuous or discontinuous high modulus >20-GPa (>3.0 106-psi) fibers, tests shall be made in accordance with Test Method D3039/D3039M.1.4 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics

ASTM D4674-02 暴露在室内荧光灯和透窗入室日光下的塑料颜色稳定性加速试验的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers an accelerated procedure intended to determine the resistance to color change of plastics in typical office environments, where overhead fluorescent light and window-filtered daylight are used for illumination, and where temperature and humidity conditions are in accordance with American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Airconditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) recommendations for workers' comfort.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, is any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 6.

Standard Test Method for Accelerated Testing for Color Stability of Plastics Exposed to Indoor Fluorescent Lighting and Window-Filtered Daylight

ASTM F2214-02 超高分子量交联聚乙烯网络参数现场测定的标准试验方法

This test method is designed to produce data indicative of the degree of crosslinking in ultra high molecular weight polyethylene that has been crosslinked chemically or by ionizing radiation. The results are sensitive to the test temperature, solvent, and method used. For the comparison of data between institutions, care must be taken to have the same test conditions and reagents. The data can be used for dose uniformity analysis, fundamental research, and quality assurance testing.1.1 This test method describes how the crosslink density, molecular weight between crosslinks, and number of repeat units between crosslinks in ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) crosslinked by ionizing radiation or by chemical means can be determined by measuring the swelling ratio of samples immersed in o-xylene. Examples of experimental techniques used to make these measurements are discussed herein.1.2 The test method reported here measures the change in height of a sample specimen while it is immersed in the solvent. Volumetric swell ratios assume that the sample is crosslinked isotropically, and that the change in dimension will be uniform in all directions. This technique avoids uncertainty induced by solvent evaporation or temperature change.1.3 SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method forIn Situ Determination of Network Parameters of Crosslinked Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE)

ASTM D732-02 用穿孔工具测量塑料剪切强度的标准试验方法

Shear strength obtained by a tool of the punch type is one of the recognized methods of comparing materials or obtaining data for engineering design. However, it must be recognized that for end-use application there may be many factors not taken into account in this test method, such as stress-concentrating geometries and rates of shear, which can profoundly affect shear strength. Moreover, the fact that the shear strength is calculated by dividing the load by the area of the sheared edge (circumference X thickness) should not be interpreted as indicating that the shear strength value so obtained is solely a material property, independent of thickness. For many materials, there may be a specification that requires the use of this test method, but with some procedural modifications that take precedence when adhering to the specification. Therefore, it is advisable to refer to that material specification before using this test method. Table 1 of Classification System D 4000 lists the ASTM materials standards that currently exist.1.1 This test method covers the punch-type of shear test and is intended for use in determining the shear strength of test specimens of organic plastics in the form of sheets and molded disks in thicknesses from 0.127 to 12.7 mm (0.050 to 0.500 in.).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 18212;There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

Standard Test Method for Shear Strength of Plastics by Punch Tool

ASTM D1708-02 用微型抗拉试样对塑料抗拉特性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers certain material specifications for which a history of data has been obtained using the standard microtensile specimen. The specimen geometry has been changed to be equivalent to that of ISO 12086-2:1955. In general, this test method is superseded for general use by either Test Methods D 882 or Test Method D 638. The very small Type V specimen in Test Method D 638 is the recommended specimen when limited amounts of material are available.1.2 This test method covers the determination of the comparative tensile strength and elongation properties of plastics in the form of standard microtensile test specimens when tested under defined conditions of pretreatment, temperature, humidity, and testing machine speed. It can be used for specimens of any thickness up to 3.2 mm (1/8 in.), including thin films.1.3 This test method cannot be used for the determination of modulus of elasticity. For the determination of modulus, see Test Method D 638 or Test Methods D 882.1.4 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 18212;There is no equivalent or similar ISO standard.

Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics By Use of Microtensile Specimens

ASTM D3763-02 用载荷和位移传感器测试塑料的高速穿孔特性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of puncture properties of plastics, including films, over a range of test velocities. 1.2 Test data obtained by this test method is relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 18212;This specification does not closely conform to ISO 6603.2. The only similarity between the two tests is that they are both instrumented impact tests. The differences in striker, fixture, and specimen geometries and in test velocity can produce significantly different test results.

Standard Test Method for High Speed Puncture Properties of Plastics Using Load and Displacement Sensors

ASTM D1043-02 用扭转试验法测定温度对塑料强度变化的标准试验方法

The property measured by this test is the apparent modulus of rigidity, G, sometimes called the apparent shear modulus of elasticity. It is important to note that this property is not the same as the modulus of elasticity, E, measured in tension, flexure, or compression. The relationship between these properties is shown in Annex A1. The measured modulus of rigidity is termed “apparent” since it is the value obtained by measuring the angular deflection occurring when the specimen is subjected to an applied torque. Since the specimen may be deflected beyond its elastic limit, the calculated value may not represent the true modulus of rigidity within the elastic limit of the material. In addition, the value obtained by this test method will also be affected by the creep characteristics of the material, since the load application time is arbitrarily fixed. For many materials, there may be a specification that requires the use of this test method, but with some procedural modifications that take precedence when adhering to the specification. Therefore, it is advisable to refer to that material specification before using this test method. Table 1 in Classification D 4000 lists the current ASTM materials standards. This test method is useful for determining the relative changes in stiffness over a wide range of temperatures.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the stiffness characteristics of plastics over a wide temperature range by direct measurement of the apparent modulus of rigidity.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 18212;This test method is not equivalent to ISO 458/1:1985 or ISO 458/2:1985 and results cannot be directly compared between the two methods.

Standard Test Method for Stiffness Properties of Plastics as a Function of Temperature by Means of a Torsion Test

ASTM D695-02 硬质塑料抗压特性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mechanical properties of unreinforced and reinforced rigid plastics, including high-modulus composites, when loaded in compression at relatively low uniform rates of straining or loading. Test specimens of standard shape are employed.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only. Note 18212;For compressive properties of resin-matrix composites reinforced with oriented continuous, discontinuous, or cross-ply reinforcements, tests may be made in accordance with Test Method D 3410.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given in Note 11. Note 28212;This test method is technically equivalent to ISO 604.

Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics

ASTM E2113-02 变形分析仪长度变化校准的标准试验方法

1.1 This method describes calibration of the length change (deflection) measurement or thermal expansion of thermomechanical analyzers (TMA) over the temperature range from -100 to 600C using the thermal expansion of a suitable reference material.1.2 Computer or electronic based instruments, techniques or data treatment equivalent to this method may be used. Note 18212;Users are advised that all such instruments or techniques may not be equivalent. It is the responsibility of the user to determine necessary equivalency prior to use.1.3 SI values are the standard.1.4 This method differs from ISO standard 11359-1 by providing an alternative calibration procedure. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Length Change Calibration of Thermomechanical Analyzers

ASTM D953-02 塑料支承强度的标准试验方法

This bearing strength test for plastics is intended to apply in the specification of various thermoplastic or thermosetting products in sheet form where rivets, bolts, or similar fastenings are to be used in joining members or sections. It also is intended to apply wherever sheet materials of the classes indicated are required to sustain edgewise loads that are applied by means of pins or rods of circular cross section which pierce the sheet perpendicular to the surface. The purpose of the test is to determine the bearing strength of the material and to show the bearing stress versus the deformation of the hole. The allowable deformation of the hole in the material should be such as to produce no looseness of joints. While it is a known fact that higher strength materials will generally give higher bearing strengths, there is no satisfactory method by which bearing strength may be estimated from tensile or compressive properties of the material. Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the specification of the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions or testing parameters or combination thereof covered in the relevant ASTM materials specification shall take precedence over those in this test method. If there are no relevant ASTM material specifications then the default conditions apply.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the bearing strength of rigid plastics in either sheet or molded form. Procedure A is applicable for tension loading and Procedure B for compression loading.1.2 Test data obtained by this test method is relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 18212;There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

Standard Test Method for Bearing Strength of Plastics

ASTM F2003-02(2008) 空气中a－射线辐射后的超高分子重量聚乙烯加速老化的标准方法

This practice summarizes a method that may be used to accelerate the oxidation of UHMWPE components using elevated temperature and elevated oxygen pressure. Under real-time conditions, such as shelf aging and implantation, oxidative changes to UHMWPE after sterilization using high energy radiation may take months or years to produce changes that may result in deleterious mechanical performance. The method outlined in this practice permits the evaluation of oxidative stability in a relatively short period of time (for example, weeks). This practice may also be used to oxidize UHMWPE test specimens and joint replacement components prior to characterization of their physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. In particular, this practice may be used for accelerated aging of UHMWPE components prior to evaluation in a hip or knee joint wear simulator as outlined in Guide F 1714 (hip wear), Guide F 1715 (knee wear), ISO 14242 (hip wear), or ISO 14243 (knee wear), or combination thereof.1.1 It is the intent of this practice to permit an investigator to evaluate the oxidative stability of UHMWPE materials as a function of processing and sterilization method. This practice describes a laboratory procedure for accelerated aging of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) specimens and components for total joint prostheses. The UHMWPE is aged at elevated temperature and at elevated oxygen pressure, to accelerate oxidation of the material and thereby allow for the evaluation of its long-term chemical and mechanical stability. 1.2 Although the accelerated-aging method described by this practice will permit an investigator to compare the oxidative stability of different UHMWPE materials, it is recognized that this method may not precisely simulate the degradative mechanisms for an implant during real-time shelf aging and implantation. 1.3 The accelerated aging method specified herein has been validated based on oxidation levels exhibited by certain shelf-aged UHMWPE components packaged in air and sterilized with gamma radiation. The method has not been shown to be representative of shelf aging when the UHMWPE is packaged in an environment other than air. For example, this practice has not been directly correlated with the shelf life of components that have been sealed in a low-oxygen package, such as nitrogen. This practice is not intended to simulate any change that may occur in UHMWPE following implantation. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Accelerated Aging of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene after Gamma Irradiation in Air

ASTM F2214-02(2008) 超高分子量交联聚乙烯网络参数现场测定的标准试验方法

This test method is designed to produce data indicative of the degree of crosslinking in ultra high molecular weight polyethylene that has been crosslinked chemically or by ionizing radiation. The results are sensitive to the test temperature, solvent, and method used. For the comparison of data between institutions, care must be taken to have the same test conditions and reagents. The data can be used for dose uniformity analysis, fundamental research, and quality assurance testing.1.1 This test method describes how the crosslink density, molecular weight between crosslinks, and number of repeat units between crosslinks in ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) crosslinked by ionizing radiation or by chemical means can be determined by measuring the swelling ratio of samples immersed in o-xylene. Examples of experimental techniques used to make these measurements are discussed herein. 1.2 The test method reported here measures the change in height of a sample specimen while it is immersed in the solvent. Volumetric swell ratios assume that the sample is crosslinked isotropically, and that the change in dimension will be uniform in all directions. This technique avoids uncertainty induced by solvent evaporation or temperature change. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for In Situ Determination of Network Parameters of Crosslinked Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE)

ASTM D1042-01a 加速工作条件下塑料线性尺寸变化测试方法

1.1 This test method is designed to provide a means for measuring in plastic specimens the dimensional changes resulting from exposure to service conditions. In particular, this test method is suitable for measuring shrinkage or elongation developed under specific oven and water conditionings.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1--There is no similar or comparable ISO standard.

Standard Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Plastics Under Accelerated Service Conditions