H25 金属化学性能试验方法 标准查询与下载

ASTM A262-10 探测奥氏体不锈钢晶间腐蚀敏感度的标准实施规程

1.1 These practices cover the following five tests: 1.1.1 Practice A8212;Oxalic Acid Etch Test for Classification of Etch Structures of Austenitic Stainless Steels (Sections 3 to 7, inclusive), 1.1.2 Practice B8212;Ferric Sulfate–Sulfuric Acid Test for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels (Sections 8 to 14, inclusive), 1.1.3 Practice C8212;Nitric Acid Test for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels (Sections 15 to 21, inclusive), 1.1.4 Practice E8212;Copper–Copper Sulfate–Sulfuric Acid Test for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels (Sections 22 to 31, inclusive), and 1.1.5 Practice F8212;Copper–Copper Sulfate–50 % Sulfuric Acid Test for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Molybdenum-Bearing Austenitic Stainless Steels (Sections 32 to 38, inclusive). 1.2 The following factors govern the application of these practices: 1.2.1 Susceptibility to intergranular attack associated with the precipitation of chromium carbides is readily detected in all six tests. 1.2.2 Sigma phase in wrought chromium-nickel-molybdenum steels, which may or may not be visible in the microstructure, can result in high corrosion rates only in nitric acid. 1.2.3 Sigma phase in titanium or columbium stabilized alloys and cast molybdenum-bearing stainless alloys, which may or may not be visible in the microstructure, can result in high corrosion rates in both the nitric acid and ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid solutions. 1.3 The oxalic acid etch test is a rapid method of identifying, by simple etching, those specimens of certain stainless steel grades that are essentially free of susceptibility to intergranular attack associated with chromium carbide precipitates. These specimens will have low corrosion rates in certain corrosion tests and therefore can be eliminated (screened) from testing as “acceptable.” 1.4 The ferric sulfate–sulfuric acid test, the copper–copper sulfate–50 % sulfuric acid test, and the nitric acid test are based on weight loss determinations and, thus, provide a quantitative measure of the relative performance of specimens evaluated. In contrast, the copper–copper sulfate–16 % sulfuric acid test is based on visual examination of bend specimens and, therefore, classifies the specimens only as acceptable or nonacceptable. 1.5 In most cases either the 15-h copper–copper sulfate–16 % sulfuric acid test or the 120-h ferric sulfate–sulfuric acid test, combined with the oxalic acid etch test, will provide the required information in the shortest time. All stainless grades listed in the accompanying table may be evaluated in these combinations of screening and corrosion tests, except those specimens of molybdenum-bearing grades (for example 316, 316L, 317, and 317L), whi......

Standard Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels

ASTM B808-10 水晶微量天平监测大气腐蚀室的标准试验方法

Corrosion film growth with thicknesses varying from a monolayer of atoms up to 1 μm can readily be measured on a continuous, real-time, in-situ, basis with QCMs. The test results obtained for this test method are influenced by various factors, including geometrical effects, temperature, humidity, film thickness, film materials, electrode conditions, gases in the corrosion chamber, atmospheric pressure, and so forth. Calibration of coated crystals and instrumentation and reproducible crystal operating conditions are necessary for consistent results.1.1 This test method monitors the reactivity of a gaseous test environment in which metal surfaces (for example, electrical contacts, assembled printed wiring boards, and so forth) and other materials subject to pollutant gas attack undergo accelerated atmospheric corrosion testing. This test method is applicable to the growth of adherent corrosion films whose total corrosion film thickness ranges from a few atomic monolayers to approximately a micrometre. 1.2 The test method provides a dynamic, continuous, in-situ, procedure for monitoring the corrosion rate in corrosion chambers; the uniformity of corrosion chambers; and the corrosion rate on different surfaces. Response time in the order of seconds is possible. 1.3 With the proper samples, the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) test method can also be used to monitor the weight loss from a surface as a result of the desorption of surface species (that is, reduction of an oxide in a reducing atmosphere). (Alternative names for QCM are quartz crystal oscillator, piezoelectric crystal oscillator, or thin-film evaporation monitor.) 1.4 This test method is not sufficient to specify the corrosion process that may be occurring in a chamber, since a variety of pollutant gases and environments may cause similar weight gains. 1.5 This test method is generally not applicable to test environments in which solid or liquid particles are deposited on the surface of the quartz crystal. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Monitoring of Atmospheric Corrosion Chambers by Quartz Crystal Microbalances

ASTM D7376-10a 镀层金属盘材的潮湿堆放储存条件的室外评估的标准实施规程

This practice provides for periodic testing for resistance to wet conditions during storage to compare the relative performance of specific combinations of coatings, substrates, and/or pretreatments used on coil-coated metal. The results must be considered relative and do not indicate absolute performance. When stored improperly, coil-coated building panel stacks can be exposed to rainwater, which flows into gaps between panels by capillary action or gravity, and remains in the gaps because of poor drainage conditions. Such a condition is known as a “wet stack” and may cause blistering and corrosion of the painted surfaces. This practice simulates such improper storage conditions. Because the outdoor environment shows year-to-year seasonal and geographic climate variation, the absolute amount of degradation based on corrosion and blistering may vary (see Appendix X1). Temperature, rain, humidity, and storage practices are important factors in wet stack corrosion. Corrosion and blistering will accelerate with increased temperature. The preferred test location is south of 27°N latitude in Florida. Other locations may be used, but differences in temperature and moisture must be considered, and the amount of corrosion and blistering are expected to vary considerably with climate. Test sites must have the instrumentation to measure and record ambient temperature and rainfall as in Practice G7. This practice is not meant to support the field storage of coil-coated metal in any way other than what is recommended by the manufacturer.1.1 This practice is used to determine the resistance to corrosion and blistering of coil-coated metal products relative to one another when stacked outdoors under direct weathering conditions in which they are wetted by rain and dew. 1.2 The coil-coated product variables evaluated may include, but are not limited to, substrates, pretreatments, primers, topcoats, and backers. 1.3 This test simulates a stacked building panel bundle stored at a job site in wet outdoor conditions. The results from panels tested during the same time period at the same physical location may be used to compare products as an indicator of relative field performance. Environments with higher temperature and moisture levels accelerate corrosion and blistering. 1.4 This standard does not endorse the storage of level (that is, 0° from horizontal) building panels stacks in wet outdoor conditions. Level storage of building panels is not recommended and is used in this standard for evaluation only. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Outdoor Evaluation of Wet Stack Storage Conditions on Coil-Coated Metals

ASTM G90-10 使用集中自然光对非金属材料进行加速室外候化的标准实施规程

Results obtained from this practice can be used to compare the relative durability of materials subjected to the specific test cycle used. No accelerated exposure test can be specified as a total simulation of natural or field exposures. Results obtained from this practice can be considered as representative of natural or field exposures only when the degree of comparative performance has been established for the specific materials being tested. The relative durability of materials in natural or field exposure can be very different depending on the location of the exposure because of differences in UV radiation, time of wetness, temperature, pollutants, and other factors. Therefore, even if results from a specific accelerated test condition are found to be useful for comparing the relative durability of materials exposed in a particular exterior location, it cannot be assumed that they will be useful for determining relative durability for a different location. The use of a single acceleration factor relating the rate of degradation in this accelerated exposure to the rate of degradation in a conventional exterior exposure is not recommended because the acceleration factor varies with the type and formulation of the material. Each material and formulation may respond differently to the increased level of irradiance and differences in temperature and humidity. Thus an acceleration factor determined for one material may not be applicable to other materials. Because of variability in test results under both accelerated and conventional exterior exposures results from a sufficient number of tests must be obtained to determine an acceleration factor for a material. Further, the acceleration factor is applicable to only one exterior exposure location because results from conventional exterior exposures can vary due to seasonal or annual differences in important climatic factors. Variations in results may be expected when operating conditions vary within the limits of this practice. For example, there can be large differences in the amount of degradation in a single material between separate, although supposedly identical, exposures carried out for the same duration or number of exposure cycles. This practice is best used to compare the relative performance of materials tested at the same time in the same fresnel reflector device. Because of possible variability between the same type of exposure device and variability in irradiance, temperature and moisture levels at different times, comparing the amount of degradation in materials exposed for the same duration or radiant energy at separate times is not recommended. This practice should not be used to establish a “pass/fail” approval of materials after a specific period of exposure unless performance comparisons are made relative to a control material exposed simultaneously, or the variability in the test is defined so that statistically significant pass/fail judgements can be made. It is strongly recommended that at least one control test specimen be exposed with each test. The control test specimen should meet the requirements of Terminology G113, and be chosen so that its failure mode is the same as that of the test specimen. It is preferable to use two control test specimens, one with relatively good durability and one with relatively poor durability. The use of at least two replicates of each control test specimen and each material being evaluated is recommended. Consult Guide G169 for performing statistical analysis.1.1 Fresnel-reflecting concentrators using the sun as source are utilized in the accelerated outdoor exposure testing of nonmetallic materials.......

Standard Practice for Performing Accelerated Outdoor Weathering of Nonmetallic Materials Using Concentrated Natural Sunlight

ASTM G32-10 使用振动装置检测气蚀侵蚀的标准试验方法

This test method may be used to estimate the relative resistance of materials to cavitation erosion as may be encountered, for instance, in pumps, hydraulic turbines, hydraulic dynamometers, valves, bearings, diesel engine cylinder liners, ship propellers, hydrofoils, and in internal flow passages with obstructions. An alternative method for similar purposes is Test Method G 134, which employs a cavitating liquid jet to produce erosion on a stationary specimen. The latter may be more suitable for materials not readily formed into a precisely shaped specimen. The results of either, or any, cavitation erosion test should be used with caution; see 5.8. Some investigators have also used this test method as a screening test for materials subjected to liquid impingement erosion as encountered, for instance, in low-pressure steam turbines and in aircraft, missiles or spacecraft flying through rainstorms. Practice G 73 describes another testing approach specifically intended for that type of environment. This test method is not recommended for evaluating elastomeric or compliant coatings, some of which have been successfully used for protection against cavitation or liquid impingement of moderate intensity. This is because the compliance of the coating on the specimen may reduce the severity of the liquid cavitation induced by its vibratory motion. The result would not be representative of a field application, where the hydrodynamic generation of cavitation is independent of the coating. Note 18212;An alternative approach that uses the same basic apparatus, and is deemed suitable for compliant coatings, is the “stationary specimen” method. In that method, the specimen is fixed within the liquid container, and the vibrating tip of the horn is placed in close proximity to it. The cavitation “bubbles” induced by the horn (usually fitted with a highly resistant replaceable tip) act on the specimen. While several investigators have used this approach (see X3.2.3), they have differed with regard to standoff distances and other arrangements. The stationary specimen approach can also be used for brittle materials which can not be formed into a threaded specimen nor into a disc that can be cemented to a threaded specimen, as required for this test method (see 7.6). This test method should not be directly used to rank materials for applications where electrochemical corrosion or solid particle impingement plays a major role. However, adaptations of the basic method and apparatus have been used for such purposes (see 9.2.5, 9.2.6, and X3.2). Guide G 119 may be followed in order to determine the synergism between the mechanical and electrochemical effects. Those who are engaged in basic research, or concerned with very specialized applications, may need to vary some of the test parameters to suit their purposes. However, adherence to this test method in all other respects will permit a better understanding and correlation between the results of different investigators. Because of the nonlinear nature of the erosion-versus-time curve in cavitation and liquid impingement erosion, the shape of that curve must be considered in making comparisons and drawing conclusions. See Section 11. The results of this test may be significantly affected by the specimen’s surface preparation. This must be considered in planning, conducting and reporting a test program. See also 7.4 and 12.2. The mechanisms of cavitation erosion and liquid impingement erosion are not fully understood and may differ, depending on the detailed nature, scale, and inte............

Standard Test Method for Cavitation Erosion Using Vibratory Apparatus

ASTM G50-10 大气对金属腐蚀试验的实施标准操作规程

The procedures described herein can be used to evaluate the corrosion resistance of metals when exposed to the weather, as well as to evaluate the relative corrosivity of the atmosphere at specific locations. Because of the variability and complexity of weather effects and the industrial and natural factors influencing the atmospheric corrosivity of a test site, a multi-year exposure period should be considered to minimize their influence. Also, as corrosivity may vary at a site from season to season, exposures should be made either at the same time of the year to minimize variability or these differences should be established by multiple exposures. Control specimens should always be employed in weathering tests. The control specimens should be from a material having established weathering characteristics. A substantial amount of corrosion data shall have been accumulated for the control specimens. It is also good practice to retain samples of all materials exposed so that possible effects of long-term aging can be measured.1.1 This practice covers and defines conditions for exposure of metals and alloys to the weather. It sets forth the general procedures that should be followed in any atmospheric test. It is presented as an aid in conducting atmospheric corrosion tests so that some of the pitfalls of such testing may be avoided. As such, it is concerned mainly with panel exposures to obtain data for comparison purposes. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Conducting Atmospheric Corrosion Tests on Metals

KS D 0299-2009 除锈等级编制的实验室方法

이 표준에서는 KS M ISO 8501-1에 정의된 철강 표면의 녹 등급을 화학적인 방법으

Laboratory method for the preparation of rust grades

KS D 0295-2009 金属材料选择性腐蚀的外观检验和硬度测定

이 표준은 선택적 부식에 민감한 청동, 황동 및 주철 재질의 아래의 계통, 기기에 대한 육

Visual inspection and hardness test for selective corrosion of alloys

KS D 0288-2009 装饰用电镀层的腐蚀试验方法.涂膏耐蚀

이 표준은 강, 아연 합금, 알루미늄 합금, 플라스틱 및 다른 기질에 전착된 구리/니켈/크

Test method for corrosion of decorative electrodeposited coatings by the Corrodkote procedure

KS D ISO 7539-6:2009 金属和合金的腐蚀.应力腐蚀试验.恒定负荷或恒定位移条件下试验用预破裂试样的制备和使用

1.1 이 표준은 금속의 응력 부식 감수성 평가에 사용되는 예비균열이 있는 시편의 설계,

Corrosion of metals and alloys－Stress corrosion testing－Part 6：Preparation and use of pre-cracked specimens

KS D ISO 7539-5:2009 金属和合金的腐蚀.应力腐蚀试验.第5部分:C.环形试样的制备和使用

1.1 이 표준은 금속의 응력 부식 감수성 평가에 사용되는 C형 링 시편의 설계, 준비,

Corrosion of metals and alloys－Stress corrosion testing－ Part 5：Preparation and use of C-ring specimens

KS D 0292-2009 管道腐蚀.侵蚀试验方法

이 표준은 파이프의 표면에 유체를 흘려주어 발생되는 침식에 대한 성능을 평가하는 시험방법으

Test method of erosion corrosion on pipe

ISO 21610:2009 金属和合金腐蚀.奥体不锈钢晶粒间易受腐蚀性的加速腐蚀试验

Corrosion of metals and alloys - Accelerated corrosion test for intergranular corrosion susceptibility of austenitic stainless steels

BS EN ISO 8407:2014 金属和合金的腐蚀.从腐蚀试验样本中去除腐蚀产品

Corrosion of metals and alloys. Removal of corrosion products from corrosion test specimens

BS ISO 8407:2009 金属和合金的腐蚀.从腐蚀试验样本中去除腐蚀产品

Corrosion of metals and alloys - Removal of corrosion products from corrosion test specimens

ISO 8407:2009 金属与合金的腐蚀.腐蚀试样中腐蚀生成物的清除

Corrosion of metals and alloys - Removal of corrosion products from corrosion test specimens

KS D ISO 11306:2009 金属和合金的腐蚀.暴露在海水表面的金属和合金的评定导则

1.1 이 표준은 금속 및 합금을 바닷물 표면에 폭로시켜 위치의 차이에 따라 비교를 하고자

Corrosion of metals and alloys-Guidelines for exposing and evaluating metals and alloys in surface sea water

DIN 50905-1:2009 金属的腐蚀.腐蚀试验.第1部分:一般指南

This standard establishes general guidelines for testing the corrosion response of metallic material in aggressive environments. It is the main task of these guidelines to ensure that the results of corrosion tests performed in various laboratories are comparable to each other and lead to the same conclusions with respect to the prospective in-service behaviour of the metallic materials under investigation. The observation of the guidelines given in this standard ensures a comparable quantitative evaluation and description of the results of corrosion tests.

Corrosion of metals - Corrosion testing - Part 1: General guidance

ASTM G202-09 使用大气压力回转笼的标准试验方法

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The rotating cage (RC) test system is relatively inexpensive system that uses flat specimens to assess the effect of flow across a specimen on the corrosion that occurs on the specimen. This system does not produce an easily characterized flow system but it is adjustable over a wide range of flow rates and uses readily available specimens. (1-11). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The RC method can be used to evaluate either corrosion inhibitors or materials or both. Guide G184 describes the procedure to use rotating cage to evaluate corrosion inhibitors. In this test method, a general procedure is presented to obtain reproducible results using atmospheric pressure RC described in Guide G184 to simulate the effects of different types of coupon materials, inhibitor concentrations, oil, gas and solution compositions, and flow. Oil field fluids may often contain sand; however, this test method does not cover erosive effects that occur when sand is present.1.1 This test method covers a generally accepted procedure to conduct the rotating cage (RC) experiment under atmospheric pressure. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Using Atmospheric Pressure Rotating Cage

ASTM G113-09 与非金属材料自然和人工风化试验相关的标准术语

This terminology is not intended to supersede the requirements of similar definitions in certain other documents, but is intended to provide a listing of terms that are in current widespread usage, and their context in relation to weathering.1.1 This terminology standard covers terms that relate to the durability testing of Nonmetallic Materials using natural and artificial weathering exposure techniques. 1.2 It is the intent of this terminology standard to include those weathering terms in wide use in ASTM for which standard definitions appear desirable.

Standard Terminology Relating to Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests of Nonmetallic Materials