HandGun-Mediated Inoculation of Plants with Viral Pathogens for Mechanistic Studies
Particle bombardment is an efficient method for virus inoculation of intact plants. This technique enables inoculation with full-length infectious clone cDNA, PCR products, virus from sap or virus preparation, and in vitro viral transcripts. The inoculation of some phloem-limited RNA and circular DNA viruses is also possible. The technique of bombardment without the use of vacuum permits the inoculation of soft-leaved plants that do not usually survive bombardment inoculation, the investigation of viral recombination in planta, promoter analysis, monitoring virus movement using an infectious clone bearing a reporter gene and the inoculation of large numbers of plants. The inoculation of whitefly-borne circular DNA begomoviruses is now possible due to direct genome amplification by Rolling Circle Amplification (RCA), followed by bombardment using a device that does not require a vacuum for operation. Here we describe the inoculation of intact plants with (a) RNA virus infective clones and (b) begomoviruses after direct genome amplification by RCA, using a handheld bombardment device.
- Invader Assay for RNA Quantitation
- Intranasal Delivery of Antiviral siRNA
- Lateral Flow Biosensors for the Detection of Nucleic Acid
- Genome-Wide Analysis of DNA Methylation in Low Cell Numbers by Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing
- Rapid Electrical Lysis of Bacterial Cells in a Microfluidic Device
- Promoter Deletion Analysis Using a Dual-Luciferase Reporter System
- Automated Gene Detection Using the Oligonucleotide Ligation Assay
- Delivery of Plasmid DNA into Dental Tissues of Developing Rat Teeth by Electroporation
- Shipment of Mice and Embryos
- Amplification of Representative cDNA Pools from Microscopic Amounts of Animal Tissue