The scope of this standard is to identify the capabilities of mobile devices to support Commercial Mobile Alert System (CMAS) international roaming. 3GPP Public Warning System (PWS)-based systems for wireless emergency alerting have been and will continue to be deployed in various countries during the next few years. It is highly desirable that a user from one country be able to roam to another country and still have the ability to receive a wireless emergency alert in the roamed-to area. Operators in different countries will likely use differing applications in the UEs to support PWS in their home country. The use of differing User Equipment (UE) applications to support PWS from one country to the next will provide a challenge to support international roaming for CMAS (an instance of a PWS-based system in the United States) and Wireless Public Alerting Service (WPAS) (an instance of a PWS-based system in Canada). The broadcast of differing languages in PWS messages in different countries also provides a challenge to support international roaming for CMAS. These challenges are addressed in this standard. The Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System (ETWS) is outside the scope of this standard. Purpose The purpose of this CMAS international roaming standard is to provide requirements to mobile device manufacturers that allow for emergency alerts to be delivered and displayed to U.S. and Canadian users roaming throughout the U.S. and Canada@ to allow for emergency alerts to be delivered and displayed when U.S. and Canadian users roam elsewhere in the world where 3GPP PWS-based alerting solutions are implemented@ and to allow for emergency alerts to be delivered and displayed to roamers with PWS-capable mobile devices from beyond North America when they roam into North America.