"Introduction Today@ ""safety and security"" in all our activities has become more and more a basic element in our day-to-day experiences. There are several reasons for this development. The largest influence is the increasing number of people in the world. As a consequence@ more resources are being used for daily living than the Earth might be able to provide. Other parameters are the rapid rate of change in technolgies (e.g.@ modern communication techniques)@ the use of all kinds of energy@ increasing social differences@ the consumption of fossil fuels@ local and global accidents@ and crime. This list could easily be made much longer. Because information systems are available 24 hours per day worldwide@ knowledge about these factors and dramatic events is much greater today than in the past. For this reason@ it is not surprising that in marketing questionnaires related to customer wishes for new cars@ when they are asked which performance characteristic is most important in their decision-making processes for buying a vehicle@ safety is on the top of the list. This means that customers desire not only safe and comfortable driving without breakdowns@ but also integrated information and communication systems and to be as safe as possible in the event of an accident. Figure 1.1 shows that vehicle safety is one of the important areas in customers' overall requirements for cars [1-1]. This book describes the most important areas of vehicle safety in passenger cars. To work in the field of automotive safety is one of the most positive activities to which an engineer can commit during his or her career. "