4096-1970

The Effects Of Chronic Exposure To Low Levels Of Carbon Monoxide On The Cardiovascular System Of Dogs. I. EXPOSURE TO 100 PPM CARBON MONOXIDE


 

 

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标准号
4096-1970
发布日期
1970年10月01日
实施日期
2011年02月22日
废止日期
中国标准分类号
/
国际标准分类号
/
发布单位
API - American Petroleum Institute
引用标准
90
适用范围
INTRODUCTION The incomplete combustion of organic materials results in emission of carbon monoxide which is probably the most abundant man-made pollutant in the atmosphere (carbon dioxide is not considered a pollutant since it is a normal expiratory gas@ and is an important link in the ecological cycle). It has been estimated that 102 million tons of carbon monoxide were emitted in the United States in 1968 (1). Because the density of carbon monoxide is relatively close to that of air@ carbon monoxide readily permeates spaces through natural air movements. The exact half-life of carbon monoxide in the lower atmosphere is not known@ nor is there adequate knowledge of the mechanisms of its removal. Despite the enormous amounts of carbon monoxide emitted annually into the atmosphere@ background levels of carbon monoxide (uncontaminated air) do not appear to increase appreciably (2). The chemical oxidation of carbon monoxide by molecular oxygen in the lower atmosphere is very slow and@ therefore@ insignificant. Since known chemical reactions cannot account for the rate of carbon monoxide disappearance@ attention has been focused on biologic and/or physical scavenger mechanisms. Atmospheric sampling by high flying aircraft indicates that the bulk of the carbon monoxide is found mainly in the troposphere where it is relatively inert (3).




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